Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T17:06:18.618Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

On the Nutrition and Metabolism of Zooplankton VII. Seasonal Survey of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Excretion by Calanus in the Clyde Sea-Area

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

E. I. Butler
Affiliation:
The Plymouth Laboratory and Marine Station, Millport
E. D. S. Corner
Affiliation:
The Plymouth Laboratory and Marine Station, Millport
S. M. Marshall
Affiliation:
The Plymouth Laboratory and Marine Station, Millport

Extract

In a recent study (Butler, Corner & Marshall, 1969) it was found that the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus in soluble form by Calanus finmarchicus caught at Garroch Head in the Clyde sea-area was significantly higher in spring when plant food was plentiful, than in autumn when plant food was in relatively short supply. The present survey has extended this earlier study to include more detailed data at all times of the year, particular attention being paid to the spring diatom increase of 1969 when plant food in the sea near Garroch Head rose above the level which Beklemishev (1962) regards as inducing superfluous feeding, a wasteful process partially involving the inefficient assimilation of foodstuffs (see ‘Discussion’, p. 549).

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1970

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Adams, J. A. & Steele, J. H., 1966. Shipboard experiments on the feeding of Calanus finmarchicus (Gunnerus). In Some Contemp. Stud. mar. Set., pp. 1935. Ed. H., Barnes. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Anraku, M. & Omori, M., 1963. Preliminary survey of the relationship between the feeding habit and the structure of the mouth parts of marine copepods. limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 8, pp. 116126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baylor, E. R. & Sutcliffe, W. H. Jr, 1963. Dissolved organic matter in seawater as a source of particulate food. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 8, pp. 369–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beers, J. R. 1964. Ammonia and inorganic phosphorus excretion by the planktonic chaetognath Sagitta hispida Conant. J. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer., Vol. 29, pp. 123–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beklemishev, C. W., 1962. Superfluous feeding of marine herbivorous zooplankton. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer., Vol. 153, pp. 108–13.Google Scholar
Butler, E. I., Corner, E. D. S. & Marshall, S. M., 1969. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. VI. Feeding efficiency of Calanus in terms of nitrogen and phosphorus. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 49, pp. 9771003.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conover, R. J., 1966. Assimilation of organic matter by zooplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 11, pp. 338–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conover, R. J. & Corner, E. D. S., 1968. Respiration and nitrogen excretion by some marine zooplankton in relation to their life cycles. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 48, pp. 4975.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Conover, S. A. M., 1956. Oceanography of Long Island Sound. IV. Phytoplankton. Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll., Vol. 15, pp. 62112.Google Scholar
Corner, E. D. S., 1961. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. I. Preliminary observations on the feeding of the marine copepod Calanus helgolandicus (Claus). J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 41, pp. 516.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E. D. S. & Cowey, C. B., 1968. Biochemical studies on the production of marine zooplankton. Biol. Rev., Vol. 43, pp. 393426.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Corner, E. D. S., Cowey, C. B. & Marshall, S. M., 1965. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. III. Nitrogen excretion by Calanus. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 47, pp. 259–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E. D. S., Cowey, C. B. & Marshall, S. M., 1967. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. V. Feeding efficiency of Calanus finmarchicus. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 47, pp. 252–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Corner, E. D. S. & Newell, B. S., 1967. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. IV. The forms of nitrogen excreted by Calanus. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 47, pp. 113–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowey, C. B. & Corner, E. D. S., 1963. On the nutrition and metabolism of zooplankton. II. The relationship between the marine copepod Calanus helgolandicus and particulate material in Plymouth seawater in terms of amino acid composition. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 43, pp. 495511.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cowey, C. B. & Corner, E. D. S., 1966. The amino acid composition of certain unicellular algae and of the faecal pellets produced by Calanus finmarchicus when feeding on them. In Some Contemp. Stud. mar. Sci., pp. 225–31. Ed. H., Barnes. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Cushing, D. H., 1963. Studies on a Calanus patch. V. The production cruises in 1954: summary and conclusions. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 43, pp. 387–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cushing, D. H. & Vućetić, T., 1963. Studies on a Calanus patch. III. The quantity of food eaten by Calanus finmarchicus. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 43, pp. 349–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deevey, G. B., 1960. Relative effects of temperature and food on seasonal variations in length of marine copepods in some Eastern American and Western European waters. Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll., Vol. 17, pp. 5486.Google Scholar
Gilchrist, B. M., 1960. Growth and form of the brine shrimp Anemia salina (L). Proc. zool. Soc. Lond., Vol. 134, pp. 221–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hargrave, B. T. & Geen, G. H., 1968. Phosphorus excretion by zooplankton. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 13, pp. 332–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, E., 1959. The nitrogen cycle in Long Island Sound. Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll., Vol. 17, pp. 3165.Google Scholar
Harvey, H. W., 1950. On the production of living matter in the sea off Plymouth. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 29, pp. 97137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, H. W., Cooper, L. H. N., Lebour, M. V. & Russell, F. S., 1935. Plankton production and its control. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 20, pp. 407–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jørgensen, C. B., 1966. Biology of Suspension Feeding. 357 pp. Pergamon Press.Google Scholar
Ketchum, B. H., 1962. Regeneration of nutrients by zooplankton. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer., Vol. 153, pp. 142–7.Google Scholar
Mare, M. F., 1942. A study of a marine benthic community with special reference to the micro-organisms. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 25, pp. 517–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, J. H., 1968. Phytoplankton—zooplankton relationships in Narragansett Bay. III. Seasonal changes in zooplankton excretion rates in relation to phytoplankton abundance. Limnol. Oceanogr., Vol. 13, pp. 63–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, S. M., Nicholls, A. G. & Orr, A. P., 1934. On the biology of Calanus finmarchicus. V. Seasonal distribution, size, weight and chemical composition in Loch Striven in 1933, and their relation to the phytoplankton. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 19, pp. 793827.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, S. M., Nicholls, A. G. & Orr, A. P., 1935. On the biology of Calanus finmarchicus. VI. Oxygen consumption in relation to environmental conditions. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 20, pp. 128.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, S. M. & Orr, A. P., 1930. A study of the spring diatom increase in Loch Striven. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 16, pp. 853–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, S. M. & Orr, A. P., 1952. On the biology of Calanus finmarchicus. VII. Factors affecting egg production. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 30, pp. 527–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, S. M. & Orr, A. P. 1953. Calanus finmarchicus: Egg production and egg development in Tromsø Sound in spring. Acta Borealia, No. 5, pp. 121.Google Scholar
Marshall, S. M. & Orr, A. P., 1955. On the biology of Calanus finmarchicus VIII. Food uptake, assimilation and excretion in adult and stage V Calanus. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 34, pp. 495529.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Marshall, S. M. & Orr, A. P., 1962. Food and feeding in copepods. Rapp. P.-v. Réun. Cons. perm. int. Explor. Mer., Vol. 153, pp. 92–8.Google Scholar
Orr, A. P., 1934. On the biology of Calanus finmarchicus. IV. Seasonal change in the weight and chemical composition in Loch Fyne. J. mar. biol. Ass. U.K., Vol. 19, pp. 613–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Parsons, T. R., Stephens, K. &. Strickland, J. D. H., 1961. On the chemical composition of eleven species of marine phytoplankters. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can., Vol. 18, pp. 1001–16.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pomeroy, L. R., Matthews, H. M. & Min, H. S., 1963. Excretion of phosphate and soluble organic phosphorus compounds by zooplankton. Limnol Oceanogr., Vol. 8, pp. 50–5.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riley, G. A., 1947. A theoretical analysis of the zooplankton population of Georges Bank. J. mar. Res., Vol. 6, pp. 104–13.Google Scholar
Riley, G. A., 1959. Note on particulate matter in Long Island Sound. Bull. Bingham oceanogr. Coll., Vol. 17, pp. 83–6.Google Scholar
Satomi, M. & Pomeroy, L. R., 1965. Respiration and phosphorus excretion in some marine populations. Ecology, Vol. 46, pp. 877–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spedding, C. R. W., 1965. Sheep Production and Grazing Management. 380 pp. London: Baillière, Tindall and Cox.Google Scholar
Winberg, G. G., 1956. Rate of metabolism and food requirements of fishes; transl. from the Russian. 253 pp. Fish Res. Bd Can. Transl. Ser. No. 194 (1960). Originally in Nauchnye Trudy Belorusskovo Gosudarat-vennovo Univ. V.I. Lenina, Minsk (1956).Google Scholar