Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T02:20:38.457Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The case for the epsilon symbol (ε) in RP dress

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 December 2007

Holger Schmitt*
Affiliation:
Department of Foreign Languages University of [email protected]

Abstract

In this article, I will argue for the use of the epsilon symbol in the lexical dress set (which includes words like step, ready, said, shelf etc.) for RP. The need for this paper arises from the fact that many, but by no means all, dictionaries and linguistic treatises employ the [ē] symbol and that this symbol is neither the most accurate nor a particularly useful one, especially for foreign learners of English. An examination of current usage and its historical rationale (or lack thereof) is followed by articulatory and perceptual evidence for the dress vowel being close to the third cardinal vowel, more practical arguments, and a discussion of the issues raised.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © Journal of the International Phonetic Association 2007

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

cardinal, vowels. (2001). http://www.let.uu.nl/~audiufon/data/e_cardinal_vowels.html (accessed 30 August 2006).Google Scholar
Collins, Beverley & Mees, Inger M. (2003). Practical Phonetics and Phonology. Abingdon: Routledge.Google Scholar
Deterding, David. (1997). The formants of monophthong vowels in Standard Southern British English pronunciation. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 27, 4755.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Deterding, David. (2005). Emergent patterns in the vowels of Singapore English. English World-Wide 26 (2), 179197.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gimson, Alfred Charles. (1962). An Introduction to the Pronunciation of English. London: Arnold.Google Scholar
Hawkins, Sarah & Midgley, Jonathan. (2005). Formant frequencies of RP monophthongs in four age groups of speakers. Journal of the International Phonetic Association 35 (2), 183199.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hubmayer, Karl. (1980). Lautveränderungen im gegenwärtigen Englisch: eine experimentalphonetische Studie zur lautlichen Performanz der “Received Pronunciation”. Wien: VWGÖ.Google Scholar
Hughes, Arthur & Trudgill, Peter. (1996). English Accents and Dialects: An Introduction to Social and Regional Varieties of English in the British Isles (3rd edn.). London: Arnold.Google Scholar
IPA – The International Phonetic Association. (1999). Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Jones, Daniel. (1917). An English Pronouncing Dictionary: ≪On Strictly Phonetic Principles≫. London: Dent.Google Scholar
Jones, Daniel. (1956). Everyman's English Pronouncing Dictionary: Containing Over 58,000 Words in International Phonetic Transcription (11th edn.). London: Dent.Google Scholar
Upton, Clive. (2004). Received Pronunciation. In Schneider, Edgar, Burridge, Kate, Kortmann, Bernd, Mesthrie, Rajend & Upton, Clive (eds.), A Handbook of Varieties of English (vol. 1): Phonology, 217230. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.Google Scholar
Upton, Clive, Kretzschmar, William A. & Konopka, Rafael. (2003). The Oxford Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wells, John. (1982). Accents of English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wells, John. (2001). IPA transcription systems for English. http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/wells/ipa-english-uni.htm (accessed 12 March 2007).Google Scholar