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Validation of the Brief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS) in the Russian Population

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 June 2021

Evgeniy Evdoshenko Open the ORCID record for Evgeniy Evdoshenko [Opens in a new window] ,
Kristina Laskova ,
Maria Shumilina ,
Ekaterina Nekrashevich ,
Maria Andreeva ,
Nikolay Neofidov ,
Ivan Kalinin Open the ORCID record for Ivan Kalinin [Opens in a new window] ,
Daria Nikitchenko ,
Anna Rogozina  and
Alina Kupaeva
...Show all authors
Evgeniy Evdoshenko*
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Kristina Laskova
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Maria Shumilina
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Ekaterina Nekrashevich
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Maria Andreeva
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Nikolay Neofidov
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Ivan Kalinin
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Daria Nikitchenko
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Anna Rogozina
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Alina Kupaeva
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Ilya Bulanov
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
Christos Bakirtzis
Affiliation:
The Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Nicolaos Grigoriadis
Affiliation:
The Multiple Sclerosis Center, 2nd Department of Neurology, AHEPA University Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
Natalia Khachanova
Affiliation:
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
Maria Davydovskaya
Affiliation:
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia State Budgetary Institution of Moscow City “Clinical Trials and Healthcare Technology Assessment Scientific Research Centre of Moscow Department of Healthcare”, Moscow, Russia
Gleb Makshakov
Affiliation:
SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital #31), St. Petersburg, Russia
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Evgeniy Evdoshenko, MD, SPb Center of Multiple Sclerosis and AID (SBIH City Clinical Hospital No. 31), 197110, 11 Dinamo Ave, St. Petersburg, Russia. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Objective:

Cognitive dysfunction is common in multiple sclerosis (MS). The Brief International Cognitive Assessment for MS (BICAMS) battery of tests has been suggested as a measure for the evaluation of the cognitive status of MS patients. This study aims to validate the BICAMS battery in the Russian population of MS patients.

Methods:

Age- and sex-matched MS patients (n = 98) and healthy individuals (n = 86) were included in the study. Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), California Verbal Learning Test, 2nd edition (CVLT-II) and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test – Revised (BVMT-R) were administered to all participants. The battery was readministered 1 month later to 44 MS patients to investigate the test–retest reliability.

Results:

MS patients exhibited a significantly lower performance in testing with BICAMS than the control group in all three neuropsychological tests. Test–retest reliability was good for SDMT and CVLT-II (r = .82 and r = .85, respectively) and adequate for BVMT-R (r = .70). Based on the proposed criterion for impairment as z score below 1.5 SD the mean of the control group, we found that 34/98 (35%) of MS patients were found impaired at least in one cognitive domain. Patients with Expanded Disability Status Scale score ≥3.5 performed significantly worse than controls (SDMT, p < .0001; CVLT–II, p = .03; BVMT-R, p = .0004), while those with ≤3.0 scores did not.

Conclusion:

This study demonstrates that the BICAMS battery is a valid instrument to identify cognitive impairment in MS patients and it can be recommended for routine use in the Russian Federation.

Keywords

Multiple sclerosisCognitive dysfunctionValidation studyNeuropsychological testsPsychological testsDemyelinating diseases
Type
Regular Research
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 28 , Issue 5 , May 2022 , pp. 503 - 510
Copyright
Copyright © INS. Published by Cambridge University Press, 2021

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