Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-4rdpn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T12:20:24.195Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Early development and larval survival of Psammechinus miliaris under deep-sea temperature and pressure conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 May 2008

R. Aquino-Souza ,
S.J. Hawkins  and
P.A. Tyler
R. Aquino-Souza*
Affiliation:
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
S.J. Hawkins
Affiliation:
Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, PL1 2PB, UK College of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, UK
P.A. Tyler
Affiliation:
National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: Rosana Aquino-SouzaUniversidade Federal do Ceará—Labomar Avenida Aboliça˜o, 3207 Fortaleza—CE—Brasil 60165-081 email: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The aim of this study was to analyse the tolerance of the planktonic stages of Psammechinus miliaris to hydrostatic pressure and temperature. Embryos of Psammechinus miliaris were subjected to different combinations of pressure and temperature for 3, 6 and 12 h. The percentage of embryos at each stage and the percentage of embryos developing abnormally were measured. Larvae at the gastrula and prism stages were subjected to pressure and temperature combinations for 24 h and the larval survival was calculated measuring the percentage of swimming larvae. Both embryos and larvae could survive at greater pressures than the known adult depth limits. Larvae showed a much greater potential than embryos for surviving deeper, with approximately 100% of both gastrulae and prisms surviving up to 200 atm at 5°C. These results are similar to other shallow-water species of Echinoida. Thus larval tolerance of high pressure and low temperature may have been important for the success of this group in colonizing the deep-sea.

