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The influence of pre-deployment neurocognitive functioning on post-deployment PTSD symptom outcomes among Iraq-deployed Army soldiers

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 November 2009

BRIAN P. MARX ,
SUSAN DORON-LAMARCA ,
SUSAN P. PROCTOR  and
JENNIFER J. VASTERLING
BRIAN P. MARX*
Affiliation:
VA Boston Healthcare System, Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Psychology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
SUSAN DORON-LAMARCA
Affiliation:
VA Boston Healthcare System, Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Psychology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
SUSAN P. PROCTOR
Affiliation:
Department of Psychology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts Military Performance Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
JENNIFER J. VASTERLING
Affiliation:
VA Boston Healthcare System, Behavioral Science Division, National Center for PTSD, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Psychology, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
*
*Correspondence and reprint requests: Brian P. Marx, Ph.D., National Center for PTSD (116B-2), VA Boston Healthcare System, 150 South Huntington Avenue, Boston MA 02130. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

This study evaluated associations between pre-deployment neurocognitive performance and post-deployment posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in a sample of deployed active duty Army soldiers. As part of a larger longitudinal study, each participant completed baseline measures of memory, executive attention, and response inhibition, and baseline and post-deployment self-report measures of PTSD symptom severity. Data were subjected to multiple regression analyses that examined associations between baseline neurocognitive performances and longitudinal PTSD symptom outcome. Results revealed that pre-trauma immediate recall of visual information was associated with post-deployment PTSD symptom severity, even after controlling for pre-deployment PTSD symptom levels, combat intensity, age, gender, and test-retest interval. There was also an interaction between pre-deployment PTSD symptom severity and pre-deployment immediate visual recall and verbal learning, indicating that neurocognitive performances were more strongly (and negatively) associated with residualized post-deployment PTSD symptoms at higher levels of pre-deployment PTSD symptoms. These findings highlight the potential role of pre-trauma neurocognitive functioning in moderating the effects of trauma exposure on PTSD symptoms.(JINS, 2009, 15, 840–852.)

Keywords

Visual memoryVerbal memoryAttentionNeurocognitive functioningPTSDCombat
Type
Symposia
Information
Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society , Volume 15 , Issue 6 , November 2009 , pp. 840 - 852
Copyright
Copyright © The International Neuropsychological Society 2009

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