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First record of the Indo-Pacific sponge genus Rhaphidhistia (Demospongiae, Hadromerida, Trachycladidae) from the Caribbean Sea, with description of a new species

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2013

Christian M. Díaz  and
Sven Zea
Christian M. Díaz*
Affiliation:
Museo de Historia Natural Marina de Colombia, Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras — INVEMAR, Calle 25#2-55, Rodadero, Santa Marta, Colombia
Sven Zea
Affiliation:
Centro de Estudios en Ciencias del Mar — CECIMAR, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Caribe, c/o INVEMAR, Calle 25#2-55, Rodadero, Santa Marta, Colombia
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: C.M. Díaz, Calle 25 No. 2-55, Playa Salguero, Santa Marto D.T.C.H., Colombia email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Exploration of continental shelves may produce unexpected faunal records. In shelf waters of La Guajira peninsula, Colombia, in the northern tip of South America, southern Caribbean Sea, we found a new species of Rhaphidhistia (Demospongiae, Hadromerida, Trachycladidae) a genus previously thought to be restricted to the Indo-Pacific Ocean. Rhaphidhistia guajiraensis sp. nov. is thickly encrusting, agglutinating bottom debris; it possesses asymmetric oxea as megascleres (465–757 μm by 6.3–17.5 μm) and spiraster-like spinispirae (15–37 μm by 2–5 μm). It is closely similar to the type species of the genus, R. spectabilis Carter, 1879, both standing apart from a third species, R. mirabilis (Dendy, 1924), thus conforming a natural group whose taxonomic placement needs to be reassessed. There are numerous cases of sponge genera with sister species in the Indo-Pacific and the Atlantic Oceans, possibly split since the Tethys Sea breakup; owing to their restricted or deep distribution, they are just starting to be discovered.

Keywords

Poriferaexpanded distributionAtlantic speciesColombian CaribbeanLa Guajira
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 94 , Issue 2 , March 2014 , pp. 255 - 259
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2013 

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