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Structural and Functional Changes of the Cingulate Gyrus following Traumatic Brain Injury: Relation to Attention and Executive Skills

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  11 July 2013

Tricia L. Merkley ,
Michael J. Larson ,
Erin D. Bigler ,
Daniel A. Good  and
William M. Perlstein
Tricia L. Merkley
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Alliance of Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Texas-Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas The Institute for Rehabilitation and Research (TIRR) Memorial Hermann, Houston, Texas
Michael J. Larson*
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
Erin D. Bigler
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah Neuroscience Center, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Daniel A. Good
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
William M. Perlstein
Affiliation:
Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida VA RR&D Brain Rehabilitation and Research Center of Excellence, Malcom Randall VA, Gainesville, Florida
*
Correspondence and reprint requests to: Michael J. Larson, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Center, 244 TLRB, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

Impairments of attention and executive functions are common sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The anterior cingulate is implicated in conflict-related task performance, such as the Stroop, and is susceptible to TBI-related injury due to its frontal location and proximity to the rough surface of the falx cerebri. We investigated the relationship between cingulate cortex volume and performance on tasks of selective attention and cognitive flexibility (single-trial Stroop and Auditory Consonant Trigrams [ACT]). Participants consisted of 12 adults with severe TBI and 18 controls. T1-weighted volumetric MRI data were analyzed using automated cortical reconstruction, segmentation, parcellation, and volume measurement. Cortical volume reductions were prominent bilaterally in frontal, temporal, and inferior parietal regions. Specific regional reduction of the cingulate cortex was observed only for cortical volume of right caudal anterior cingulate (cACC). The TBI group performed significantly worse than control participants on the Stroop and ACT tasks. Findings suggest that atrophy of the right cACC may contribute to reduced performance on executive function tasks, such as the Stroop and ACT, although this is likely but one node of an extensive brain network involved in these cognitive processes. (JINS, 2013, 19, 1–12)

Keywords

MRITBICortical volumeCognitive flexibilityWorking memoryAnterior cingulateACC
Type
Research Articles
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 19 , Issue 8 , September 2013 , pp. 899 - 910
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2013 

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