Keywords

embryoslarvaecolonizationdeep-seatemperature tolerancehydrostatic pressure
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 88 , Issue 3 , May 2008 , pp. 453 - 461
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Brey, T. and Gutt, J. (1991) The genus Sterechinus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) on the Weddell Sea shelf and slope (Antarctica): distribution, abundance and biomass. Polar Biology 11, 227–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benitez-Villalobos, F., Tyler, P.A. and Young, C.M. (2006) Temperature and pressure tolerance of embryos and larvae of the Atlantic seastars Asterias rubens and Marthasterias glacialis (Echinodermata: Asteroidea): potential for deep-sea invasion. Marine Ecology Progress Series 314, 109–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Billett, D.S.M. (1991) Deep-sea Holothurians. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review 29, 259–317.Google Scholar
Carney, R.S. (2005) Zonation of deep biota on continental margins. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review 43, 211–278.Google Scholar
Carney, R.S., Haedrich, R.L. and Rowe, G.T. (1983) Zonation of fauna in the deep sea. In Rowe, G.T. (ed.) The sea. New York: Wiley-Interscience, pp. 371–398.Google Scholar
Gage, J.D., Billett, D.S.M., Jensen, M. and Tyler, P.A. (1985) Echinoderms of the Rockall Trough and adjacent areas 2. Echinoids and Holothurioidea. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Zoology) 48, 173–213.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gage, J.D. and Tyler, P.A. (1981a) Non-viable seasonal settlement of larvae of the upper bathyal brittle star Ophiocten gracilis in the Rockall Trough Abyssal. Marine Biology 64, 153–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gage, J.D. and Tyler, P.A. (1981b) Re-appraisal of age composition, growth and survivorship of the deep-sea brittle star Ophiura ljungmani from size structure in a sample time series from the Rockall Trough. Marine Biology 64, 163–172.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gage, J.D. (2004) Diversity in the deep-sea benthic macrofauna: the importance of local ecology, the larger scale, history and the Antarctic. Deep-Sea Research II 51, 1689–1708.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gebruk, A.V. (1994) Two main stages in the evolution of the deep-sea fauna of elasipodid holothurians. In David, B. et al. (eds) Echinoderms through time. Rotterdam: Balkema, pp. 507–514.Google Scholar
Hessler, R.R., Wilson, G.D. and Thistle, D. (1979) The deep-sea isopods: a bigeographic and phylogenetic overview. Sarsia 64, 67–75.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horne, D.J. (1999) Ocean circulation modes of the phanerozoic: implications for the antiquity of deep-sea benthonic invertebrates. Crustaceana 72, 999–1018.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Howell, K.L., Billett, D.S.M. and Tyler, P.A. (2002) Depth-related distribution and abundance of seastars (Echinodermata: Asteroida) in the Porcupine Seabight and Porcupine Abyssal Plain, NE Atlantic. Deep-Sea Research I 49, 1901–1920.Google Scholar
Jacobs, D.K. and Lindberg, D.R. (1998) Oxygen and evolutionary patterns in the sea: onshore/offshore trends and recent recruitment of deep-sea faunas. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 95, 9396–9401.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kussakin, O.G. (1973) Peculiarities of the geographical and vertical distribution of the marine isopods and the problem of deep-sea fauna origin. Marine Biology 23, 19–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelly, M.S., Hunter, A.J., Scholfield, C.L. and McKenzie, J.D. (2000) Morphology and survivorship of larval Psammechinus miliaris (Gmelin) (Echinodermata: Echinoidea) in response to varying food quantity and quality. Aquaculture 183, 223–240.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marsland, D.A. (1938) The effects of high hydrostatic pressure upon cell division in Arbacia eggs. Journal of Cellular and Comparitive Physiology 12, 57–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marsland, D.A. (1950) The mechanisms of cell division: temperature–pressure experiments on the cleaving eggs of Arbacia punctuata. Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology 36, 205–227.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Menzies, R.J. (1965) Conditions for the existence of life on the abyssal sea floor. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review 3, 195–210.Google Scholar
Menzies, R.J., George, R.Y. and Rowe, G.T. (1973) Abyssal environment and the ecology of the world oceans. New York: Wiley-Interscience.Google Scholar
Pörtner, H.O. (2002) Climate variations and the physiological basis of temperature dependent biogeography: systemic to molecular hierarchy of thermal tolerance in animals. Comparative Biochemical Physiology A 132, 739–61.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Raupach, M.J., Held, C. and Wägele, J.W. (2004) Multiple colonization of the deep sea by the Asellota (Crustacea: Peracarida: Isopoda). Deep-Sea Research II 51, 1787–1795.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, A. (2004) Phylogeny and systematics of holasteroid echinoids and their migration into the deep-sea. Palaeontology 4, 123–150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, A.B. and Stockley, B. (2005) The geological history of the deep-sea colonization by echinoids: roles of surface productivity and deep-water ventilation. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B—Biological Science 272, 865–869.Google ScholarPubMed
Somero, G.N. (1998) Adaptation to cold and depth: contrasts between polar and deep-sea animals. In Pörtner, H.O. and Playe, R.C. (eds) Cold ocean physiology. New York: Cambridge University Press, pp. 33–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Somero, G.N., Siebenaller, J.F. and Hochachka, P.W. (1983) Biochemical and physiological adaptations of deep-sea animals. In Rowe, G.T. (ed) The sea, Vol. 8. New York: Wiley-Interscience, pp. 261–330.Google Scholar
Sumida, P.Y.G., Tyler, P.A., Lampitt, R.S. and Gage, J.D. (2000) Reproduction, dispersal and settlement of the bathyal ophiuroid Ophiocten gracilis in the NE Atlantic Ocean. Marine Biology 137, 623–630.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tyler, P.A. (1995) Conditions for the existence of life at the deep-sea floor: an update. Oceanography and Marine Biology: an Annual Review 33, 221–244.Google Scholar
Tyler, P.A., Young, C.M. and Serafy, K. (1995) Distribution, diet and reproduction in the genus Echinus: evidence for recent diversification? In Emson, R. et al. (eds) Echinoderm research 1995. Rotterdam: Balkema, pp. 29–35.Google Scholar
Tyler, P.A. and Young, C.M. (1998) Temperature and pressure tolerances in dispersal stages of the genus Echinus (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): prerequisites for deep-sea invasion and speciation. Deep-sea Research II 45, 253–277.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tyler, P.A., Young, C.M. and Clarke, A. (2000) Temperature and pressure tolerances of embryos and larvae of the Antarctic sea urchin Sterechinus neumayeri (Echinodermata: Echinoidea): potential for deep-sea invasion from high latitudes. Marine Ecology Progress Series 192, 173–180.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vernberg, W.B. and Vernberg, F.J. (1972) Environmental physiology of marine animals. New York: Springer-Verlag.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, G.D.F. (1980) New insights into the colonization of the deep-sea: systematics and zoogeography of the Munnidae and the Pleurogonidae comb. nov. (Isopoda; Janiroida). Journal of Natural History 14, 215–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, G.D.F. (1998) Historical influences on deep-sea isopod diversity in the Atlantic Ocean. Deep-Sea Research 45, 279–301.Google Scholar
Wilson, G.D.F. (1999) Some of the deep-sea fauna is ancient. Crustaceana 72, 1019–1030.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, C.M. and Tyler, P.A. (1993) Embryos of the deep-sea echinoid Echinus affinis require high hydrostatic pressure for development. Limnology and Oceanography 38, 178–181.Google Scholar
Young, C.M., Tyler, P.A. and Emson, R.H. (1995) Embryonic pressure tolerances of bathyal and littoral echinoids from the tropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans. In Emson, R. et al. (eds.) Echinoderm research 1995. pp. 325–331. Rotterdam: Balkema, pp. 325–331.Google Scholar
Young, C.M., Tyler, P.A. and Gage, J.D. (1996) Vertical distribution correlates with pressure tolerances of early embryos on the deep-sea asteroid Plutonaster bifrons. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 76, 749–757.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Young, C.M., Tyler, P.A. and Fenaux, L. (1997) Potential for deep-sea invasion by Mediterranean shallow water echinoids: pressure and temperature as stage-specific dispersal barriers. Marine Ecology Progress Series 154, 197–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar