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Physical Activity Affects Brain Integrity in HIV+ Individuals

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 November 2015

Mario Ortega Open the ORCID record for Mario Ortega [Opens in a new window] ,
Laurie M. Baker ,
Florin Vaida ,
Robert Paul ,
Brian Basco  and
Beau M. Ances
Mario Ortega
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
Laurie M. Baker
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri
Florin Vaida
Affiliation:
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California
Robert Paul
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri
Brian Basco
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
Beau M. Ances*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Beau Ances, Box 8111, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Saint Louis, MO 63110. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Prior research has suggested benefits of aerobic physical activity (PA) on cognition and brain volumes in HIV uninfected (HIV-) individuals, however, few studies have explored the relationships between PA and brain integrity (cognition and structural brain volumes) in HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals. Seventy HIV+ individuals underwent neuropsychological testing, structural neuroimaging, laboratory tests, and completed a PA questionnaire, recalling participation in walking, running, and jogging activities over the last year. A PA engagement score of weekly metabolic equivalent (MET) hr of activity was calculated using a compendium of PAs. HIV+ individuals were classified as physically active (any energy expended above resting expenditure, n=22) or sedentary (n=48). Comparisons of neuropsychological performance, grouped by executive and motor domains, and brain volumes were completed between groups. Physically active and sedentary HIV+ individuals had similar demographic and laboratory values, but the active group had higher education (14.0 vs. 12.6 years, p=.034). Physically active HIV+ individuals performed better on executive (p=.040, unadjusted; p=.043, adjusted) but not motor function (p=.17). In addition, among the physically active group the amount of physical activity (METs) positively correlated with executive (Pearson’s r=0.45, p=0.035) but not motor (r=0.21; p=.35) performance. In adjusted analyses the physically active HIV+ individuals had larger putamen volumes (p=.019). A positive relationship exists between PA and brain integrity in HIV+ individuals. Results from the present study emphasize the importance to conduct longitudinal interventional investigation to determine if PA improves brain integrity in HIV+ individuals. (JINS, 2015, 21, 880–889)

Keywords

HIVExerciseNeuropsychology performanceBrain volumeMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Putamen
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 21 , Special Issue 10: Physical Activity and Brain Plasticity , November 2015 , pp. 880 - 889
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2015 

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