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The chromatic and motor effects of neurotransmitter injection in intact and brain-lesioned Octopus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 October 2009

P. L. R. Andrews ,
J. B. Messenger  and
E. M. Tansey
P. L. R. Andrews
Affiliation:
Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh, EH8 9AG
J. B. Messenger
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN
E. M. Tansey
Affiliation:
Vision Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, SE1 7EH
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Abstract

Various neurotransmitters were injected into the blood supplying the brain of Octopus vulgaris and the effects, particularly on the chromatophores, were observed. l-glutamate, GABA, dopamine, noradrenaline and octopamine caused expansion of the chromatophores and darkening of the skin; ACh caused retraction of the chromatophores and paling; 5HT caused differential expansion and retraction: mottling. These responses, which are neurally mediated, were particularly well defined for ACh and 5HT and the effects of these drugs were studied in more detail. The paling effect of ACh was mimicked by nicotine but not muscarine and was partially antagonized by tubocurarine. The mottling induced by 5HT was transiently antagonized by methysergide maleate, as was ink-ejection and defaecation. Brain lesions to localize the sites of action of ACh and 5HT suggest that they act at the level of the sub-oesophageal lobes to control the chromatophores, but that 5 HT may act at the level of the optic lobe to control inking and defaecation. These results are related to the pharmacology and histochemistry of the cephalopod brain and to the organization of the chromatophore control system.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 63 , Issue 2 , May 1983 , pp. 355 - 370
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1983

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References

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