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Feeding habits of the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) in south-eastern Brazil

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  27 February 2020

Laura Busin Campos Open the ORCID record for Laura Busin Campos [Opens in a new window] ,
Xênia Moreira Lopes ,
Ednilson da Silva  and
Marcos César de Oliveira Santos Open the ORCID record for Marcos César de Oliveira Santos [Opens in a new window]
Laura Busin Campos*
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Biologia da Conservação de Mamíferos Aquáticos, Departamento de Oceanografia biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Campus da Capital, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Xênia Moreira Lopes
Affiliation:
Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747 AG, Groningen, the Netherlands Laboratório de Biologia da Conservação de Cetáceos, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências da Universidade Estadual de São Paulo (UNESP), Campus de Rio Claro, SP, Brazil
Ednilson da Silva
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Biologia da Conservação de Mamíferos Aquáticos, Departamento de Oceanografia biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Campus da Capital, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Marcos César de Oliveira Santos
Affiliation:
Laboratório de Biologia da Conservação de Mamíferos Aquáticos, Departamento de Oceanografia biológica, Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Campus da Capital, Cidade Universitária, Butantã, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
*
Author for correspondence: Laura Busin Campos, E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study evaluated the feeding habits of the franciscana dolphin (Pontoporia blainvillei) in south-eastern Brazil. Stomach contents were collected from a total of 145 dead specimens found incidentally caught by fishing vessels or stranded between 2005 and 2015. Fish otoliths, cephalopod beaks and whole non-digested prey were used for prey species identification. A total of 9337 prey items were identified, including 26 species of teleost fishes and three species of cephalopods. The most important prey families were Sciaenidae among fish and Loliginidae among cephalopods. Franciscana dolphins tended to feed on small fish (mean = 5.25 cm) and cephalopods (mean = 8.57 cm). The index of relative importance (IRI) showed that Pellona harroweri and Doryteuthis plei were the most important prey for both males and females. The PERMANOVA test confirmed that there is no significant difference between the feeding habits of different sexes, but detected a significant difference among seasons. Overall, our results show that franciscana dolphins are predominantly ichthyophagous and non-selective in relation to the type of prey, feeding on pelagic, demersal and pelagic-demersal prey.

Keywords

Feeding habitPontoporia blainvilleiSouth-western Atlanticstomach content analysis
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 100 , Issue 2 , March 2020 , pp. 301 - 313
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2020

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