Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T17:35:56.007Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Zinc concentrations in juvenile flatfish

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

N. J. Milner
N. J. Milner
Affiliation:
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, Fisheries Laboratory, Lowestoft, Suffolk
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

In most demersal and some pelagic marine fish O- and I-group stages are found on inshore nursery grounds which are often situated in coastal indentations and estuaries

where flushing rates are low and the build up of persistent pollutants can be correspondingly high. Their movements are restricted, only leaving the nursery areas towards the end of their second year (Lockwood, 1974; Riley, 1973). This, coupled with the fact that juveniles may be more susceptible than adults to pollutants, makes them particularly vulnerable to the potential hazards of inshore pollution.

The physico-chemical properties of most trace metals, however, generally preclude their occurrence at high concentrations in sea water itself. Instead, most of the metal is transferred to the particulate phase of the water mass and to sedimentary reservoirs (Renfro, 1973) so that concentrations of metals in sea water very rarely reach levels which are known to be acutely toxic to fish. The main risk from direct effects of metals lies in poisoning resulting from internal accumulation.

Little information is available on metal concentrations occurring in young fish. Hardisty et al. (1974) and Hardisty, Kartar & Sainsbury (1974) have examined zinc, cadmium and lead levels in O-group and older flounders from the Bristol Channel. Andersen, Dommasnes & Hesthagen (1973) found high concentrations of zinc in O- and I-group herring and sprat from Oslo Fjord, Cross & Brooks (1973) reported on manganese, iron and zinc concentrations in juvenile estuarine fish. Pentreath (1973 b) has reported on zinc concentrations in the organs of I-group plaice.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 59 , Issue 3 , August 1979 , pp. 761 - 775
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1979

