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Do trematode parasites affect cockle (Cerastoderma edule) secondary production and elimination?

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 May 2009

Meriame Gam ,
Xavier de Montaudouin  and
Hocein Bazairi
Meriame Gam
Affiliation:
Université Hassan II Aïn Chock, Faculté des Sciences, Km7 Route El Jadida, Casablanca, Morocco
Xavier de Montaudouin*
Affiliation:
Station Marine d'Arcachon, UMR EPOC 5805 Université Bordeaux 1–CNRS, 2 rue du Pr Jolyet, F-33120 Arcachon, France
Hocein Bazairi
Affiliation:
Université Hassan II Aïn Chock, Faculté des Sciences, Km7 Route El Jadida, Casablanca, Morocco
*
Correspondence should be addressed to: X. de Montaudouin, Station Marine d'Arcachon, UMR EPOC 5805Université Bordeaux 1–CNRS2 rue du Pr Jolyet, F-33120 ArcachonFrance email: [email protected]
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Abstract

Digenean trematodes are omnipresent in the cockle Cerastoderma edule, a common coastal bivalve of (semi-)sheltered north-eastern Atlantic coasts. They can use their host as a second intermediate host where they remain in a relatively latent stage as metacercariae. Cockle population dynamics and trematode parasite load were monitored for two years in two sites, Arcachon (France) and Merja Zerga (Morocco) for the cockle cohort of 2005. Individual growth was slightly higher at Arcachon than at Merja Zerga (Von Bertalanffy parameters: K = 1.5 yr−1 in both sites but L∞ = 31.2 mm at Merja Zerga against 38.3 mm at Arcachon). Production during cockle life was twice as high at Merja Zerga (48.5 compared to 22.2 gDW.m−2 at Arcachon). Elimination compensated production at Merja Zerga while elimination was low at Arcachon (8.1 gDW.m−2) due to sediment dynamics which concentrated cockles within the sampling area. P/B was similar in both sites (2.4–2.6 yr−1) while E/B was higher at Merja Zerga (2.2 yr−1 versus 1.0 yr−1). Trematode communities were similar in both sites in terms of species and abundance. During the cockle cohort lifespan, there were 3 to 5 events in the parasite abundance survey that suggested parasite-dependent mortality. At Merja Zerga, trematodes metacercariae did not affect P/B (2.4 yr−1) but increased E/B (+14%). At Arcachon, they also had no effect on P/B (2.6 yr−1) but on the contrary increased E/B (+20%). The threshold of metacercariae abundance beyond which cockles are affected was lower for Echinostomatid trematodes at Merja Zerga, suggesting an interaction with other factors such as temperature which is higher at the southern limit of cockle distribution.

Keywords

trematode parasitesCerastoderma edulesecondary productionelimination
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 89 , Issue 7 , November 2009 , pp. 1395 - 1402
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 2009

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