Zelditch's proof of the Tian–Yau–Zelditch Theorem makes use of the Boutet de Monvel–Sjöstrand results on the asymptotic properties of Szegö projectors for strictly pseudoconvex domains. However, as we will show below, the theorem is also closely related to another theorem of Boutet de Monvel's, namely his wave trace formula for Toeplitz operators. Finally, we will derive, for the pseudoconvex manifolds considered by Zelditch in his proof of the Tian–Yau–Zelditch Theorem, an analogue of another result of Boutet de Monvel's, the extendability theorem of Berndtsson for holomorphic functions on Grauert tubes.

Let X be a smooth projective variety defined over an algebraically closed field k. Nori constructed a category of vector bundles on X, called essentially finite vector bundles, which is reminiscent of the category of representations of the fundamental group (in characteristic zero). In fact, this category is equivalent to the category of representations of a pro-finite group scheme which controls all finite torsors. We show that essentially finite vector bundles coincide with those which become trivial after being pulled back by some proper and surjective morphism to X.

We consider valued fields with a value-preserving automorphism and improve on model-theoretic results by Bélair, Macintyre and Scanlon on these objects by dropping assumptions on the residue difference field. In the equicharacteristic 0 case we describe the induced structure on the value group and the residue difference field.

Le présent texte, suite de l'article paru en 2004 aux Annales de l'Institut Fourier, définit et établit les propriétés de base des orbifoldes géométriques, essentielles pour la compréhension de la structure birationnelle des variétés projectives ou Kählériennes compactes, et qui permettent d'en donner une vue synthétique globale très simple. Les démonstrations données reposent cependant sur les techniques usuelles de la géométrie algébrique/analytique. De nombreuses questions ou conjectures sont également formulées à leur sujet.

Bien que les orbifoldes géométriques ne soient autres que les paires (X|Δ) du LMMP (avec éX compacte et Kähler), leur origine et leurs motivations initiales sont entièrement différentes : le diviseur orbifolde Δ, analogue à un diviseur de ramification, encode les fibres multiples d'une fibration de base X, et (X|Δ) apparait comme un revêtement de X qui ramifie exactement (multiplicités comprises) au-dessus de Δ, et élimine les fibres multiples en codimension 1, par changement de base virtuel. Cette origine géométrique permet de munir naturellement les orbifoldes géométriques des invariants usuels des variétés : morphismes et applications biméromorphes, formes différentielles, groupe fondamental et revêtement universel, pseudométrique de Kobayashi, corps de définition et points rationnels. On s'attend à ce que leur géométrie qualitative soit la même que celle des variétés ayant des invariants similaires. Les plus élémentaires de ces propriétés géométriques sont établies ici, par adaptation directe des arguments utilisés pour les variétés

Les fibrations possédent, dans la catégorie biméromorphe des orbifoldes géométriques, des propriétés d'extension (ou « d'additivité ») non satisfaites dans la catégorie des variétés sans structure orbifolde, ce qui permet d'exprimer certains invariants de l'espace total comme extension (ou « somme ») de ceux de la fibre générale orbifolde, et de la base orbifolde. Par exemple, la suite des groupes fondamentaux est toujours exacte dans la catégorie orbifolde. De même, l'espace total d'une fibration est spéciale (voir ci-dessous) si la fibre orbifolde générique et la base orbifode le sont. En fait, les orbifoldes géométriques ont été initialement introduites précisément pour remédier à ce défaut d'additivité.

Une conséquence naturelle de ces constructions est l'introduction d'une classe nouvelle : les orbifoldes géométriques spéciales, qui sont celles qui ne dominent méromorphiquement aucune orbifolde géométrique de type général et de dimension positive. Ces orbifoldes spéciales sont exactement celles qui sont (canoniquement) décomposées (conditionnellement en une variante orbifolde de la conjecture Cn,m) en tours de fibrations ayant des fibres telles que, ou bien κ = 0, ou bien κ+ = −∞. Ces dernières sont celles ne dominant pas d'orbifolde de dimension strictement positive et telle que κ ≥ 0. Conjecturalement, ce sont celles qui sont rationnellement connexes dans la catégorie orbifolde. La connexité rationnelle est définie de la façon habituelle, une fois les courbes rationnelles orbifoldes définies.

Cette décomposition permet de relever aux orbifoldes spéciales certaines propriétés connues ou conjecturées pour les orbifoldes telles que κ+ = −∞ ou κ = 0, et elle conduit à conjecturer, entre autres, que le fait d'être spéciale est la caractérisation exacte de certaines propriétés importantes (telles que la densité potentielle ou l'annulation de la pseudométrique de Kobayashi). Elles jouent conjecturalement un rôle central dans d'autres problèmes, tels que les espaces de paramètre des familles de variétés canoniquement polarisées.

Enfin, nous construisons, sur toute orbifolde géométrique (X|Δ), une unique fibration caractérisée par le fait que ses fibres orbifoldes sont spéciales, et sa base orbifolde de type général. Cette fibration scinde donc l'orbifolde en ses parties antithétiques: spéciale (les fibres) et de type général (la base) au niveau géométrique, mais aussi conjecturalement aux niveaux arithmétique et hyperbolique.

De nombreux problèmes essentiels relatifs à l'équivalence biméromorphe dans cette catégorie orbifolde restent néammoins ouverts (en particulier, leur extension aux orbifoldes Log-terminales ou Log-canoniques).

