Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-2plfb Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T06:44:19.494Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Paradigm Shifts in the Neuropsychology of Epilepsy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 December 2017

Bruce Hermann ,
David W. Loring  and
Sarah Wilson
Bruce Hermann*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison Wisconsin
David W. Loring
Affiliation:
Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Georgia
Sarah Wilson
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Melbourne University, Melbourne, Australia
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Bruce Hermann, Department of Neurology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 750 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI 53726. E-mail: [email protected]
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

This article reviews the major paradigm shifts that have occurred in the area of the application of clinical and experimental neuropsychology to epilepsy and epilepsy surgery since the founding of the International Neuropsychological Society. The five paradigm shifts discussed include: 1) The neurobiology of cognitive disorders in epilepsy – expanding the landscape of syndrome-specific neuropsychological impairment; 2) pathways to comorbidities: bidirectional relationships and their clinical implications; 3) discovering quality of life: The concept, its quantification and applicability; 4) outcomes of epilepsy surgery: challenging conventional wisdom; and 5) Iatrogenic effects of treatment: cognitive and behavioral effects of antiepilepsy drugs. For each area we characterize the status of knowledge, the key developments that have occurred, and how they have altered our understanding of the epilepsies and their management. We conclude with a brief overview of where we believe the field will be headed in the next decade which includes changes in assessment paradigms, moving from characterization of comorbidities to interventions; increasing development of new measures, terminology and classification; increasing interest in neurodegenerative proteins; transitioning from clinical seizure features to modifiable risk factors; and neurobehavioral phenotypes. Overall, enormous progress has been made over the lifespan of the INS with promise of ongoing improvements in understanding of the cognitive and behavioral complications of the epilepsies and their treatment. (JINS, 2017, 23, 791–805)

Keywords

EpilepsyNeuropsychologyBehavior
Type
Section 2 – Neurological Disorders
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 23 , Special Issue 9-10: Special Issue: Commemoration of the 50th Anniversary of the International Neuropsychological Society , October 2017 , pp. 791 - 805
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

REFERENCES

Abbott, D.F., Waites, A.B., Lillywhite, L.M., & Jackson, G.D. (2010). fMRI assessment of language lateralization: An objective approach. NeuroImage, 50(4), 1446–1455. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2010.01.059 Google Scholar
Adams, J., Alipio-Jocson, V., Inoyama, K., Bartlett, V., Sandhu, S., Oso, J., & Meador, K. (2017). Methylphenidate, cognition, and epilepsy: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose study. Neurology, 88(5), 470–476. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003564 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Agah, E., Asgari-Rad, N., Ahmadi, M., Tafakhori, A., & Aghamollaii, V. (2017). Evaluating executive function in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy using the frontal assessment battery. Epilepsy Research, 133, 22–27. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.03.011 Google Scholar
Alhusaini, S., Doherty, C.P., Scanlon, C., Ronan, L., Maguire, S., Borgulya, G., & Cavalleri, G.L. (2012). A cross-sectional MRI study of brain regional atrophy and clinical characteristics of temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Epilepsy Research, 99(1-2), 156–166. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.11.005 Google Scholar
Alhusaini, S., Whelan, C.D., Doherty, C.P., Delanty, N., Fitzsimons, M., & Cavalleri, G.L. (2016). Temporal cortex morphology in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients and their asymptomatic siblings. Cerebral Cortex, 26, 1234–1241. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhu315 Google Scholar
Aronu, A.E., & Iloeje, S.O. (2011). Behavioral problems of siblings of epileptic children in Enugu. Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice, 14(2), 132–136. doi: 10.4103/1119-3077.84000 Google Scholar
Austin, J.K., Harezlak, J., Dunn, D.W., Huster, G.A., Rose, D.F., & Ambrosius, W.T. (2001). Behavior problems in children before first recognized seizures. Pediatrics, 107(1), 115–122.Google Scholar
Badawy, R.A., Vogrin, S.J., Lai, A., & Cook, M.J. (2013). Capturing the epileptic trait: Cortical excitability measures in patients and their unaffected siblings. Brain, 136(Pt 4), 1177–1191. doi: 10.1093/brain/awt047 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baker, G.A. (1998). Quality of life and epilepsy: The Liverpool experience. Clinical Therapeutics, 20(Suppl A), A2–A12.Google Scholar
Baker, G.A., Jacoby, A., Buck, D., Stalgis, C., & Monnet, D. (1997). Quality of life of people with epilepsy: A European study. Epilepsia, 38(3), 353–362.Google Scholar
Baker, G.A., Smith, D.F., Dewey, M., Jacoby, A., & Chadwick, D.W. (1993). The initial development of a health-related quality of life model as an outcome measure in epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 16(1), 65–81.Google Scholar
Baker, G.A., Taylor, J., Aldenkamp, A.P., & SANAD group. (2011). Newly diagnosed epilepsy: Cognitive outcome after 12 months. Epilepsia, 52(6), 1084–1091. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03043.x Google Scholar
Barnes, D.E., & Yaffe, K. (2011). The projected effect of risk factor reduction on Alzheimer’s disease prevalence. Lancet Neurology, 10(9), 819–828. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70072-2 Google Scholar
Barr, W.B. (1997). Examining the right temporal lobe’s role in nonverbal memory. Brain and Cognition, 35, 26–41.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baxendale, S., McGrath, K., Donnachie, E., Wintle, S., Thompson, P., & Heaney, D. (2015). The role of obesity in cognitive dysfunction in people with epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 45, 187–190. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.01.032 Google Scholar
Baxendale, S. (2009). The Wada test. Current Opinion in Neurology, 22(2), 185–189. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0b013e328328f32e Google Scholar
Baxendale, S., Sisodiya, S.M., Thompson, P.J., Free, S.L., Kitchen, N.D., Stevens, J.M., & Shorvon, S.D. (1999). Disproportion in the distribution of gray and white matter: Neuropsychological correlates. Neurology, 52(2), 248–252.Google Scholar
Baxendale, S., & Thompson, P. (2010). Beyond localization: The role of traditional neuropsychological tests in an age of imaging. Epilepsia, 51(11), 2225–2230. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02710.x Google Scholar
