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Dissecting the Effects of Disease and Treatment on Impulsivity in Parkinson's Disease

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2012

Alison C. Simioni ,
Alain Dagher  and
Lesley K. Fellows
Alison C. Simioni*
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec
Alain Dagher
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec
Lesley K. Fellows
Affiliation:
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Alison C. Simioni, Montreal Neurological Institute, 3801 University Street, Room 276, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Converging evidence, including observations in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), suggests that dopamine plays a role in impulsivity. This multi-faceted construct includes considerations of both time and risk; determining how these more specific processes are affected by PD and dopaminergic treatment can inform neurobiological models. We examined the effects of PD and its treatment on temporal discounting and risky decision-making in a cohort of 23 mild-moderate PD patients and 20 healthy participants. Patients completed the Balloon Analogue Risk Task and a temporal discounting paradigm both on and off their usual dopamine replacement therapy. PD patients did not differ from controls in their initial risk-taking on the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, but took progressively more risks across trials when on medication. A subset of patients and controls was tested again, 1.5–3 years later, to explore the effects of disease progression. On follow-up, baseline risk-taking diminished in patients, but the tendency to take increasing risks across trials persisted. Neither disease progression nor its treatment affected the temporal discounting rate. These findings suggest a different neural basis for temporal discounting and risk-taking, and demonstrate that risk-taking can be further decomposed into initial and trial-by-trial effects, with dopamine affecting only the latter. (JINS, 2012, 18, 1–10)

Keywords

Decision-makingReinforcement learningSelf-controlRisk-takingHumanDopamine
Type
Symposia
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 18 , Issue 6 , November 2012 , pp. 942 - 951
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2012

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