On trouvera dans l'article à paraitre dans les proceedings de la conférence de Schiermonnikoog une version abrégée en anglais du présent texte, ainsi que des compléments sur les relations avec le LMMP.

Many quantum field theories in one, two and four dimensions possess remarkable limits in which the instantons are present, the anti-instantons are absent, and the perturbative corrections are reduced to one-loop. We analyse the corresponding models as full quantum field theories, beyond their topological sector. We show that the correlation functions of all, not only topological (or BPS), observables may be studied explicitly in these models, and the spectrum may be computed exactly. An interesting feature is that the Hamiltonian is not always diagonalizable, but may have Jordan blocks, which leads to the appearance of logarithms in the correlation functions. We also find that in the models defined on Kähler manifolds the space of states exhibits holomorphic factorization. We conclude that in dimensions two and four our theories are logarithmic conformal field theories.

In Part I we describe the class of models under study and present our results in the case of one-dimensional (quantum mechanical) models, which is quite representative and at the same time simple enough to analyse explicitly. Part II will be devoted to supersymmetric two-dimensional sigma models and four-dimensional Yang–Mills theory. In Part III we will discuss non-supersymmetric models.

We prove an explicit formula for periods of certain automorphic forms on SO5 × SO4 along the diagonal subgroup SO4 in terms of L-values. Our formula also involves a quantity from the theory of endoscopy, as predicted by the refined Gross–Prasad conjecture.

We describe the structure of ‘K-approximate subgroups’ of torsion-free nilpotent groups, paying particular attention to Lie groups.

Three other works, by Fisher et al., by Sanders and by Tao, have appeared that independently address related issues. We comment briefly on some of the connections between these papers.

We study operators of Kramers–Fokker–Planck type in the semiclassical limit, assuming that the exponent of the associated Maxwellian is a Morse function with a finite number n0 of local minima. Under suitable additional assumptions, we show that the first n0 eigenvalues are real and exponentially small, and establish the complete semiclassical asymptotics for these eigenvalues.

We develop an explicit descent theory in the context of Whitehead groups of non-commutative Iwasawa algebras. We apply this theory to describe the precise connection between main conjectures of non-commutative Iwasawa theory (in the spirit of Coates, Fukaya, Kato, Sujatha and Venjakob) and the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture. The latter result is both a converse to a theorem of Fukaya and Kato and also provides an important means of deriving explicit consequences of the main conjecture and proving special cases of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture.

Given a separable Banach space E, we construct an extremely non-complex Banach space (i.e. a space satisfying that ‖ Id + T2 ‖ = 1 + ‖ T2 ‖ for every bounded linear operator T on it) whose dual contains E* as an L-summand. We also study surjective isometries on extremely non-complex Banach spaces and construct an example of a real Banach space whose group of surjective isometries reduces to ±Id, but the group of surjective isometries of its dual contains the group of isometries of a separable infinite-dimensional Hilbert space as a subgroup.

We prove that if K is an (infinite) stable field whose generic type has weight 1, then K is separably closed. We also obtain some partial results about stable groups and fields whose generic type has finite weight, as well as about strongly stable fields (where by definition all types have finite weight).

We show that on the Hilbert scheme of n points on ℂ2, the hyperkähler metric constructed by Nakajima via hyperkähler reduction is the quasi-asymptotically locally Euclidean (QALE) metric constructed by Joyce.

We show that, under a condition called minimality, if the Stokes matrix of a connection with a pole of order two and no ramification gives rise, when added to its adjoint, to a positive semidefinite Hermitian form, then the associated integrable twistor structure (or TERP structure, or noncommutative Hodge structure) is pure and polarized.

We compare three different ways of defining group cohomology with coefficients in a crossed module: (1) explicit approach via cocycles; (2) geometric approach via gerbes; (3) group theoretic approach via butterflies. We discuss the case where the crossed module is braided and the case where the braiding is symmetric. We prove the functoriality of the cohomologies with respect to weak morphisms of crossed modules and also prove the ‘long’ exact cohomology sequence associated to a short exact sequence of crossed modules and weak morphisms.

We give a survey on the Stokes structure of a good meromorphic flat bundle. We also show that a meromorphic flat bundle has the good formal structure if and only if it has a good lattice.

In this paper we define a p-adic analogue of the Borel regulator for the K-theory of p-adic fields. The van Est isomorphism in the construction of the classical Borel regulator is replaced by the Lazard isomorphism. The main result relates this p-adic regulator to the Bloch–Kato exponential and the Soulé regulator. On the way we give a new description of the Lazard isomorphism for certain formal groups. We also show that the Soulé regulator is induced by continuous and even analytic classes.

We give a moduli interpretation of the outer automorphism group Out of a finite-dimensional algebra similar to that of the Picard group of a scheme. We deduce that the connected component of Out is invariant under derived and stable equivalences. This allows us to transfer gradings between algebras and gives rise to conjectural homological constructions of interesting gradings on blocks of finite groups with abelian defect. We give applications to the lifting of stable equivalences to derived equivalences. We give a counterpart of the invariance result for smooth projective varieties: the product Pic0 × Aut0 is invariant under derived equivalence.

Using a local construction from a previous paper, we exhibit a numerical invariant, the differential Swan conductor, for an isocrystal on a variety over a perfect field of positive characteristic overconvergent along a boundary divisor; this leads to an analogous construction for certain p-adic and l-adic representations of the étale fundamental group of a variety. We then demonstrate some variational properties of this definition for overconvergent isocrystals, paying special attention to the case of surfaces.