Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-hc48f Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-22T17:54:49.021Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Development, Growth, and Survival of Lepeophtheirus Salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) Under Laboratory Conditions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 May 2009

S. C. Johnson  and
L. J. Albright
L. J. Albright
Affiliation:
Institute for Aquaculture Research, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, V5 S6, Canada
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Extract

Development, growth, and survival data derived from laboratory experiments are provided for Lepeophtheirus salmonis, a common ectoparasite of wild and sea-farmed salmonids. The mean development time of eggs was 419·1 hours (17·5 days) at 5°C, 207·1 hours (8·6 days) at 10°C, and 130·8 hours (5·5 days) at 15°C. Development from the first nauplius to the infectious copepodid stage took 222·3 hours (9·3 days) at 5°C, 87·4 hours (3·6 days) at 10°C, and 44·8 (1·9 days) hours at 15°C. Development from the egg to the adult male took 40 days, and from the egg to the adult female 52 days at 10°C. No egg development occurred at 10‰ salinity. At 15‰ eggs developed but failed to produce active nauplii. At higher salinities (20–3‰) active nauplii were produced, but copepodids were only obtained at 30‰. Copepodids survived for less than 1 day in waters with a salinity of 10‰ or less. At higher salinities (15–30‰) and temperatures of 5,10, and 15°C average survival times ranged between 2 and 8 days.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom , Volume 71 , Issue 2 , May 1991 , pp. 425 - 436
Copyright
Copyright © Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Anstensrud, M. 1989. Experimental studies of the reproductive behaviour of the parasitic copepod Lernaeocera branchialis (Pennellidae). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 69, 465–476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anstensrud, M. 1990. Mating strategies of two parasitic copepods [{Lernaeocera branchialis (L.) (Pennellidae) and Lepeophtheirus pectoralis (Müller) (Caligidae)] on flounder: polygamy, sex-specific age at maturity and sex ratio. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 136, 141–158.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Benhassine, O.K. 1983. Les Copépodes Parasites dePoissons Mugilidaeen Mediterannee Occidentale (Côtes Francoises et Tunisiennes). Morphologie, Bio-écologie, Cycles Évolutifs. PhD dissertation, Academie de Montpellier, Universite des Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, Montpellier, France.Google Scholar
Berger, V.Ja. 1970. The effect of marine water of different salinity on Lepeophtheirus salmonis ectoparasite of salmon. Parazitologiya (Leningrad), 4,136–138.Google Scholar
Box, G.E.P.Hunter, W.G. & Hunter, J.S. 1978. Statistics for Experimenters. An Introduction to Design, Data Analysis, and Model Building. New York: John Wiley and Sons.Google Scholar
Brandal, P.O. & Egidius, E. 1979. Treatment of salmon lice (Lepeophtheirus salmonis Krayer, 1838) with Neguvon - description of method and equipment. Aquaculture, 18,183–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brandal, P.O.Egidius, E. & Romslo, I. 1976. Host blood: a major food component for the parasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis, Krøyer, 1838 (Crustacea: Caligidae). Norwegian Journalof Zoology, 24,341–343.Google Scholar
Edmondson, W.T. 1965. Reproductive rate of planktonic rotifers as related to food and temperature in nature. Ecological Monographs, 35, 61–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hahnenkamp, L. & Fyhn, H.J. 1985. The response of salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae), during the transition from sea water to fresh water. Journal of Comparative Physiology, 155B, 357–365.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hartnoll, R.G. 1982. Growth. In The Biology of Crustacea, vol 2. Embryology, Morphology and Genetics (ed. L.G., Abele), pp. 111–196. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Hogans, W.E. & Trudeau, D.J. 1989. Preliminary studies on the biology of sea lice, Caligus elongatus, Caligus curtus and Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligoida) parasitic on cage-cultured salmonids in the Lower Bay of Fundy. Canadian Technical Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, no. 1715,14 pp.Google Scholar
Izawa, K. 1969. Life history of Caligus spinosus Yamaguti, 1939, obtained from cultured Yellow tail Seriola quinqueradiata T & S (Crustacea: Caligoida). Report of the Faculty of Fisheries, Prefectural University of Mie. Tsu, 6,127–157.Google Scholar
Johannessen, A. 1978. Early stages of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda, Caligidae). Sarsia, 63,169–176.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kabata, Z. & Cousens, B. 1973. Life cycle of Salmincola californiensis (Dana 1852) (Copepoda: Lernaeopodidae). Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 30, 881–903.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kabata, Z. 1974. Mouth and mode of feeding of Caligidae (Copepoda), parasites of fishes, as determined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 31,1583–1588.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kabata, Z. 1979. Parasitic Copepoda of British Fishes. London: The Ray Society.Google Scholar
Kabata, Z. 1988. Copepoda and Branchiura. In Guide to the Parasites of Fishes ofCanada Part II. Crustacea(ed. Margolis, L. and Kabata, Z.) Canadian Special Publication of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 101, 3–127.Google Scholar
Landry, M.R. 1983. The development of marine calanoid copepods with comment on the isochronal rule. Limnology and Oceanography, 28, 614–624.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lewis, A.G. 1963. Life history of the caligid copepod Lepeophtheirus dissimulatus Wilson, 1905 (Crustacea: Caligoida). Pacific Science, 17,195–242.Google Scholar
Lopez, G. 1976. Redescription and ontogeny of Lepeophtheirus kareii Yamaguti, 1936 (Copepoda, Caligoida). Crustaceana, 31, 203–207.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nagasawa, K. 1987. Prevalence and abundance of Lepeophtheirus salmonis (Copepoda: Caligidae) on high-seas salmon and trout in the North Pacific Ocean. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi (Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Scientific Fisheries), 53, 2151–2156.Google Scholar
Pike, A.W. 1989. Sea lice - major pathogens of farmed Atlantic salmon. Parasitology Today, 5,291–297.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Schram, T.A. 1979. The life history of the eye-maggot of the sprat, Lernaeenicus sprattae (Sowerby) (Copepoda, Lernaeoceridae). Sarsia, 64, 279–316.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schram, T.A. & Anstensrud, M. 1985. Lernaeenicus sprattae (Sowerby) larvae in the Oslofjord plankton and some laboratory experiment with the nauplius and copepodid (Copepoda, Pennellidae). Sarsia, 70,127–134.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Threlkeld, S.T. 1979. Estimating cladoceran birth rates: the importance of egg mortality and egg age distribution. Limnology and Oceanography, 24, 601–612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tully, O. 1989. The succession of generations and growth of the caligid copepods Caligus elongatus and Lepeophtheirus salmonis parasitising farmed Atlantic salmon smolts (Salmo salar L.). Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 69, 279–287.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Voth, D.R. 1972. Life History of the Caligid Copepod Lepeophtheirus hospitalis fraser, 1920 (Crustacea, Caligoida). PhD dissertation, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.Google Scholar
White, H.C. 1940. ‘Sea lice’ (Lepeophtheirus) and death of salmon. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada, 5,172–175.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitfield, P.J.Pilcher, M.W.Grant, H.J. & Riley, J. 1988. Experimental studies on the development of Lernaeocera branchialis (Copepoda: Pennellidae): population processes from egg production to maturation on the flatfish host. Hydrobiologia, 167/168, 579–586.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wootten, R.Smith, J.W. & Needham, E.A. 1982. Aspects of the biology of the parasitic copepods Lepeophtheirus salmonis and Caligus elongatus on farmed salmonids, and their treatment. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (B), 81,185–197.Google Scholar
Zar, J.H. 1984. Biostatistical Analysis. New Jersey: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar