Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-v9fdk Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-17T13:57:21.342Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

The Culture of Eggs and Embryos of Amphipod Crustaceans: Implications For Brood Pouch Physiology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

David Morritt  and
John I. Spicer
David Morritt
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN
John I. Spicer
Affiliation:
Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

A technique is described for the in vitro culture of the eggs and embryos of amphipod crustaceans. The technique was used, with mixed success, to culture the eggs of four species of amphipod (Gammarus duebeni, Orchestia gammarellus, Gammarus pulex and Echinogammarus pirloti) through to hatching. Eggs of the brackish water G. duebeni showed good hatching success in culture (70–75%) over a wide range of experimental salinities (75–1250 mOsm kg1). The eggs of O. gammarellus showed higher mortality rates in culture (compared with G. duebeni), especially in more dilute salinities (300 mOsm kg1) in which they swelled greatly prior to disintegration. Survival and true growth (as distinct from osmotic swelling) of O. gammarellus embryos in dilute salinities were significantly im-proved by introducing embryos into culture at a later stage of development. Antibiotic treatment had no demonstrable effect on embryo survival or growth. Whilst difficult to culture using this method, the eggs of the fresh water G. pulex showed best hatching success on a very dilute saline medium (~40 mOsm kg1). The results are discussed in relation to the development of embryonic osmoregulation, the implications for brood pouch function and the potential for female control of the embryonic environment, especially in semi-terrestrial species.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 76 , Issue 2 , May 1996 , pp. 361 - 376
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Charmantier-Daures, M. & Charmantier, G., 1991. Mass culture of Cancer irroratus larvae: adaptation of a flow-through seawater system. Aquaculture, 97, 25–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Charmantier, G. & Charmantier-Daures, M., 1994. Ontogeny of osmoregulation and salinity tolerance in the isopod crustacean Sphaeroma serratum. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 114, 93–102.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartnoll, R.G. & Smith, S.M., 1978. Pair formation and the reproductive cycle in Gammarus duebeni. Journal of Natural History, 12, 501–511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hoese, B. & Janssen, H.H., 1989. Morphological and physiological studies on the marsupium in terrestrial isopods. Monitore Zoologico Italiano (NS). Monografia, 4,153–173.Google Scholar
Holdich, D.M. & Tolba, M.R., 1981. The effect of temperature and water quality on the in vitro development and survival of Asellus aquaticus (Crustacea: Isopoda) eggs. Hydrobiologia, 78, 227–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janssen, H.H. & Hoese, B., 1993. Marsupium morphology and brooding biology of the Antarctic giant isopod, Glyptonotus antarcticus Eights 1853 (Crustacea, Isopoda, Chaetiliidae). Polar Biology, 13, 145–149.Google Scholar
Kelley, B.J. Jr & Burbanck, W.D., 1976. Responses of embryonic Cyathura polita (Stimpson) (Isopoda: Anthuridae) to varying salinities. Chesapeake Science, 17, 159–167.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kinne, O., 1959. Ecological data on the amphipod Gammarus duebeni. A monograph. Veröffentlichungen des Instituts für Meeresforschung in Bremerhaven, 6,177–202.Google Scholar
Lalitha, M., Shyamasundari, K. & Rao, K.H., 1989. Studies on the embryonic development of Talorchestia martensii (Weber) (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Archivio Italiano di Anatomia e di Embriologia, 94, 185–195.Google Scholar
Lockwood, A.P.M., 1993. Gammarus duebeni: a flexible phenotype. In Quantified phenotypic responses in morphology and physiology. Proceedings of the 27th European Marine Biology Symposium, Dublin, Ireland (ed. J.C., Aldrich), pp. 215–227. Ashford, Co. Wicklow, Ireland: JAPAGA.Google Scholar
Magniette, F. & Ginsburger-Vogel, T., 1982. Établissement d'une table chronologique du développement embryonaire. A différentes températures, chez Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas) (Crustacé, Amphipode). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France, 107, 101–110.Google Scholar
McLusky, D.S. & Heard, V.E.J., 1971. Some effects of salinity on the mysid Praunus flexuosus. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 51, 709–715.Google Scholar
Moore, P.G. & Francis, C.H., 1985. On the water relations and osmoregulation of the beach-hopper Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas) (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 94,131–150.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, P.G. & Francis, C.H., 1986. Notes on the breeding periodicity and sex ratio of Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas) (Crustacea: Amphipoda) at Millport, Scotland. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 95, 203–209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moore, P.G., Morritt, D. & Stevenson, T.D.I., 1993. Morphology of the antennary gland exit duct in ecological and phylogenetic series of talitroid Amphipoda (Crustacea). Journal of Zoology, 231,187–201.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morritt, D., 1987. Evaporative water loss under desiccation stress in semiterrestrial and terrestrial amphipods (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 111, 145–157.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morritt, D., 1988. Osmoregulation in littoral and terrestrial talitroidean amphipods (Crustacea) from Britain. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 123, 77–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morritt, D. & Spicer, J.I., 1995. Changes in the pattern of osmoregulation in the brackish water amphipod Gammarus duebeni Lilljeborg (Crustacea) during embryonic development. Journal of Experimental Zoology, 273, 271–281.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morritt, D. & Stevenson, T.D.I., 1993. Factors influencing breeding initiation in the beachflea Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas) (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 165, 191–208.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, R., 1992. Biometry of brooding in seven species of amphipod (Crustacea) from the Clyde Sea area. Journal of Natural History, 26, 353–371.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Provenzano, A.J. Jr, 1967. Recent advances in the laboratory culture of decapod larvae. Proceedings of Symposia on Crustacea, 2, 940–945.Google Scholar
Ralph, R.R., 1965. Some aspects of the ecology and osmoregulation of Neomysis integer Leach. PhD thesis, University of Southampton.Google Scholar
Rice, A.L. & Williamson, D.I., 1970. Methods for rearing larval decapod Crustacea. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 20, 417–434.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roberts, M.H. Jr, 1975. Culture techniques for decapod crustacean larvae. In Culture of marine invertebrate animals (ed W.L., Smith and M.H., Chanley), pp. 209–220. New York: Plenum Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spicer, J.I. & Morritt, D., in press. Ontogenic changes in cardiac function in crustaceans. Comparative Biochemical Physiology A.Google Scholar
Spicer, J.I. & Taylor, A.C., 1994. The origin and metabolic significance of exosomatic water in the semi-terrestrial beachflea, Orchestia gammarellus (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Journal of Zoology. 232, 617–632.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spicer, J.I., Moore, P.G. & Taylor, A.C., 1987. The physiological ecology of land invasion by the Talitridae (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 232, 95–124.Google Scholar
Steele, D.H. & Steele, V.J., 1969. The biology of Gammarus (Crustacea, Amphipoda) in the north-western Atlantic. I. Gammarus duebeni Lillj. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 47, 235–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sutcliffe, D. W., 1971. Sodium influx and loss in freshwater and brackish-water populations of the amphipod Gammarus duebeni Lilljeborg. Journal of Experimental Biology, 54, 255–268.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Vlasblom, A.G. & Bolier, G., 1971. Tolerance of the embryos of Marinogammarus marinus and Orchestia gammarella to lowered salinities. Netherlands Journal of Sea Research, 5, 334–341.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, D.I., 1951. On the mating and breeding of some semi-terrestrial amphipods. Kings College, Dove Marine Laboratory Report, series 3, 12, 49–62.Google Scholar
Wittman, K.J., 1981. Comparative biology and morphology of marsupial development in Leptomysis and other Mediterranean Mysidacea (Crustacea). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 52, 243–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar