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Do Injury Characteristics Predict the Severity of Acute Neuropsychological Deficits Following Sports-Related Concussion? A Meta-analysis

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2013

Brooke K. Dougan ,
Mark S. Horswill  and
Gina M. Geffen
Brooke K. Dougan*
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Mark S. Horswill
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
Gina M. Geffen
Affiliation:
School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Brooke Dougan, School of Psychology, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

The utility of injury characteristics for predicting the severity of post-concussion outcomes remains equivocal. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to quantify the predictive relationship between these variables to inform classification of acute injury severity. Thirty-one empirical samples of concussed athletes, for which rates of loss of consciousness and/or amnesia were reported, were included in a meta-analysis evaluating acute outcomes following sports-related concussion. Outcome measures of interest were neuropsychological tests first administered 1–10 days post-injury. Loss of consciousness and anterograde amnesia significantly predicted more severe neuropsychological deficits within 10 days of concussion in studies using pre-injury baseline, but not control group, comparisons. Retrograde amnesia significantly predicted acute neuropsychological dysfunction (d = -1.03) irrespective of comparison group. Although small sample sizes require conservative interpretation and future replication, the evidence suggests that retrograde amnesia, rather than loss of consciousness, may be used to classify the acute severity of concussion. (JINS, 2014, 20, 81–87)

Keywords

Traumatic brain injuryNeuropsychological assessmentPost-concussion symptomsLoss of consciousnessFootballSystematic review
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 20 , Issue 1 , January 2014 , pp. 81 - 87
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2014 

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