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Phonetics of Tongan stress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 March 2015

Marc Garellek  and
James White
Marc Garellek
Affiliation:
Department of Linguistics, University of California, San Diego [email protected]
James White
Affiliation:
Department of Linguistics, University College London [email protected]
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Abstract

In this study, we determine the acoustic correlates of primary and secondary stress in Tongan. Vowels with primary stress show differences in f0, intensity, duration, F1, and spectral measures compared to unstressed vowels, but a linear discriminant analysis suggests f0 and duration are the best cues for discriminating vowels with primary stress from unstressed vowels. Vowels with secondary stress are mainly marked by differences in f0 relative to unstressed vowels. With regard to the effects of stress on the vowel space, we find that all five Tongan vowels are higher in the vowel space (have lower F1) when unstressed. Moreover, there is no reduction in the overall size of the vowel space. We interpret this pattern as evidence that unstressed vowels in Tongan are not prone to centralization, vowel reduction, or undershoot. The results, however, are consistent with a sonority expansion account (Beckman, Edwards & Fletcher 1992), whereby stressed vowels are lowered to enhance sonority.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Phonetic Association , Volume 45 , Issue 1 , April 2015 , pp. 13 - 34
Copyright
Copyright © International Phonetic Association 2015 

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