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Validating the Chinese version of the Verbal Learning Test for screening Alzheimer’s disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 December 2009

CHIUNG CHIH CHANG ,
JOEL H. KRAMER ,
KER NENG LIN ,
WEN NENG CHANG ,
YA-LING WANG ,
CHI-WEI HUANG ,
YU TING LIN ,
CHING CHEN  and
PEI NING WANG
CHIUNG CHIH CHANG
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
JOEL H. KRAMER
Affiliation:
Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, California
KER NENG LIN
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Psychology, Fu Jen Catholic University, Taipei County, Taiwan, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
WEN NENG CHANG
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
YA-LING WANG
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
CHI-WEI HUANG
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
YU TING LIN
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
CHING CHEN
Affiliation:
Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
PEI NING WANG*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests to: Pei Ning Wang, Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Episodic memory tasks are one of the most sensitive tools to discriminate Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This study aimed to validate a shorter version verbal memory test that will efficiently assess Chinese elderly with memory complaints. One hundred and eighty-five elderly with normal cognition (NC) and 217 AD patients were evaluated. Each participant received the Chinese Version Verbal Learning Test (CVVLT) consisting of 9 two-character nouns with 4 learning trials, 2 delayed recalls in 30 seconds and 10 minutes, and a word recognition test. In the NC elderly, age and sex had significant effects on recall scores in CVVLT, while education level showed an inverse correlation with 3 different patterns of errors made during the learning, recall, and recognition trials. AD patients had lower scores across all recall tests. In those with lower educational level, NC elderly had higher perseveration errors than AD patients. The cutoff value between the AD and NC groups in the 10-minute recall was 4/5 for those aged >75 years and 5/6 for those aged <75 years. This study has good validity in discriminating AD participants and the data here can help in diagnosing AD and mild cognitive impairment using the CVVLT. (JINS, 2010, 16, 244–251.)

Keywords

Chinese Verbal Learning Testeducationmemorydementiacutoff valuevalidation
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 16 , Issue 2 , March 2010 , pp. 244 - 251
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2009

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