Baxendale, S.A., Thompson, P.J., & Duncan, J.S. (2008). Evidence-based practice: A reevaluation of the intracarotid amobarbital procedure (Wada test). Archives of Neurology, 65(6), 841–845. doi: 10.1001/archneur.65.6.841 Google Scholar
Bell, B., Lin, J.J., Seidenberg, M., & Hermann, B. (2011). The neurobiology of cognitive disorders in temporal lobe epilepsy. Nature Reviews. Neurology, 7(3), 154–164. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2011.3 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bell, B.D., Hermann, B.P., Woodard, A.R., Jones, J.E., Rutecki, P.A., Sheth, R., & Seidenberg, M. (2001). Object naming and semantic knowledge in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuropsychology, 15(4), 434–443.Google Scholar
Benke, T., Kuen, E., Schwarz, M., & Walser, G. (2013). Proper name retrieval in temporal lobe epilepsy: Naming of famous faces and landmarks. Epilepsy Behavior, 27(2), 371–377. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.02.013 Google Scholar
Berg, A.T., Berkovic, S.F., Brodie, M.J., Buchhalter, J., Cross, J.H., van Emde Boas, W., & Scheffer, I.E. (2010). Revised terminology and concepts for organization of seizures and epilepsies: Report of the ILAE Commission on Classification and Terminology, 2005-2009. Epilepsia, 51(4), 676–685. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02522.x Google Scholar
Berg, A.T., Smith, S.N., Frobish, D., Levy, S.R., Testa, F.M., Beckerman, B., && Shinnar, S. (2005). Special education needs of children with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 47(11), 749–753.Google Scholar
Berl, M.M., Zimmaro, L.A., Khan, O.I., Dustin, I., Ritzl, E., Duke, E.S., & Gaillard, W.D. (2014). Characterization of atypical language activation patterns in focal epilepsy. Annals of Neurology, 75(1), 33–42. doi: 10.1002/ana.24015 Google Scholar
Bernhardt, B.C., Hong, S.J., Bernasconi, A., & Bernasconi, N. (2015). Magnetic resonance imaging pattern learning in temporal lobe epilepsy: Classification and prognostics. Annals of Neurology, 77(3), 436–446. doi: 10.1002/ana.24341 Google Scholar
Binder, J.R., Swanson, S.J., Hammeke, T.A., Morris, G.L., Mueller, W.M., Fischer, M., & Haughton, V.M. (1996). Determination of language dominance using functional MRI: A comparison with the Wada test. Neurology, 46(4), 978–984.Google Scholar
Binder, J.R., Swanson, S.J., Sabsevitz, D.S., Hammeke, T.A., Raghavan, M., & Mueller, W.M. (2010). A comparison of two fMRI methods for predicting verbal memory decline after left temporal lobectomy: Language lateralization versus hippocampal activation asymmetry. Epilepsia, 51(4), 618–626. doi: EPI2340 [pii]10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02340.x [doi] Google Scholar
Bladin, P.F. (1992). Psychosocial difficulties and outcome after temporal lobectomy. Epilepsia, 33(5), 898–907.Google Scholar
Blanc, F., Martinian, L., Liagkouras, I., Catarino, C., Sisodiya, S.M., & Thom, M. (2011). Investigation of widespread neocortical pathology associated with hippocampal sclerosis in epilepsy: A postmortem study. Epilepsia, 52(1), 10–21. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02773.x Google Scholar
Bonelli, S.B., Powell, R.H., Yogarajah, M., Samson, R.S., Symms, M.R., Thompson, P.J., & Duncan, J.S. (2010). Imaging memory in temporal lobe epilepsy: Predicting the effects of temporal lobe resection. Brain, 133(Pt 4), 1186–1199. doi: awq006 [pii]10.1093/brain/awq006 [doi] CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Braakman, H.M., Ijff, D.M., Vaessen, M.J., Debeij-van Hall, M.H., Hofman, P.A., Backes, W.H., & Aldenkamp, A.P. (2012). Cognitive and behavioural findings in children with frontal lobe epilepsy. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology, 16(6), 707–715. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2012.05.003 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Braakman, H.M., Vaessen, M.J., Jansen, J.F., Debeij-van Hall, M.H., de Louw, A., Hofman, P.A., & Backes, W.H. (2014). Pediatric frontal lobe epilepsy: White matter abnormalities and cognitive impairment. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 129(4), 252–262. doi: 10.1111/ane.12183 Google Scholar
Braakman, H.M., Vaessen, M.J., Jansen, J.F., Debeij-van Hall, M.H., de Louw, A., Hofman, P.A., & Backes, W.H. (2015). Aetiology of cognitive impairment in children with frontal lobe epilepsy. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 131(1), 17–29. doi: 10.1111/ane.12283 Google Scholar
Breuer, L.E., Grevers, E., Boon, P., Bernas, A., Bergmans, J.W., Besseling, R.M., & Aldenkamp, A.P. (2017). Cognitive deterioration in adult epilepsy: Clinical characteristics of “Accelerated Cognitive Ageing”. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 136, 47–53. doi: 10.1111/ane.12700 Google Scholar
Brodie, M.J., Mintzer, S., Pack, A.M., Gidal, B.E., Vecht, C.J., & Schmidt, D. (2013). Enzyme induction with antiepileptic drugs: Cause for concern? Epilepsia, 54(1), 11–27. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03671.x Google Scholar
Busch, R.M., Floden, D.P., Prayson, B., Chapin, J.S., Kim, K.H., Ferguson, L., & Najm, I.M. (2016). Estimating risk of word-finding problems in adults undergoing epilepsy surgery. Neurology, 87(22), 2363–2369. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003378 Google Scholar
Busch, R.M., Frazier, T.W., Iampietro, M.C., Chapin, J.S., & Kubu, C.S. (2009). Clinical utility of the Boston Naming Test in predicting ultimate side of surgery in patients with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy: A double cross-validation study. Epilepsia, 50(5), 1270–1273. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01865.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Caller, T.A., Ferguson, R.J., Roth, R.M., Secore, K.L., Alexandre, F.P., Zhao, W., & Jobst, B.C. (2016). A cognitive behavioral intervention (HOBSCOTCH) improves quality of life and attention in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behavior, 57(Pt A), 111–117. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.01.024 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Chang, Y.A., Kemmotsu, N., Leyden, K.M., Kucukboyaci, N.E., Iragui, V.J., Tecoma, E.S., & McDonald, C.R. (2017). Multimodal imaging of language reorganization in patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain and Language, 170, 82–92. doi: 10.1016/j.bandl.2017.03.012 Google Scholar
Chelune, G.J. (1995). Hippocampal adequacy versus functional reserve: Predicting memory functions following temporal lobectomy. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 10(5), 413–432. doi: 0887-6177(95)00015-V [pii]Google Scholar
Chowdhury, F.A., Elwes, R.D., Koutroumanidis, M., Morris, R.G., Nashef, L., & Richardson, M.P. (2014). Impaired cognitive function in idiopathic generalized epilepsy and unaffected family members: An epilepsy endophenotype. Epilepsia, 55(6), 835–840. doi: 10.1111/epi.12604 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Coras, R., Pauli, E., Li, J., Schwarz, M., Rossler, K., Buchfelder, M., & Blumcke, I. (2014). Differential influence of hippocampal subfields to memory formation: Insights from patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain, 137(Pt 7), 1945–1957. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu100 Google Scholar
Dabbs, K., Jones, J., Seidenberg, M., & Hermann, B. (2009). Neuroanatomical correlates of cognitive phenotypes in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 15, 445–451.Google Scholar
Daviglus, M.L., Bell, C.C., Berrettini, W., Bowen, P.E., Connolly, E.S. Jr., Cox, N.J., & Trevisan, M. (2010). NIH state-of-the-science conference statement: Preventing Alzheimer’s disease and cognitive decline. NIH Consens and State-of-the-Science Statements, 27(4), 1–30.Google ScholarPubMed
Del Felice, A., Alderighi, M., Martinato, M., Grisafi, D., Bosco, A., Thompson, P.J., & Masiero, S. (2017). Memory rehabilitation strategies in nonsurgical temporal lobe epilepsy: A review. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000714 Google Scholar
Devinsky, O., Vickrey, B.G., Cramer, J., Perrine, K., Hermann, B., Meador, K., & Hays, R.D. (1995). Development of the quality of life in epilepsy inventory. Epilepsia, 36(11), 1089–1104.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Djordjevic, J. (2011). Inquiry on assessments across epilepsy centers in different cultures. In C. Helmstaedter, B. Hermann, M. Lassonde, P. Kahane & A. Arzimanoglou (Eds.), Progress in epilepstic disorders: Neuropsychology in the care of people with epilepsy. (Vol. 11, pp. 13–26). Montrouge, France: John Libbey Eurotext.Google Scholar
Dodrill, C.B., Batzel, L.W., Queisser, H.R., & Temkin, N.R. (1980). An objective method for the assessment of psychological and social problems among epileptics. Epilepsia, 21(2), 123–135.Google Scholar
Dodrill, C.B., & Matthews, C.G. (1992). The role of neuropsychology in the assessment and treatment of persons with epilepsy. The American Psychologist, 47(9), 1139–1142.Google Scholar
Dodrill, C.B., & Troupin, A.S. (1977). Psychotropic effects of carbamazepine in epilepsy: A double-blind comparison with phenytoin. Neurology, 27(11), 1023–1028.Google Scholar
Doucet, G.E., Rider, R., Taylor, N., Skidmore, C., Sharan, A., Sperling, M., && Tracy, J.I. (2015). Presurgery resting-state local graph-theory measures predict neurocognitive outcomes after brain surgery in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia, 56(4), 517–526. doi: 10.1111/epi.12936 Google Scholar
Drane, D.L., Ojemann, G.A., Aylward, E., Ojemann, J.G., Johnson, L.C., Silbergeld, D.L., & Tranel, D. (2008). Category-specific naming and recognition deficits in temporal lobe epilepsy surgical patients. Neuropsychologia, 46(5), 1242–1255. doi: S0028-3932(07)00412-5 [pii]10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2007.11.034 [doi] Google Scholar
Drane, D.L., Ojemann, J.G., Phatak, V., Loring, D.W., Gross, R.E., Hebb, A.O., & Tranel, D. (2013). Famous face identification in temporal lobe epilepsy: Support for a multimodal integration model of semantic memory. Cortex, 49(6), 1648–1667. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.08.009 Google Scholar
Elger, C.E., Helmstaedter, C., & Kurthen, M. (2004). Chronic epilepsy and cognition. Lancet Neurology, 3(11), 663–672.Google Scholar
Engel, J. (1987). Outcome with respect to epileptic seizures. In J. Engel, Jr. (Ed.), Surgical treatment of the epilepsies (pp. 553–571). New York, NY: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Engel, J. (1993). Surgical treatment of the epilepsies (2nd ed.). New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Farina, E., Raglio, A., & Giovagnoli, A.R. (2015). Cognitive rehabilitation in epilepsy: An evidence-based review. Epilepsy Research, 109, 210–218. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.10.017 Google Scholar
Farwell, J.R., Lee, Y.J., Hirtz, D.G., Sulzbacher, S.I., Ellenberg, J.H., & Nelson, K.B. (1990). Phenobarbital for febrile seizures--Effects on intelligence and on seizure recurrence. New England Journal of Medicine, 322(6), 364–369. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199002083220604 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Fastenau, P.S., Johnson, C.S., Perkins, S.M., Byars, A.W., deGrauw, T.J., Austin, J.K., && Dunn, D.W. (2009). Neuropsychological status at seizure onset in children: Risk factors for early cognitive deficits. Neurology, 73(7), 526–534. doi: WNL.0b013e3181b23551 [pii]10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181b23551 [doi]Google Scholar
Folsom, A. (1952). Psychological testing in epilepsy. Epilepsia, 1, 15–22.Google Scholar
Forsgren, L., & Nystrom, L. (1990). An incident case-referent study of epileptic seizures in adults. Epilepsy Research, 6(1), 66–81.Google Scholar
Gaillard, W.D., Balsamo, L., Xu, B., McKinney, C., Papero, P.H., Weinstein, S., & Theodore, W.H. (2004). fMRI language task panel improves determination of language dominance. Neurology, 63(8), 1403–1408.Google Scholar
Gaitatzis, A., Sisodiya, S.M., & Sander, J.W. (2012). The somatic comorbidity of epilepsy: A weighty but often unrecognized burden. Epilepsia, 53(8), 1282–1293. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03528.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gandy, M., Sharpe, L., & Perry, K.N. (2013). Cognitive behavior therapy for depression in people with epilepsy: A systematic review. Epilepsia, 54(10), 1725–1734. doi: 10.1111/epi.12345 Google Scholar
Gilliam, F., Kuzniecky, R., Meador, K., Martin, R., Sawrie, S., Viikinsalo, M., & Faught, E. (1999). Patient-oriented outcome assessment after temporal lobectomy for refractory epilepsy. Neurology, 53(4), 687–694.Google Scholar
Giovagnoli, A.R. (2014). The importance of theory of mind in epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 39, 145–153. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.05.021 Google Scholar
Glauser, T.A., Cnaan, A., Shinnar, S., Hirtz, D.G., Dlugos, D., & Masur, D., … Childhood Absence Epilepsy Study Group. (2010). Ethosuximide, valproic acid, and lamotrigine in childhood absence epilepsy. New England Journal of Medicine, 362(9), 790–799. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa0902014 Google Scholar
Glosser, G., Cole, L.C., French, J.A., Saykin, A.J., & Sperling, M.R. (1997). Predictors of intellectual performance in adults with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 3(3), 252–259.Google Scholar
Guimaraes, C.A., Li, L.M., Rzezak, P., Fuentes, D., Franzon, R.C., Augusta Montenegro, M., & Guerreiro, M.M. (2007). Temporal lobe epilepsy in childhood: Comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Journal of Child Neurology, 22(7), 836–840. doi: 22/7/836 [pii]10.1177/0883073807304701 [doi] CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamberger, M.J., & Cole, J. (2011). Language organization and reorganization in epilepsy. Neuropsychological Review, 21(3), 240–251. doi: 10.1007/s11065-011-9180-z Google Scholar
Hamed, S.A. (2014). Atherosclerosis in epilepsy: Its causes and implications. Epilepsy & Behavior, 41, 290–296. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.07.003 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hamed, S.A. (2015). Antiepileptic drugs influences on body weight in people with epilepsy. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 8(1), 103–114. doi: 10.1586/17512433.2015.991716 Google Scholar
Harnod, T., Chen, H.J., Li, T.C., Sung, F.C., & Kao, C.H. (2014). A high risk of hyperlipidemia in epilepsy patients: A nationwide population-based cohort study. Annals of Epidemiology, 24(12), 910–914. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.09.008 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Helmstaedter, C., & Witt, J.A. (2012). Clinical neuropsychology in epilepsy: Theoretical and practical issues. Handbook of Clinical Neurology, 107, 437–459. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-52898-8.00036-7 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Hermann, B.P., Lin, J.J., Jones, J.E., & Seidenberg, M. (2009). The emerging architecture of neuropsychological impairment in epilepsy. Neurology Clinics, 27(4), 881–907. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2009.08.001 Google Scholar
Hermann, B.P., Seidenberg, M., Bell, B., Rutecki, P., Sheth, R.D., Wendt, G., & Magnotta, V. (2003). Extratemporal quantitative MR volumetrics and neuropsychological status in temporal lobe epilepsy. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 9(3), 353–362. doi: 10.1017/S1355617703930013 [doi]S1355617703930013 [pii] Google Scholar
Hermann, B.P., & Stone, J.L. (1989). A historical review of the epilepsy surgery program at the University of Illinois Medical Center: The contributions of Bailey, Gibbs, and collaborators to the refinement of anterior temporal lobectomy. Journal of Epilepsy, 2, 155–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hermann, B.P., Wyler, A.R., Somes, G., Berry, A.D. III, & Dohan, F.C. Jr. (1992). Pathological status of the mesial temporal lobe predicts memory outcome from left anterior temporal lobectomy. Neurosurgery, 31(4), 652–656; discussion 656–657.Google Scholar
Hermann, B.P., Zhao, Q., Jackson, D.C., Jones, J.E., Dabbs, K., Almane, D., & Rathouz, P.J. (2016). Cognitive phenotypes in childhood idiopathic epilepsies. Epilepsy & Behavior, 61, 269–274. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.05.013 Google Scholar
Hesdorffer, D.C. (2016). Comorbidity between neurological illness and psychiatric disorders. CNS Spectrums, 21(3), 230–238. doi: 10.1017/S1092852915000929 Google Scholar
Hesdorffer, D.C., Caplan, R., & Berg, A.T. (2012). Familial clustering of epilepsy and behavioral disorders: Evidence for a shared genetic basis. Epilepsia, 53(2), 301–307. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03351.x Google Scholar
Hesdorffer, D.C., Hauser, W.A., Annegers, J.F., & Cascino, G. (2000). Major depression is a risk factor for seizures in older adults. Annals of Neurology, 47(2), 246–249.3.0.CO;2-E>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ho, N., & Lee, T. (2011). Developing epilepsy-specific international cognitive assessment: Approaches, opportunities, and limitations. In C. Helmstaedter, B. Hermann, M. Lassonde, P. Kahane, & A. Arzimanoglou (Eds.), Progress in epileptic disorders: Neuropsychology in the care of people with epilespy (Vol. 11, pp. 47–56). Montrouge, France: John Libbey Eurotext.Google Scholar
Hoare, P. (1984). The development of psychiatric disorder among schoolchildren with epilepsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 26(1), 3–13.Google Scholar
Iqbal, N., Caswell, H., Muir, R., Cadden, A., Ferguson, S., Mackenzie, H., & Duncan, S. (2015). Neuropsychological profiles of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and their siblings: An extended study. Epilepsia, 56(8), 1301–1308. doi: 10.1111/epi.13061 Google Scholar
Iqbal, N., Caswell, H.L., Hare, D.J., Pilkington, O., Mercer, S., & Duncan, S. (2009). Neuropsychological profiles of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and their siblings: A preliminary controlled experimental video-EEG case series. Epilepsy & Behavior, 14(3), 516–521. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2008.12.025 Google Scholar
Jackson, C.F., Makin, S.M., & Baker, G.A. (2015). Neuropsychological and psychological interventions for people with newly diagnosed epilepsy. Cochrane Database System Reviews, (7), CD011311. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD011311.pub2 Google Scholar
Jacoby, A., Snape, D., & Baker, G.A. (2009). Determinants of quality of life in people with epilepsy. Neurology Clinics, 27(4), 843–863. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2009.06.003 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jobst, B.C., & MEW network. (2017). A common vision and the power of collaboration: The Managing Epilepsy Well Network (MEW). Epilepsy & Behavior, 69, 184–185. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.01.023 Google Scholar
Jones, J.E., Blocher, J.B., & Jackson, D.C. (2013). Life outcomes of anterior temporal lobectomy: Serial long-term follow-up evaluations. Neurosurgery, 73(6), 1018–1025. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000145 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Jones-Gotman, M., Smith, M.L., Risse, G.L., Westerveld, M., Swanson, S.J., Giovagnoli, A.R., & Piazzini, A. (2010). The contribution of neuropsychology to diagnostic assessment in epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 18(1-2), 3–12. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.02.019 Google Scholar
Joutsa, J., Rinne, J.O., Hermann, B., Karrasch, M., Anttinen, A., Shinnar, S., && Sillanpaa, M. (2017). Association between childhood-onset epilepsy and amyloid burden 5 decades later. JAMA Neurology, 74(5), 583–590. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2016.6091 Google Scholar
Kanner, A.M. (2012). Can neurobiological pathogenic mechanisms of depression facilitate the development of seizure disorders? Lancet Neurology, 11(12), 1093–1102. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(12)70201-6 Google Scholar
Kanner, A.M., Barry, J.J., Gilliam, F., Hermann, B., & Meador, K.J. (2010). Anxiety disorders, subsyndromic depressive episodes, and major depressive episodes: Do they differ on their impact on the quality of life of patients with epilepsy? Epilepsia, 51(7), 1152–1158. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02582.x Google Scholar
Keezer, M.R., Sisodiya, S.M., & Sander, J.W. (2016). Comorbidities of epilepsy: Current concepts and future perspectives. Lancet Neurology, 15(1), 106–115. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(15)00225-2 Google Scholar
Keller, S.S., Baker, G., Downes, J.J., & Roberts, N. (2009). Quantitative MRI of the prefrontal cortex and executive function in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 15, 186–195.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Keller, S.S., O’Muircheartaigh, J., Traynor, C., Towgood, K., Barker, G.J., & Richardson, M.P. (2014). Thalamotemporal impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy: A combined MRI analysis of structure, integrity, and connectivity. Epilepsia, 55(2), 306–315. doi: 10.1111/epi.12520 Google Scholar
Keller, S.S., Richardson, M.P., O’Muircheartaigh, J., Schoene-Bake, J.C., Elger, C., & Weber, B. (2015). Morphometric MRI alterations and postoperative seizure control in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. Human Brain Mapping, 36(5), 1637–1647. doi: 10.1002/hbm.22722 Google Scholar
