Hostname: page-component-77c89778f8-vpsfw Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-07-18T21:14:22.907Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The epizoic fauna of Flustra foliacea [Bryozoa]

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

A. R. D. Stebbing
A. R. D. Stebbing
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University College of Swansea
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

INTRODUCTION

Various authors during the last century (Johnston, 1847; Hincks, 1868, 1880) and more recently (D. Eggleston, unpublished†) have recorded a number of species as epizoites on the perennial bryozoan Flustra foliacea (L.) (Table 1); but the ecology of the ‘community’ (Hedgpeth, 1957) of epizoites and their interaction with the living substratum has never been studied. The sessile fauna of Flustra fronds includes species of seven different phyla, but it can be said of only a few that the fronds provide their typical habitat. For example, the barnacles are never very numerous and the lamellibranchs rarely reach adult size. This paper is concerned mainly with the most common epizoites: the hydroids and bryozoans. The distribution and orientation of some of these species on the fronds are of ecological interest.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 51 , Issue 2 , May 1971 , pp. 283 - 300
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1971

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Askew, R. R., 1962. The distribution of galls of Neuroterus (Hym: Cynipidae) on oak. J. Anim. Ecol., Vol. 31, pp. 439–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chiba, Y. & Kato, M., 1966. Interspecific relation in the colony formation among Bougainvillia sp. and Cladonema radiatum (Hydrozoa, Coelenterata). Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ., Ser. 4 (Biol.), Vol. 32, pp. 201–6.Google Scholar
Edmondson, W. T., 1944. Studies in the ecology of sessile Rotatoria. I. Factors affecting distribution. Ecol. Monogr., Vol. 14, pp. 31–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edmondson, W. T., 1945. Studies in the ecology of sessile Rotatoria. II. Dynamics of populations and social structures. Ecol. Monogr., Vol. 15, pp. 141–72.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gautier, Y. V., 1962. Recherches écologiques sur les bryozaires Chilostomes en Mediterranée occidentale. Reel. Trav. Stn mar. Endoume, Vol. 38, pp. 1–434.Google Scholar
Gordon, D. P., 1967. A report on the ectoproct Polyzoa of some Auckland shores. Tone, Vol. 13, pp. 43–76.Google Scholar
Hedgpeth, J. W., 1957. Concepts of marine ecology. Mem. Geol. Soc. Am., no. 67 (1), pp. 29–52.Google Scholar
Hincks, T., 1868. History of British Hydroid Zoophytes, Vol. I, 338 pp.; Vol. II, 67 pl. London: Van Voorst.Google Scholar
Hincks, T., 1880. A History of British Marine Polyzoa, Vol. I, cxli + 601 pp.; Vol. II, 83 pl. London: Van Voorst.Google Scholar
Johnston, G., 1847. A History of British Zoophytes, ed. 2, Vol. I, 488 pp.; Vol. II, 74 pl. London: Van Voorst.Google Scholar
Kain, J. M., 1963. Aspects of the biology of Laminaria hyperborea. II. Age, weight, and length. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 43, pp. 129–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kato, M., Hirai, E. & Kakinuma, Y., 1963. Further experiments on the interspecific relation in the colony formation among some hydrozoan species. Sci. Rep. Tôhoku Univ., Ser. 4 (Biol.), Vol. 29, pp. 317–25.Google Scholar
Kato, M., Hirai, E. & Kakinuma, Y., 1967. Experiments on the coaction among hydrozoan species in the colony formation. Sci. Rep. Tohoku Univ., Ser. 4 (Biol.), Vol. 33, pp. 359–73.Google Scholar
Kato, M., Nakamura, K., Hirai, E. & Kakinuma, Y., 1961. The distribution pattern of Hydrozoa on seaweed with some notes on the so-called coaction among hydrozoan species. Bull. biol. Stn Asamushi, Vol. 10, pp. 195–202.Google Scholar
Knight-Jones, E. W. & Jones, W. C., 1956. The fauna of rocks at various depths off Bardsey. I. Sponges, coelenterates and bryozoans. Bardsey Observatory Report for 1955, pp. 23–30.Google Scholar
Knight-Jones, E. W. & Moyse, J., 1961. Intraspecific competition in sedentary marine animals. Symp. Soc. exp. Biol., Vol. 15, pp. 72–95.Google Scholar
Laubier, L., 1966. he coralligene des Alberes. Monographie biocenotique. 316 pp. Paris: Masson.Google Scholar
Loppens, K., 1905. Rapide multiplication de quelques bryozoaires et hydroides. Annls Soc. r. zool. malacol Belg., Vol. 40, pp. 22–3.Google Scholar
Marine Biological Association, 1957. Plymouth Marine Fauna, 3rd ed. 457 pp. Plymouth.Google Scholar
Morton, J. E. & Miller, M., 1968. The New Zealand Sea Shore. 638 pp. London: Collins.Google Scholar
Nishihira, M., 1968. Distribution pattern of Hydrozoa on the broad-leaved eelgrass and the narrow-leaved eelgrass. Bull. biol. Stn Asamushi, Vol. 13, pp. 125–38.Google Scholar
Parke, M., 1948. Studies on British Laminariaceae. I. Growth in Laminaria saccharina (L.) Lamour. J. mar. Biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 27, pp. 651–709.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Peach, C. W., 1878. Observations on British Polyzoa. J. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), Vol. 13, pp. 479–86.Google Scholar
Prenant, M. & Bobin, G., 1966. Bryozoaires, 2e partie. Chilostomes Anasca. Faune Fr., Vol. 68, pp. 1–647.Google Scholar
Riedl, R., 1969. Marinbiologische Aspekte der Wasserbewegung. Mar. Biol., Vol. 4, pp. 62–78.Google Scholar
Round, F. E., Sloane, J. F., Ebling, F. J. & Kitching, J. A., 1961. The ecology of Lough Ine. X. The hydroid Sertularia operculata (L.) and its associated flora and fauna: effects of transference to sheltered water. J. Ecol., Vol. 49, pp. 617–29.Google Scholar
Ryland, J. S., 1969. A nomenclatural index to ‘A history of the British marine Polyzoa' by T. Hincks (1880). Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Zool.), Vol. 17 (6), pp. 207–60.Google Scholar
Ryland, J. S. & Stebbing, A. R. D., 1971. Settlement and orientated growth in epiphytic and epizoic bryozoans. Proceedings of IVih European Marine Biology Symposium (in the Press).Google Scholar
Silén, L., 1944. On the formation of the interzoidal communications of the Bryozoa. Zool. Bidr. Upps., Vol. 22, pp. 433–88.Google Scholar
Stebbing, A. R. D., 1971. Growth of Flustra foliacea L. (Bryozoa). Mar. Biol. (in the Press).Google Scholar
White, E., 1956. The hydroid Hydranthea margarica (Hincks) in Scottish waters. Scott. Nat., Vol. 68, pp. 39–42.Google Scholar