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And then there was one: Polydora uncinata and Polydora hoplura (Annelida: Spionidae), the problematic polydorid pest species represent a single species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 July 2016

Waka Sato-Okoshi ,
Hirokazu Abe ,
Goh Nishitani  and
Carol A. Simon
Waka Sato-Okoshi*
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
Hirokazu Abe
Affiliation:
Tohoku National Fisheries Research Institute, Fisheries Research Agency, Miyagi 985-0001, Japan
Goh Nishitani
Affiliation:
Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan
Carol A. Simon
Affiliation:
Department of Botany and Zoology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch, South Africa
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: W. Sato-Okoshi, Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 981-8555, Japan email: [email protected]
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Abstract

It is necessary to monitor shell-associated polydorid worms owing to the risk that they pose to commercially important molluscs. This requires accurate identification, but is often hampered by morphological similarities among species, insufficient type specimens, and abridged species descriptions. Thus morphological characteristics and molecular sequences of the most harmful polydorid species, Polydora uncinata from Japan and Australia and Polydora hoplura from South Africa were compared to determine whether they represent two morphologically similar, but genetically distinct species, or a single species. A wide range of morphological variation (with respect to size, length of caruncle and pigmentation patterns) was observed in each species and population, and their variations largely overlapped and revealed them to be at the intraspecific level of a single species. This was confirmed by gene sequences of nuclear 18S and 28S rRNA that were completely identical for P. uncinata and P. hoplura. The mitochondrial 16S rRNA and cyt b gene analyses also showed no genetic differences between these two species. The tree topology of the mitochondrial cyt b gene did not reflect geographic differences but instead suggests artificial transportation of the species. We recommend the synonymization of P. uncinata with P. hoplura.

Keywords

pest polydoridssynonymmorphologymolecular sequencemollusc aquaculturealien
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 97 , Issue 8 , December 2017 , pp. 1675 - 1684
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2016 

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