Keller, S.S., & Roberts, N. (2008). Voxel-based morphometry of temporal lobe epilepsy: An introduction and review of the literature. Epilepsia, 49(5), 741–757.Google Scholar
Kobau, R., Zahran, H., Thurman, D.J., Zack, M.M., Henry, T.R., Schachter, S.C., … CDC. (2008). Epilepsy surveillance among adults--19 States, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2005. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Surveillance Summaries, 57(6), 1–20.Google Scholar
Lencz, T., McCarthy, G., Bronen, R.A., Scott, T.M., Inserni, J.A., Sass, K.J., & Spencer, D.D. (1992). Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging in temporal lobe epilepsy: Relationship to neuropathology and neuropsychological function. Annals of Neurology, 31(6), 629–637.Google Scholar
Levav, M., Mirsky, A.F., Herault, J., Xiong, L., Amir, N., & Andermann, E. (2002). Familial association of neuropsychological traits in patients with generalized and partial seizure disorders. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 24(3), 311–326. doi: 10.1076/jcen.24.3.311.985 Google Scholar
Lin, Mula, M., & Hermann, B.P. (2012). Uncovering the neurobehavioural comorbidities of epilepsy over the lifespan. Lancet, 380(9848), 1180–1192. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61455-x Google Scholar
Lin, J.J., Salamon, N., Lee, A.D., Dutton, R.A., Geaga, J.A., Hayashi, K.M., & Thompson, P.M. (2007). Reduced neocortical thickness and complexity mapped in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy with hippocampal sclerosis. Cerebral Cortex, 17(9), 2007–2018.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Loring, D.W. (2010). History of neuropsychology through epilepsy eyes. Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology, 25(4), 259–273. doi: acq024 [pii]10.1093/arclin/acq024 [doi] Google Scholar
Loring, D.W., & Bauer, R.M. (2010). Testing the limits: Cautions and concerns regarding the new Wechsler IQ and Memory scales. Neurology, 74(8), 685–690. doi: 74/8/685 [pii]10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181d0cd12 [doi] Google Scholar
Loring, D.W., Kapur, R., Meador, K.J., & Morrell, M.J. (2015). Differential neuropsychological outcomes following targeted responsive neurostimulation for partial-onset epilepsy. Epilepsia, 56(11), 1836–1844. doi: 10.1111/epi.13191 Google Scholar
Loring, D.W., Meador, K.J., Lee, G.P., Murro, A.M., Smith, J.R., Flanigin, H.F., & King, D.W. (1990). Cerebral language lateralization: Evidence from intracarotid amobarbital testing. Neuropsychologia, 28(8), 831–838.Google Scholar
Loring, D.W., Williamson, D.J., Meador, K.J., Wiegand, F., & Hulihan, J. (2011). Topiramate dose effects on cognition: A randomized double-blind study. Neurology, 76(2), 131–137. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318206ca02 Google Scholar
Loughman, A., Bowden, S.C., & D’Souza, W. (2014). Cognitive functioning in idiopathic generalised epilepsies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 43, 20–34. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.02.012 Google Scholar
Mackenzie, I.R., & Miller, L.A. (1994). Senile plaques in temporal lobe epilepsy. Acta Neuropathologica, 87(5), 504–510.Google Scholar
Margerison, J.H., & Corsellis, J.A. (1966). Epilepsy and the temporal lobes. A clinical, electroencephalographic and neuropathological study of the brain in epilepsy, with particular reference to the temporal lobes. Brain, 89(3), 499–530.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Martin, R.C., Sawrie, S.M., Roth, D.L., Gilliam, F.G., Faught, E., Morawetz, R.B., & Kuzniecky, R. (1998). Individual memory change after anterior temporal lobectomy: A base rate analysis using regression-based outcome methodology. Epilepsia, 39(10), 1075–1082.Google Scholar
Mazur-Mosiewicz, A., Carlson, H.L., Hartwick, C., Dykeman, J., Lenders, T., Brooks, B.L., && Wiebe, S. (2015). Effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation following epilepsy surgery: Current state of knowledge. Epilepsia, 56(5), 735–744. doi: 10.1111/epi.12963 Google Scholar
McDonald, C.R., Hagler, D.J. Jr., Ahmadi, M.E., Tecoma, E., Iragui, V., Gharapetian, L., & Halgren, E. (2008). Regional neocortical thinning in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia, 49(5), 794–803.Google Scholar
McDonald, C.R., Leyden, K.M., Hagler, D.J., Kucukboyaci, N.E., Kemmotsu, N., Tecoma, E.S., && Iragui, V.J. (2014). White matter microstructure complements morphometry for predicting verbal memory in epilepsy. Cortex, 58, 139–150. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2014.05.014 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Meador, K.J., Baker, G.A., Browning, N., Clayton-Smith, J., Combs-Cantrell, D.T., Cohen, M., & Loring, D.W. (2009). Cognitive function at 3 years of age after fetal exposure to antiepileptic drugs. New England Journal of Medicine, 360(16), 1597–1605.Google Scholar
Milner, B. (1958). Psychological defects produced by temporal lobe excision. Research Publications - Association for Research in Nervous and Mental Disease, 36, 244–257.Google Scholar
Milner, B. (1965). Visually guided maze learning in man: Effects of bilateral hippocampal, bilateral frontal, and unilateral cerebral lesions. Neuropsychologia, 3(4), 317–338. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(65)9005-9 Google Scholar
Milner, B. (1972). Disorders of learning and memory after temporal lobe lesions in man. Clinical Neurosurgery, 19, 421–446.Google Scholar
Milner, B., Branch, C., & Rassmussen, T. (1962). Study of short-term memory after intracarotid injection of sodium amytal. Transactions of American Neurological Association, 87, 224–226.Google Scholar
Mueller, S.G., Laxer, K.D., Cashdollar, N., Buckley, S., Paul, C., & Weiner, M.W. (2006). Voxel-based optimized morphometry (VBM) of gray and white matter in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with and without mesial temporal sclerosis. Epilepsia, 47(5), 900–907.Google Scholar
Norton, S., Matthews, F.E., Barnes, D.E., Yaffe, K., & Brayne, C. (2014). Potential for primary prevention of Alzheimer’s disease: An analysis of population-based data. Lancet Neurology, 13(8), 788–794. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(14)70136-X Google Scholar
Novelly, R.A. (1992). The debt of neuropsychology to the epilepsies. The American Psychologist, 47(9), 1126–1129.Google Scholar
Nowinski, C.J., Siderowf, A., Simuni, T., Wortman, C., Moy, C., & Cella, D. (2016). Neuro-QoL health-related quality of life measurement system: Validation in Parkinson’s disease. Movement Disorders, 31(5), 725–733. doi: 10.1002/mds.26546 Google Scholar
O’Rourke, D.M., Saykin, A.J., Gilhool, J.J., Harley, R., O’Connor, M.J., & Sperling, M.R. (1993). Unilateral hemispheric memory and hippocampal neuronal density in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurosurgery, 32(4), 574–580; discussion 580–571.Google Scholar
Oostrom, K.J., Smeets-Schouten, A., Kruitwagen, C.L., Peters, A.C., & Jennekens-Schinkel, A. (2003). Not only a matter of epilepsy: Early problems of cognition and behavior in children with “epilepsy only”--A prospective, longitudinal, controlled study starting at diagnosis. Pediatrics, 112(6 Pt 1), 1338–1344.Google Scholar