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abdullah, M. I., Royle, L. G. & Morris, A. W., 1972. Heavy metal concentration in coastal waters. Nature, London, 235, 158–160.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andersen, A. T., Dommasnes, A. & Hesthagen, I. H., 1973. Some heavy metals in sprat (Sprattus sprattus) and herring (Clupea harengus) from the inner Oslofjord. Aquaculture, 2, 17–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, J., 1974. A study of the digestion of sediment by the HNO3-H2 SO4 and the HNO3-HCl procedures. Atomic Absorption Newsletter, 13 (1), 31.Google Scholar
Bohn, A. & McElroy, R. O., 1976. Trace metals (As, Co, Cu, Fe, and Zn) in Arctic cod, Boreogadus saida, and selected zooplankton from Strathcona Sound, northern Baffin Island. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 33, 2836–2840.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowen, H. J. M., 1967. Comparative elemental analyses of a standard plant material. Analyst, London, 92, 124–131.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boyden, C. R., 1974. Trace element content and body size in molluscs. Nature, London, 251, 311–314.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Boyden, C. R., 1977. Effect of size upon metal content of shellfish. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 57, 675–714.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryan, G. W., 1973. The occurrence and seasonal variation of trace metals in the scallops Pecten maximus (L.) and Chlamys opercularis (L.). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 53, 145–166.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryan, G. W., 1976. Some aspects of heavy metal tolerance in aquatic organisms. In Effects of Pollutants on Aquatic Organisms (ed. Lockwood, A. P. M.), pp. 7–34. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bryan, G. W. & Hummerstone, L. G., 1973. Adaptation of the polychaete Nereis diversicolor to estuarine sediments containing high concentrations of zinc and cadmium. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom., 53, 839–857.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bryan, G. W. & Uysal, H., 1978. Heavy metals in the burrowing bivalve Scrobicularia plana from the Tamar Estuary in relation to environmental levels. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 58, 89–108.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chester, R. & Stoner, J. H., 1975. Trace elements in sediments from the lower Severn estuary and Bristol Channel. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 6, 92–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cross, F. A. & Brooks, J. H., 1973. Concentrations of manganese, iron and zinc in juveniles of five estuarine-dependent fishes. In Radionuclides in Ecosystems, vol. 2. Proceedings of the Third National Symposium on Radioecology, 1971 (ed. Nelson, D. J.), pp. 769–775. Oak Ridge, Tennessee: U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.Google Scholar
Cross, F. A., Hardy, L. H., Jones, N. Y. & Barber, R. T., 1973. Relation between body weight and concentrations of manganese, iron, copper, zinc and mercury in white muscle of bluefish Pomatomus saltatrix and a bathydemersal fish Antimora rostrata. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 30, 1287–1291.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, R. R. C., 1967. Estimation of the respiratory rate of young plaice, (Pleuronectes platessa L.) in natural conditions using zinc-65. Nature, London, 216, 1335–1337.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halcrow, W., Mackay, D. W. & Thornton, I., 1973. The distribution of trace metals in the Firth of Clyde in relation to the disposal of sewage sludge. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 53, 721–739.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hardisty, M. W., Huggins, R. J., Kartar, S. & Sainsbury, M., 1974. Ecological implications of heavy metal in fish from the Severn estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 5, 12–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hardisty, M. W., Kartar, S. & Sainsbury, M., 1974. Dietary habits and heavy metal concentrations in fish from the Severn estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 5, 61–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harms, U., 1975. The levels of heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg) in fish from onshore and offshore waters of the German Bight. Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -forschung, 157, 125–132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Holden, A. V. & Topping, G., 1972. Occurrence of specific pollutants in fish in the Forth and Tay estuaries. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (B), 71, 189–194.Google ScholarPubMed
Hoss, D. E., 1964. Accumulation of zinc-65 by flounder of the genus Paralichthys. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 93, 364–368.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ireland, M. P., 1974. Variations in the zinc, copper, manganese and lead content of Balanus balanoides in Cardigan Bay, Wales. Environmental Pollution, 7, 65–75.Google Scholar
Kormondy, E. J., 1965. Uptake and loss of zinc-65 in the dragonfly Plathenis lydia. Limnology and Oceanography, 10, 427–433.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lockwood, S. J., 1974. The settlement, distribution and movements of O-group plaice Pleuronectes platessa (L.) in Filey Bay, Yorkshire. Journal of Fish Biology, 6, 465–477.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mishima, T. & Odum, E. P., 1963. Excretion rate of 65Zn by Littorina irrorata in relation to temperature and body size. Limnology and Oceanography, 8, 39–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morris, A. W. & Bale, A. J., 1975. The accumulation of cadmium, copper, manganese and zinc by Fucus vesiculosus in the Bristol Channel. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science, 3, 153–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nickless, G., Stenner, R. & Terrille, N., 1972. Distribution of cadmium, lead and zinc in the Bristol Channel. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 3, 188–190.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paloheimo, J. E. & Dickie, L. M., 1966. Food and growth of fishes. II. Effects of food and temperature on the relation between metabolism and body weight. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 23, 869–908.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parker, R. R. & Larkin, P. A., 1959. A concept of growth in fishes. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 16, 721–745.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pentreath, R. J., 1973a. The roles of food and water in the accumulation of radionuclides by marine teleost and elasmobranch fishes. In Radioactive Contamination of the Marine Environment. Proceedings of the Symposium on the Interaction of Radioactive Contaminants with the Constituents of the Marine Environment, Seattle, 1972, pp. 421–436. Vienna: International Atomic Energy Agency.Google Scholar
Pentreath, R. J., 1973b. The accumulation and retention of 65Zn and 54Mn by the plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 12, 1–18.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pentreath, R. J., 1976. Some further studies on the accumulation and retention of 65Zn and 54Mn by the plaice, Pleuronectes platessa L. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 21, 179–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Portmann, J. E., 1972. The levels of certain metals in fish from coastal waters around England and Wales. Aquaculture, 1, 91–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Portmann, J. E. & Neall, P., 1973. The relationship between age of fish and the levels of accumulated substances. International Council for the Exploration of the Sea C. M. Papers and Reports), E: 12, 9 pp. [Mimeo.]Google Scholar
Preston, A., 1973. Heavy metals in British waters. Nature, London, 242, 95–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Renfro, W. C., 1973. Transfer of 65Zn from sediments by marine polychaete worms. Marine Biology, 21, 305–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riley, J. D., 1971. The Riley push-net. In Methods for the Study of Marine Benthos (ed. Holme, N. A. and Mclntyre, A. D.), pp. 286–290. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications. [IBP Handbook no. 16.]Google Scholar
Riley, J. D., 1973. Movements of O-group plaice Pleuronectes platessa L. as shown by latex tagging. Journal of Fish Biology, 5, 323–343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stevens, J. D. & Brown, B. E., 1974. Occurrence of heavy metals in the blue shark Prionace glauca and selected pelagic fish in the N.E. Atlantic Ocean. Marine Biology, 26, 287–293.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Taylor, D., 1974. Natural distribution of trace metals in sediments from a coastal environment, Tor Bay, England. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science, 2, 417–424.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Watling, H. R. & Watling, R. J., 1976. Trace metals in Chloromytilus meridionalis. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 7, 91–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weatherly, A. H., 1972. Growth and Ecology of Fish Populations. 293 pp. London: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Winberg, G. C., 1956. Rate of Metabolism and Food Requirements of Fishes. 253 pp. Nanaimo: Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Translation series no. 194 (1960).Google Scholar
Zeuthen, E., 1953. Oxygen uptake as related to body size in organisms. Quarterly Review of Biology, 28, 1–12.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed