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Substantial risk of “Accidental MCI” in healthy older adults: Base rates of low memory scores in neuropsychological assessment

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  20 March 2007

BRIAN L. BROOKS ,
GRANT L. IVERSON  and
TRAVIS WHITE
BRIAN L. BROOKS
Affiliation:
British Columbia Mental Health & Addiction Services, Riverview Hospital, Coquitlam, British Columbia
GRANT L. IVERSON
Affiliation:
British Columbia Mental Health & Addiction Services, Riverview Hospital, Coquitlam, British Columbia Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia
TRAVIS WHITE
Affiliation:
Psychological Assessment Resources Inc., Lutz, Florida
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Abstract

When assessing older adults for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia, it is important to understand how often low memory scores are obtained in healthy people in order to minimize false positive diagnoses. This study examines the base rates of low memory scores in older adults across a battery of memory tests. Participants included older adults (55–79 years; N = 742) from the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB; Stern & White, 2003a) standardization sample. The NAB Memory Module consists of four co-normed memory tests (i.e., List Learning, Shape Learning, Story Learning, and Daily Living Memory) yielding 10 demographically corrected T-scores. When all 10 T-scores were examined simultaneously, 55.5% of older adults had one or more scores one standard deviation (SD) below the mean. At <1.5 SDs, 30.8% of healthy older adults obtained one or more low memory scores. Obtaining low memory scores occurs more often with lesser intellectual abilities. For example, 56.5% of older adults with low average intellectual abilities obtained one or more low memory scores (<1.5 SDs) compared to 21.1% with high average intellectual abilities. Understanding the base rates of low scores can reduce over-interpretation of isolated low memory scores and minimize false positive diagnoses of MCI. (JINS, 2007, 13, 490–500.)The data in Tables 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 are original data produced by special permission of the Publisher, Psychological Assessment Resources, Inc., 16204 North Florida Avenue, Lutz, Florida 33549, from the standardization data presented in the Neuropsychological Assessment Battery Psychometric and Technical Manual by Travis White, Ph.D. and Robert A. Stern, Ph.D. Copyright 2001, 2003 by PAR, Inc. Further reproduction is prohibited without permission from PAR, Inc.

Keywords

Cognitive disordersElderlyPsychometricsDiagnosisDementiaNeuropsychological tests
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 13 , Issue 3 , May 2007 , pp. 490 - 500
Copyright
© 2007 The International Neuropsychological Society

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