Otte, W.M., van Eijsden, P., Sander, J.W., Duncan, J.S., Dijkhuizen, R.M., & Braun, K.P. (2012). A meta-analysis of white matter changes in temporal lobe epilepsy as studied with diffusion tensor imaging. Epilepsia, 53(4), 659–667. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03426.x CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Overvliet, G.M., Aldenkamp, A.P., Klinkenberg, S., Vles, J.S., & Hendriksen, J. (2011). Impaired language performance as a precursor or consequence of Rolandic epilepsy? Journal of the Neurological Sciences, 304(1-2), 71–74. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.02.009 Google Scholar
Oyegbile, T., Hansen, R., Magnotta, V., O’Leary, D., Bell, B., Seidenberg, M., && Hermann, B.P. (2004). Quantitative measurement of cortical surface features in localization-related temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuropsychology, 18(4), 729–737.Google Scholar
Oyegbile, T.O., Dow, C., Jones, J., Bell, B., Rutecki, P., Sheth, R., & Hermann, B.P. (2004). The nature and course of neuropsychological morbidity in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology, 62(10), 1736–1742.Google Scholar
Pardoe, H.R., Cole, J.H., Blackmon, K., Thesen, T., Kuzniecky, R., & Human Epilepsy Project Ivestigators. (2017). Structural brain changes in medically refractory focal epilepsy resemble premature brain aging. Epilepsy Research, 133, 28–32. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.03.007 Google Scholar
Pohlmann-Eden, B., Aldenkamp, A., Baker, G.A., Brandt, C., Cendes, F., Coras, R., & Hermann, B.P. (2015). The relevance of neuropsychiatric symptoms and cognitive problems in new-onset epilepsy - Current knowledge and understanding. Epilepsy & Behavior, 51, 199–209. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.07.005 Google Scholar
Puvenna, V., Engleler, M., Banjara, M., Brennan, C., Schreiber, P., Dadas, A., & Janigro, D. (2016). Is phosphorylated tau unique to chronic traumatic encephalopathy? Phosophorylated tau in epileptic brain and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Brain Research, 1630, 225–240. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2015.11.007 Google Scholar
Rasmussen, T., & Milner, B. (1977). The role of early left-brain injury in determining lateralization of cerebral speech functions. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 299, 355–369.Google Scholar
Rausch, R., & Babb, T.L. (1987). Evidence for memory specialization within the mesial temporal lobe in man. In J. Engel, Jr. (Ed.), Fundamental mechanisms of human brain function (pp. 103–109). New York: Raven Press.Google Scholar
Rausch, R., & Babb, T.L. (1993). Hippocampal neuron loss and memory scores before and after temporal lobe surgery for epilepsy. Archives of Neurology, 50(8), 812–817.Google Scholar
Rayner, G., Jackson, G.D., & Wilson, S.J. (2016a). Mechanisms of memory impairment in epilepsy depend on age at disease onset. Neurology, 87(16), 1642–1649. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003231 Google Scholar
Rayner, G., Jackson, G.D., & Wilson, S.J. (2016b). Two distinct symptom-based phenotypes of depression in epilepsy yield specific clinical and etiological insights. Epilepsy & Behavior, 64(Pt B), 336–344. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.06.007 Google Scholar
Ronan, L., Alexander-Bloch, A.F., Wagstyl, K., Farooqi, S., Brayne, C., Tyler, L.K., & Fletcher, P.C. (2016). Obesity associated with increased brain age from midlife. Neurobiology of Aging, 47, 63–70. doi: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.07.010 Google Scholar
Ronan, L., Murphy, K., Delanty, N., Doherty, C., Maguire, S., Scanlon, C., && Fitzsimons, M. (2007). Cerebral cortical gyrification: A preliminary investigation in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia, 48(2), 211–219.Google Scholar
Rzezak, P., Fuentes, D., Guimarães, C.A., Thome-Souza, S., Kuczynski, E., Li, L.M., & Valente, K.D. (2007). Frontal lobe dysfunction in children with temporal lobe epilepsy. Pediatric Neurology, 37(3), 176–185.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Saez, P.A., Bender, H.A., Barr, W.B., Rivera Mindt, M., Morrison, C.E., Hassenstab, J., & Vazquez, B. (2014). The impact of education and acculturation on nonverbal neuropsychological test performance among Latino/a patients with epilepsy. Applied Neuropsychology. Adult, 21(2), 108–119. doi: 10.1080/09084282.2013.768996 Google Scholar
Saling, M.M. (2009). Verbal memory in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy: Beyond material specificity. Brain, 132(Pt 3), 570–582. doi: awp012 [pii]10.1093/brain/awp012 [doi] Google Scholar
Saling, M.M., Berkovic, S.F., O’Shea, M.F., Kalnins, R.M., Darby, D.G., & Bladin, P.F. (1993). Lateralization of verbal memory and unilateral hippocampal sclerosis: Evidence of task-specific effects. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 15(4), 608–618.Google Scholar
Sass, K.J., Lencz, T., Westerveld, M., Novelly, R.A., Spencer, D.D., & Kim, J.H. (1991). The neural substrate of memory impairment demonstrated by the intracarotid amobarbital procedure. Archives of Neurology, 48(1), 48–52.Google Scholar
Sass, K.J., Sass, A., Westerveld, M., Lencz, T., Novelly, R.A., Kim, J.H., & Spencer, D.D. (1992). Specificity in the correlation of verbal memory and hippocampal neuron loss: Dissociation of memory, language, and verbal intellectual ability. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 14(5), 662–672.Google Scholar
Sass, K.J., Spencer, D.D., Kim, J.H., Westerveld, M., Novelly, R.A., & Lencz, T. (1990). Verbal memory impairment correlates with hippocampal pyramidal cell density. Neurology, 40(11), 1694–1697.Google Scholar
Sass, K.J., Westerveld, M., Buchanan, C.P., Spencer, S.S., Kim, J.H., & Spencer, D.D. (1994). Degree of hippocampal neuron loss determines severity of verbal memory decrease after left anteromesiotemporal lobectomy. Epilepsia, 35(6), 1179–1186.Google Scholar
Sawrie, S.M., Chelune, G.J., Naugle, R.I., & Lüders, H.O. (1996). Empirical methods for assessing meaningful neuropsychological change following epilepsy surgery. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 2(6), 556–564.Google Scholar
Scheffer, I.E., Berkovic, S., Capovilla, G., Connolly, M.B., French, J., Guilhoto, L., & Zuberi, S.M. (2017). ILAE classification of the epilepsies: Position paper of the ILAE Commission for Classification and Terminology. Epilepsia, 58(4), 512–521. doi: 10.1111/epi.13709 Google Scholar
Seidenberg, M., Griffith, R., Sabsevitz, D., Moran, M., Haltiner, A., Bell, B., && Hermann, B. (2002). Recognition and identification of famous faces in patients with unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuropsychologia, 40(4), 446–456.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Seidenberg, M., Kelly, K.G., Parrish, J., Geary, E., Dow, C., Rutecki, P., && Hermann, B. (2005). Ipsilateral and contralateral MRI volumetric abnormalities in chronic unilateral temporal lobe epilepsy and their clinical correlates. Epilepsia, 46(3), 420–430.Google Scholar
Sen, A., Thom, M., Martinian, L., Harding, B., Cross, J.H., Nikolic, M., && Sisodiya, S.M. (2007). Pathological tau tangles localize to focal cortical dysplasia in older patients. Epilepsia, 48(8), 1447–1454. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01107.x Google Scholar
Shegog, R., Bamps, Y.A., Patel, A., Kakacek, J., Escoffery, C., Johnson, E.K., && Ilozumba, U.O. (2013). Managing Epilepsy Well: Emerging e-Tools for epilepsy self-management. Epilepsy & Behavior, 29(1), 133–140. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.07.002 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Sherman, E.M., Wiebe, S., Fay-McClymont, T.B., Tellez-Zenteno, J., Metcalfe, A., Hernandez-Ronquillo, L., & Jetté, N. (2011). Neuropsychological outcomes after epilepsy surgery: Systematic review and pooled estimates. Epilepsia, 52(5), 857–869. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03022.x Google Scholar
Singhi, P.D., Bansal, U., Singhi, S., & Pershad, D. (1992). Determinants of IQ profile in children with idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Epilepsia, 33(6), 1106–1114.Google Scholar
Sinjab, B., Martinian, L., Sisodiya, S.M., & Thom, M. (2013). Regional thalamic neuropathology in patients with hippocampal sclerosis and epilepsy: A postmortem study. Epilepsia, 54(12), 2125–2133. doi: 10.1111/epi.12403 Google Scholar
Sisodiya, S.M., Moran, N., Free, S.L., Kitchen, N.D., Stevens, J.M., Harkness, W.F., & Shorvon, S.D. (1997). Correlation of widespread preoperative magnetic resonance imaging changes with unsuccessful surgery for hippocampal sclerosis. Annals of Neurology, 41(4), 490–496. doi: 10.1002/ana.410410412 [doi] Google Scholar
Slinger, G., Sinke, M.R., Braun, K.P., & Otte, W.M. (2016). White matter abnormalities at a regional and voxel level in focal and generalized epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. NeuroImage. Clinical, 12, 902–909. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2016.10.025 CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, A.B., Kavros, P.M., Clarke, T., Dorta, N.J., Tremont, G., & Pal, D.K. (2012). A neurocognitive endophenotype associated with rolandic epilepsy. Epilepsia, 53(4), 705–711. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03371.x Google Scholar
Smith, M.L. (2016). Rethinking cognition and behavior in the new classification for childhood epilepsy: Examples from frontal lobe and temporal lobe epilepsies. Epilepsy & Behavior, 64(Pt B), 313–317. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.04.050 Google Scholar
Stewart, C.C., Swanson, S.J., Sabsevitz, D.S., Rozman, M.E., Janecek, J.K., & Binder, J.R. (2014). Predictors of language lateralization in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neuropsychologia, 60, 93–102. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2014.05.021 Google Scholar
Stretton, J., & Thompson, P.J. (2012). Frontal lobe function in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Research, 98(1), 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.10.009 Google Scholar
Subota, A., Pham, T., Jette, N., Sauro, K., Lorenzetti, D., & Holroyd-Leduc, J. (2017). The association between dementia and epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsia, 58, 962–972. doi: 10.1111/epi.13744 Google Scholar
Sulzbacher, S., Farwell, J.R., Temkin, N., Lu, A.S., & Hirtz, D.G. (1999). Late cognitive effects of early treatment with phenobarbital. Clinical Pediatrics, 38(7), 387–394. doi: 10.1177/000992289903800702 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Szaflarski, J.P., Gloss, D., Binder, J.R., Gaillard, W.D., Golby, A.J., Holland, S.K., & Theodore, W.H. (2017). Practice guideline summary: Use of fMRI in the presurgical evaluation of patients with epilepsy: Report of the Guideline Development, Dissemination, and Implementation Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology, 88(4), 395–402. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003532 Google Scholar
Tai, X.Y., Koepp, M., Duncan, J.S., Fox, N., Thompson, P., Baxendale, S., & Thom, M. (2016). Hyperphosphorylated tau in patients with refractory epilepsy correlates with cognitive decline: A study of temporal lobe resections. Brain, 139(Pt 9), 2441–2455. doi: 10.1093/brain/aww187 Google Scholar
Tarter, R.E. (1972). Intellectual and adaptive functioning in epilepsy. A review of 50 years of research. Diseases of the Nervous System, 33(12), 763–770.Google Scholar
Taylor, J., & Baker, G.A. (2010). Newly diagnosed epilepsy: Cognitive outcome at 5 years. Epilepsy & Behavior, 18(4), 397–403. doi: S1525-5050(10)00376-8 [pii]10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.05.007 [doi] Google Scholar
Taylor, D. (1993). Epilepsy as a chronic sickness: Remediating its impact. In J. Engel, (Ed.), Surgical treatment of the epilepsies (2nd ed., pp. 11–22). New York: Raven Press. 1993.Google Scholar
Taylor, J., Kolamunnage-Dona, R., Marson, A.G., Smith, P.E., Aldenkamp, A.P., & Baker, G.A. (2010). Patients with epilepsy: Cognitively compromised before the start of antiepileptic drug treatment? Epilepsia, 51(1), 48–56. doi: EPI2195 [pii]10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02195.x [doi] Google Scholar
Tellez-Zenteno, J.F., Matijevic, S., & Wiebe, S. (2005). Somatic comorbidity of epilepsy in the general population in Canada. Epilepsia, 46(12), 1955–1962.Google Scholar
Tellez-Zenteno, J.F., Patten, S.B., Jette, N., Williams, J., & Wiebe, S. (2007). Psychiatric comorbidity in epilepsy: A population-based analysis. Epilepsia, 48, 2336–2344.Google Scholar
Thom, M., Liu, J.Y., Thompson, P., Phadke, R., Narkiewicz, M., Martinian, L., & Sisodiya, S.M. (2011). Neurofibrillary tangle pathology and Braak staging in chronic epilepsy in relation to traumatic brain injury and hippocampal sclerosis: A post-mortem study. Brain, 134(Pt 10), 2969–2981. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr209 Google Scholar
Tippett, L.J., Glosser, G., & Farah, M.J. (1996). A category-specific naming impairment after temporal lobectomy. Neuropsychologia, 34(2), 139–146.Google Scholar
Trenerry, M.R., Jack, C.R. Jr., Ivnik, R.J., Sharbrough, F.W., Cascino, G.D., Hirschorn, K.A., & Meyer, F.B. (1993). MRI hippocampal volumes and memory function before and after temporal lobectomy. Neurology, 43(9), 1800–1805.Google Scholar
Trimble, M.R., & Thompson, P.J. (1986). Neuropsychological and behavioral sequelae of spontaneous seizures. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 462, 284–292.Google Scholar
Tsai, M.H., Pardoe, H.R., Perchyonok, Y., Fitt, G.J., Scheffer, I.E., Jackson, G.D., && Berkovic, S.F. (2013). Etiology of hippocampal sclerosis: Evidence for a predisposing familial morphologic anomaly. Neurology, 81(2), 144–149. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31829a33ac Google Scholar
Vaessen, M.J., Jansen, J.F., Vlooswijk, M.C., Hofman, P.A., Majoie, H.J., Aldenkamp, A.P., && Backes, W.H. (2012). White matter network abnormalities are associated with cognitive decline in chronic epilepsy. Cerebral Cortex, 22(9), 2139–2147. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhr298 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Valente, K.D., Rzezak, P., Moschetta, S.P., de Vincentiis, S., Coan, A.C., & Guerreiro, C.A. (2016). Delineating behavioral and cognitive phenotypes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: Are we missing the forest for the trees? Epilepsy & Behavior, 54, 95–99. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.10.022 CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Velissaris, S.L., Saling, M.M., Newton, M.R., Berkovic, S.F., & Wilson, S.J. (2012). Psychological trajectories in the year after a newly diagnosed seizure. Epilepsia, 53(10), 1774–1781. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03658.x Google Scholar
Velissaris, S.L., Wilson, S.J., Saling, M.M., Newton, M.R., & Berkovic, S.F. (2007). The psychological impact of a newly diagnosed seizure: Losing and restoring perceived control. Epilepsy & Behavior, 10(2), 223–233. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2006.12.008 Google Scholar
Vermeulen, J., & Aldenkamp, A.P. (1995). Cognitive side-effects of chronic antiepileptic drug treatment: A review of 25 years of research. Epilepsy Research, 22(2), 65–95.Google Scholar
Verrotti, A., Matricardi, S., Di Giacomo, D.L., Rapino, D., Chiarelli, F., & Coppola, G. (2013). Neuropsychological impairment in children with Rolandic epilepsy and in their siblings. Epilepsy & Behavior, 28(1), 108–112. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.04.005 Google Scholar
Vickrey, B.G., Hays, R.D., Rausch, R., Engel, J. Jr., Visscher, B.R., Ary, C.M., & Brook, R.H. (1995). Outcomes in 248 patients who had diagnostic evaluations for epilepsy surgery. Lancet, 346(8988), 1445–1449.Google Scholar
Vogt, V.L., Aikia, M., Del Barrio, A., Boon, P., Borbely, C., Bran, E., & E-PILEPSY consortium. (2017). Current standards of neuropsychological assessment in epilepsy surgery centers across Europe. Epilepsia, 58(3), 343–355. doi: 10.1111/epi.13646 Google Scholar
Wagner, J.L., Modi, A.C., Johnson, E.K., Shegog, R., Escoffery, C., Bamps, Y., & Smith, G. (2017). Self-management interventions in pediatric epilepsy: What is the level of evidence? Epilepsia, 58(5), 743–754. doi: 10.1111/epi.13711 Google Scholar
Wandschneider, B., Centeno, M., Vollmar, C., Symms, M., Thompson, P.J., Duncan, J.S., && Koepp, M.J. (2014). Motor co–activation in siblings of patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy: An imaging endophenotype? Brain, 137(Pt 9), 2469–2479. doi: 10.1093/brain/awu175 Google Scholar
Wandschneider, B., Kopp, U.A., Kliegel, M., Stephani, U., Kurlemann, G., Janz, D., && Schmitz, B. (2010). Prospective memory in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and their healthy siblings. Neurology, 75(24), 2161–2167. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e318202010a Google Scholar
Wang, W.H., Liou, H.H., Chen, C.C., Chiu, M.J., Chen, T.F., Cheng, T.W., && Hua, M.S. (2009). Neuropsychological performance and seizure-related risk factors in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy: A retrospective cross-sectional study. Epilepsy & Behavior, 22(4), 728–734. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.08.038 Google Scholar
Weintraub, S., Dikmen, S.S., Heaton, R.K., Tulsky, D.S., Zelazo, P.D., Bauer, P.J., & Gershon, R.C. (2013). Cognition assessment using the NIH Toolbox. Neurology, 80(11 Suppl 3), S54–S64. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182872ded Google Scholar
Wilson, S.J., & Baxendale, S. (2014). The new approach to classification: Rethinking cognition and behavior in epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behavior, 41, 307–310. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.09.011 Google Scholar
Wilson, S., Bladin, P., & Saling, M. (2001). The “burden of normality”: Concepts of adjustment after surgery for seizures. The Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 70(5), 649–656.Google Scholar
Wilson, S. (2011). Depression, anxiety, and cognition in epilepsy: Clinical and neuro. In C. Helmstaedter, B. Hermann, M. Lassonde, P. Kahane, & A. Arzimanoglou (Eds.), Neuropsychology in the care of people with epilepsy (pp. 259–261). Montrouge, France: John Libbey Eurotext Google Scholar
Wilson, S.J., Baxendale, S., Barr, W., Hamed, S., Langfitt, J., Samson, S., & Smith, M.L. (2015). Indications and expectations for neuropsychological assessment in routine epilepsy care: Report of the ILAE Neuropsychology Task Force, Diagnostic Methods Commission, 2013-2017. Epilepsia, 56(5), 674–681. doi: 10.1111/epi.12962 Google Scholar
Wilson, S.J., & Engel, J. Jr. (2010). Diverse perspectives on developments in epilepsy surgery. Seizure, 19(10), 659–668. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2010.10.028 Google Scholar
Wilson, S.J., Micallef, S., Henderson, A., Rayner, G., Wrennall, J.A., Spooner, C., && Harvey, A.S. (2012). Developmental outcomes of childhood-onset temporal lobe epilepsy: A community-based study. Epilepsia, 53(9), 1587–1596. doi: 10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03632.x Google Scholar
Witt, J.A., Coras, R., Schramm, J., Becker, A.J., Elger, C.E., Blumcke, I., && Helmstaedter, C. (2015). Relevance of hippocampal integrity for memory outcome after surgical treatment of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. Journal of Neurology, 262(10), 2214–2224. doi: 10.1007/s00415-015-7831-3 Google Scholar
Witt, J.A., & Helmstaedter, C. (2011). A survey on neuropsychological practice in German-speaking epilepsy centers. In C. Helmstaedter, B. Hermann, M. Lassonde, P. Kahane, & A. Arzimanoglou (Eds.), Progress in epileptic disorders: Neuropsychology in the care of people with epilepsy (Vol. 11, pp. 27–32). Montrouge, France: John Libbey Eurotext.Google Scholar
Witt, J.A., & Helmstaedter, C. (2012). Should cognition be screened in new-onset epilepsies? A study in 247 untreated patients. Journal of Neurology, 259(8), 1727–1731. doi: 10.1007/s00415-012-6526-2 Google Scholar
Witt, J.A., & Helmstaedter, C. (2015). Cognition in the early stages of adult epilepsy. Seizure, 26, 65–68. doi: 10.1016/j.seizure.2015.01.018 Google Scholar
Witt, J.A., Werhahn, K.J., Kramer, G., Ruckes, C., Trinka, E., & Helmstaedter, C. (2014). Cognitive-behavioral screening in elderly patients with new-onset epilepsy before treatment. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 130(3), 172–177. doi: 10.1111/ane.12260 Google Scholar
Wolf, P. (2009). Development of the nosology and classification of epilepsy: 1909-2009. In S. Shorvon, G. Weiss, G. Avanzini, J. Engel, H. Meinardi, S. Moshe, E. Reynolds, & P. Wolf (Eds.), The international league against epilepsy 1909-2009: A centenary history (pp. 131–142). New York: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Wood, A.G., Saling, M.M., O’Shea, M.F., Jackson, G.D., & Berkovic, S.F. (1999). Reorganization of berbal memory and language: A case of dissociation. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 5(1), 69–74. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355617799511090 Google Scholar
Wrench, J.M., Matsumoto, R., Inoue, Y., & Wilson, S.J. (2011). Current challenges in the practice of epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy & Behavior, 22(1), 23–31. doi: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2011.02.011 Google Scholar