Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-7cvxr Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T17:28:17.742Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

On the Marina Cladocera from the Northumbrian Plankton

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

Olag M. Jorgensen
Olag M. Jorgensen
Affiliation:
Armstrong College, University of Durham.
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

From an analysis of previous records of E. nordmanni, considered in conjunction with those furnished by the present investigation, the following points of interest emerge.

1. E. nordmanni, while being generally distributed in the North Sea and adjacent waters throughout the summer months, has been shown to breed freely in inshore waters in early summer and again in autumn when maximum numbers of individuals are obtained.

2. These two periods of maximal abundance are produced as the result of successive parthenogenetic broods and alternate with periods of depression. This is indicated not only by the sexually-produced winter-egg, but also by a reduction in the number of embryos contained in the brood chamber and consequent change in body-shape. This serves to show that the supposedly distinct races, described as being characteristic of the North Sea and the Baltic, have no doubt been founded on material taken at different periods of the agamic phase.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 19 , Issue 1 , August 1933 , pp. 177 - 226
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1933

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1.Agar, W. E.Experiments on Inheritance in Parthenogenesis. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. B. Vol. 205.Google Scholar
2.Apstein, C. Cladocera. Conseil Internat. Bull. Trimest. 1910.Google Scholar
3.Apstein, C. Cladocera, in Nordisches Plankton. 1913.Google Scholar
4.Ashworth, J. H.On some Pseudo-hermaphrodite Examples of Daphnia pulex. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., Vol. XXXIII, Part III. 1912–13.Google Scholar
5.Baird, W. The Natural History of the British Entomostraca. Ray. Soc. Monogr. 1850.Google Scholar
6.Blegvad, H.On the Biology of some Danish Gammarids and Mysids. Rep. Danish Biol. Stat., XXVIII. 1922.Google Scholar
7.Bowman, A. Biological Interchange between … North Sea. Brit. Assoc. Rep. 1922.Google Scholar
8.Brown, E. T.Notes on the Pelagic Fauna of the Firth of Clyde, 1901–2. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., XXV, Part II.Google Scholar
9.Bygrave, W. Report on the Plankton of the English Channel in 1906. North Sea Fish. Invest. Com. 1908.Google Scholar
10.Calman, W. T. Crustacea—Branchiopoda in Lankester's A Treatise on Zoology.Google Scholar
11.Carpenter, K. Life in Inland Waters. 1928.Google Scholar
12.Claus, C. Zur Kenntniss des Baues und der Organisation der Polyphemiden. Denkschr. K.K.Akad. Wiss. 1877.Google Scholar
13.Cleve, P. T.Plankton Researches in 1901–1902. Kongl. Svenska Vetenskaps-Akad. Handl. Bd. 36, No. 8.Google Scholar
14.Cutler, D. W. Natural and Artificial Parthenogenesis in Animals. Mem. and Proc. Manchester Lit. and Phil. Soc. 1917–18.Google Scholar
15.Daniel, R. T. Rep. Lane. Sea Fish. Comm. 1925.Google Scholar
16.Farran, G. P.Marine Entomostraca. Clare Island Survey, Part 45, Proc. Roy. Irish Acad., Vol. XXXI. 1913.Google Scholar
17.Farran, G. P. On the Local and Seasonal Distribution of the Pelagic Copepoda … Ireland. Publ. de Circon. No. 73.Google Scholar
18.Fulton, T. W. On the Currents of the North Sea. 15th Ann. Rep. Fish. Bd. Scot. 1896.Google Scholar
19.Gaarder, and Gran, . Investigations of the Production of Plankton in the Oslo Fjord. Rapp. et Procès-Verb. des Réunions, Vol. XLII.Google Scholar
20.Giesbrecht, W. Crustacea in Lang's Handbuch der Morph. der Wirb. Tiere, Arthropoda. 4th Bd.Google Scholar
21.Gough, L. H.Plankton Collected at Irish Light Stations in 1904. Fish. Ire. Sci. Invest. VI. 1904.Google Scholar
22.Gran, H. H.The Production of Plankton in the Coastal Waters off Bergen, 1922. Rep. Norweg. Fish, and Marine Invest., Vol. III, No. 8.Google Scholar
23.Gran, and Rudd, . Über die Plankton Production im Hurdals-See. Avhandl. utgitt av der Norske Videnskaps-Akad. 1 Oslo 1927, No. 1.Google Scholar
24.Gurney, R.The Crustacean Plankton of the English Lake District. Linn. Soc. Journ. Zool., Vol. XXXV. 1923.Google Scholar
25.Hansen, J. H. Die Cladoceren der Plankton-Expedition. Plankton-Exped. der Humboldt-Stiftung. 1899.Google Scholar
26.Hardy, A. C. Notes on Atlantic Plankton … 1921–1922. Publ. de Circ, No. 78. 1923.Google Scholar
27.Herdman, W. A.A Comparison of the Summer Plankton … Irish Sea. Journ. Linn. Soc. (Zool.), Vol. XXXII. 1910.Google Scholar
28.Herdman, and Scott, . Plankton Studies in the Irish Sea … Isle of Man. Trans. Biol. Soc. Liverpool, Vol. XXII. 1908.Google Scholar
29.Johnstone, , Chadwick, , and Scott, . The Marine Plankton. Univ. Press, Liverpool. 1924.Google Scholar
30.Jorgensen, O. M.Plankton Investigations 4. Crustacea. Dove Marine Lab. Rep., N.S., XII. 1923.Google Scholar
31.Jorgensen, O. M.Plankton Investigations 4. Crustacea. Dove Marine Lab. Rep., N.S., XIII. 1924.Google Scholar
32.Kühn, A.Die Entwicklung der Keimzellen in den Parthenogenetischen Generationen der Cladoceren. Arch. Zellf. Bd. 1.Google Scholar
33.Kuttner, O. Mitteilungen uber Marine Cladoceren. Sitz. der Gesellschaft Naturforsch. 1911.Google Scholar
34.Lebour, M. V.The Food of Plankton Organisms. Journ. Mar. Biol. Assoc., Vol. XII, No. 4. 1922.Google Scholar
35.Lilljeborg, W.Cladocera Sueciæ. Nova Acta Eeg. Soc. Sci. Upsalaiensis (3), Vol. XIX. 1900.Google Scholar
36.Lohmann, H. Untersuchungen … an Plankton. Wissensch. Meere. 1908.Google Scholar
37.Lohmann, H.Das Nannoplankton. Inter. Rev. d. g. Hydrobiol. u. Hydrogr. Bd. IV, Heft. 1. 1911.Google Scholar
38.Lohmann, H. Untersuchungen uber des Pflanzen- und Tierleben … der Deutschland. Sonder-Abdruck a. d. Sitz. d. Gesell. Natur., No. 2a. 1912.Google Scholar
39.Lohmann, H. Die Probleme der Moderne Plankton. Forschung. Verhand. der Deutschen Zool. Ges. a. d. zweiundz. Jahres zu Halle. 1912.Google Scholar
40.McIntosh, W. C. On the Pelagic Fauna of St. Andrew's Bay during 1888. 8th Ann. Rep. Fish. Bd. for Scot.Google Scholar
41.McMurrich, J. P. The Winter Plankton in the Neighbourhood of St. Andrews (New Brunswick). Contribs. to Canadian Biology. 1915–1916.Google Scholar
42.Marshall, S. M.A Survey of Clyde Plankton. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., Vol. XLV, Part II, No. 12. 1924–1925.Google Scholar
43.Marshall, and Orr, . The Relation of the Plankton to some Chemical and Physical Factors in the Clyde Sea Area. Journ. Mar. Biol. Assoc., N.S., Vol. XIV, No. 4. 1927.Google Scholar
44.Meek, A. A Study in Plankton. Northumberland Sea-Fish. Comm. Rep. 1899.Google Scholar
45.Meek, A.Plankton Investigations, 1921–22—Introduction. Dove Marine Lab. Rep., N.S., XII. 1923.Google Scholar
46.Meek, A.The Currents of the East Coast. Dove Marine Lab. Rep., N.S., XV. 1926.Google Scholar
47.Meek, A. On Sagitta elegans … Parasite. Proc. Zool. Soc, Part 3. 1928.Google Scholar
48.Michael, E. L. The Effect of Upwelling Water upon the Organic Fertility of the Sea … California. Spec. Pub. Bernice P. Bishop Museum, No. 7, 1921.Google Scholar
49.Moberg, E. G.The Phosphate, Silica and Fixed Nitrogen Content of Sea-Water. Proc. 3rd Pan-Pacific Sci. Congress, Tokyo. 1926.Google Scholar
50.Miller, P. E. Notes sur les Cladoceres des Grands Lacs de la Suisse.Google Scholar
51.Norman, and Brady, . The Crustacea of Northumberland and Durham. Trans. Nat. Hist. Soc. Northd., Durham and Ncle/Tyne (N.S.), Vol. III, Part II. 1909.Google Scholar
52.Norman, A Monograph of the British Entomostraca … Families Bosrninidæ … Nat. Hist. Trans. Northd. aad Durham, Vol. I. 1865–1867.Google Scholar
53.Olofsson, O.Studien uber die Susswasserfauna Spitzbergens. Zool. Bidr. Upsala Bd. 6. 1918.Google Scholar
54.Ostenfeld, C. H. Catalogue des Éspèces … Mai, 1905. Publ. de Circ, No. 33. 1906.Google Scholar
55.Ostenfeld, C. H. Halosphæra and Flagellata, in Conseil Perm. Intern. Bull. Trimest., Part I. 1910.Google Scholar
56.Ostenfeld, C. H. Catalogues des Éspèces … de Decembre 1911. Publ. de Circ, No. 70. 1916.Google Scholar
57.Orr, A. P.The Nitrite Content of Sea-Water. Journ. Mar. Biol. Assoc., Vol. XIV, No. 1. 1926.Google Scholar
58.Rammner, W. Crustacea, Phyllopoda. Tierwelt der Nord- und Ostsee. 1930.Google Scholar
59.Russell, F. S.The Vertical Distribution of Plankton in the Sea. Biol. Rev., Vol. II, No. 3. 1927.Google Scholar
60.Russell, F. S., and Yonge, C. M.The Seas. Warne and Co. 1928.Google Scholar
61.Savage, R. E.The Plankton of a Herring Ground. M.A.F. Fish. Invest., Ser. II, Vol. IX, No. 1. 1926.Google Scholar
62.Schrader, F.The Cytology of Pseudo-Sexual Eggs in a Species of Daphnia. Sonderd. a. d. Zeitsch. f. Induct. Abstam, u. Vererb., Bd. XL, Heft. 1/2. 1925.Google Scholar
63.Schull, A. F.Determination of Types … Cladocera. Cambridge Phil. Soc. Biol. Rev., Vol. IV, No. 3. 1929.Google Scholar
64.Scott, A. The Plankton in the Spawning Ponds at Port Erin. Rep. Lanes. Sea-fish. Lab. 1924.Google Scholar
65.Scott, T. On the Distribution of the Pelagic Invertebrate Fauna of the Firth of Forth during 1889 to 1895. 16th Ann. Rep. Fish. Bd. Scot. 1897.Google Scholar
66.Scott, T. Some Observations on the Distribution of the Smaller Crustacea. Trans. Edin. Field Nat. and Micro. Soc. 1903.Google Scholar
67.Scott, T. The Marine Invertebrate Fauna of Loch Fyne. 1897.Google Scholar
68.Scott, T.A Report on the Free-Swimming Crustacea taken in the Firth of Clyde, 1901–1902. Proc. Roy. Soc. Edin., XXV, Part II. 1905.Google Scholar
69.Scourfield, D. J. A Hyaline Daphnid. Annual of Microscopy. 1900.Google Scholar
70.Scourfield, D. J.The Entomostraca of Wanstead Park. Journ. Quekett Micros. Club, Vol. V, Ser. II. 1893.Google Scholar
71.Scourfield, D. J.The Entomostraca of Epping Forest. Essex Naturalist, Vol. X. 1898.Google Scholar
72.Sharpe, R. W.Notes on the Marine Copepoda and Cladocera of Woods Hole … Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Vol. 38. 1910.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
73.Smith, G.. The Life-Cycle of Cladocera … Crustacea. Proc. Roy. Soc., B. 88. 1915.Google Scholar
74.Southern, and Gardiner, . A Preliminary Account … of the Plankton of Lough Derg. Sonderd. a. Intern. Rev. d. g. Hydrobiol. u. Hydrogr., Bd. XV, Heft. 5/6. 1926.Google Scholar
75.Stebbing, T. R. R.Biscayan Plankton—The Amphipoda and Cladocera. Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., Ser. 2, Vol. X. 1896.Google Scholar
76.Storrow, B.Biological Investigations, Surface Life. Dove Marine Lab. Rep., N.S., II. 1913.Google Scholar
77.Storrow, B.Cullercoats Herring … Fluctuations. Proc. Univ. Durham Phil. Soc., Vol. VIII, Part 3. 1930.Google Scholar
78.Strohl, J.Die Biologie von Polyphemus pediculus und die Generationszylen der Cladocera. Zool. anz. XXXII. 1908.Google Scholar
79.Thiebaud, and Favre, . Contributions a l'Étude de la Faune des Eaux du Jura. Ann. de Biologie Lacustre, Tome 1, Fas. 1. 1906.Google Scholar
80.Tizard, T. H.The Tides and Tidal Streams of the British Isles … France. 1909.Google Scholar
81.Ward, and Whipple, . Fresh-Water Biology. 1918.Google Scholar
82.Ward, and Whipple, . Microscopy of Water.Google Scholar
83.Welch, P. S. Limnological Investigations on Northern Michigan Lakes. Michigan Acad. Sci. Arts and Letters. 1927.Google Scholar
84.Weldon, W. F. R. Crustacea—Cladocera, in the Cambridge Nat. Hist.Google Scholar
85.Winkler, H. Verbreitung und Ursache der Parthenogenesis. Fischer, Jena.Google Scholar
86.Woltereck, E.Veranderung der Sexualitat bei Daphniden. Intern. Rev. d. g. Hydrobiol. u. Hydrogr., Bd. IV, Heft. 1/2. 1911.Google Scholar
87.Woltereck, E.Funktion, Herkunft … Cladoceren. Zoologica 67. 1913.Google Scholar
88.Woltereck, E. Grundzuge einer Allgemeinen Biologie. 1913.Google Scholar
89.Wright, R. R. The Plankton of Eastern Nova Scotia Waters. Contribs. to Canadian Biology. 1907.Google Scholar