Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-p9bg8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T09:41:55.439Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Nature, Purpose, and Norm: A Program in American Philosophy

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 January 2017

PRESTON STOVALL*
Affiliation:
UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA, LAS VEGAS, UNIVERSITY OF [email protected]

Abstract:

For over a century there has been a protracted effort in American philosophy to use Darwinian explanatory resources in order to make certain leading ideas in German idealism naturalistically intelligible. I trace some of the nineteenth and twentieth century contours of this effort. In doing so I outline an understanding of ourselves as norm-laden persons in a natural world. As a consequence, philosophical inquiry—understood in C. S. Peirce's sense as the practice of the ‘normative sciences’ of aesthetics, logic, and ethics—can be understood as the self-conscious and rational exercise of natural and socially conditioned capacities to sense, think, and act. This leaves us with a project, by no means completed, to frame categories through which to understand the sociohistorical development of the notions of beauty, truth, and goodness as a process continuous with the natural evolution of the nervous system in its sensory, central, and motor moments.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © American Philosophical Association 2017 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Beiser, Frederick. (2009) ‘Normativity in Neo-Kantianism: Its Rise and Fall’. International Journal of Philosophical Studies, 17, 927.Google Scholar
Bernstein, Richard J. (2006) ‘The Pragmatic Century’. In The Pragmatic Century: Conversations with Richard J. Bernstein (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press), 113.Google Scholar
Bernstein, Richard J. (2010) The Pragmatic Turn. Malden, MA: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Blatti, Stephan, and Lapointe, Sandra, eds. (2016) Ontology after Carnap. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bordogna, Francesca. (2008) William James at the Boundaries: Philosophy, Science, and the Geography of Knowledge. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Brandom, Robert. (1999) ‘Some Pragmatist Themes in Hegel's Idealism: Negotiation and Administration in Hegel's Account of the Structure and Content of Conceptual NormsEuropean Journal of Philosophy, 7, 164–89.Google Scholar
Brandom, Robert. (2004) ‘The Pragmatist Enlightenment (and its Problematic Semantics)’. European Journal of Philosophy, 12, 116.Google Scholar
Brandom, Robert. (2005) ‘Kantian Lessons about Mind, Meaning, and Rationality’. Southern Journal of Philosophy, 44, 4971.Google Scholar
Brandom, Robert. (2009) Reason in Philosophy: Animating Ideas. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brandom, Robert. (2011) Perspectives on Pragmatism: Classical, Recent, and Contemporary. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Coates, Paul. (2007) The Metaphysics of Perception: Wilfrid Sellars, Perceptual Consciousness and Critical Realism. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Dayton, Eric. (1995) ‘C. I. Lewis and the Given’. Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 31, 254–84.Google Scholar
deVries, Willem A. (2005) Wilfrid Sellars. Ithaca, NY: McGill-Queen's University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dewey, John. (1896) ‘The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology’. In McDermott, John J. (ed.), The Philosophy of John Dewey: Two Volumes in One (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), 136–48.Google Scholar
Dewey, John. (1909) ‘The Influence of Darwinism on Philosophy’ in The Philosophy of John Dewey, 31–41.Google Scholar
Edwards, Jonathan. (1840) An Inquiry into the Modern Prevailing Notions Respecting that Freedom of Will Which is supposed to be Essential to Moral Agency, Virtue and Vice, Rewards and Punishment, Praise and Blame. New York: Gould, Newman and Saxton.Google Scholar
Eklund, Matti. (2013) ‘Carnap's Metaontology’. Noûs, 47, 229–49.Google Scholar
Fearing, James. (1930) Reflex Action: A Study in the History of Physiological Psychology. New York: Hafner Publishing Company, 1964.Google Scholar
Hofweber, Thomas. (2009). ‘Ambitious yet Modest Metaphysics’. In Chalmers, David J., Manley, David, and Wasserman, Ryan (eds.), Metametaphysics: New Essays on the Foundations of Ontology (New York: Oxford University Press), 260–89.Google Scholar
Hookway, Christopher. (2012) The Pragmatic Maxim: Essays on Peirce and Pragmatism. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hylton, Peter. (1990) Russell, Idealism, and the Emergence of Analytic Philosophy. Oxford: Clarendon.Google Scholar
James, William. (1897) ‘The Reflex Action and Theism’. In James, William, The Will to Believe and Other Essays in Popular Philosophy (New York: Dover Publications, 1956), 111–44.Google Scholar
James, William. (1975) Pragmatism and The Meaning of Truth. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Kant, Immanuel. (1996) Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited by Gregor, Mary J.. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Korsgaard, Christine M. (1996) The Sources of Normativity. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Kuklick, Bruce. (1977) The Rise of American Philosophy: Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1860–1930. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Kuklick, Bruce. (1985) ‘Does American Philosophy Rest on a Mistake?Royal Institute of Philosophy Lecture Series, 19, 177–89.Google Scholar
Kuklick, Bruce. (2001) A History of Philosophy in America, 1720–2000. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Lewis, Clarence Irving. (1910) ‘The Place of Intuition in Knowledge’. Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University.Google Scholar
Loux, Michael J. (1998) Metaphysics: A Contemporary Introduction. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
McDowell, John. (1996) Mind and World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
McDowell, John. (2009) Having the World in View: Essays on Kant, Hegel, and Sellars. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Misak, Cheryl. (2013) The American Pragmatists. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Misak, Cheryl. (2014) ‘Exploding a Myth: C. I. Lewis, Pragmatism, and the Given’. Filozofia, 69, 332–41.Google Scholar
Ney, Alyssa. (2012) ‘Neo-Positivist Metaphysics’. Philosophical Studies, 160, 5378.Google Scholar
Pawelski, James O. (2007) The Dynamic Individualism of William James. New York: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar
Peirce, C. S. (1903) ‘The Three Normative Sciences’. In the Peirce Edition Project (eds.), The Essential Peirce: Selected Philosophical Writings, vol. 2 (1893–1913) (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 1998), 196207.Google Scholar
Peirce, C. S. (1905a) ‘Issues of Pragmaticism’. In The Essential Peirce, vol. 2 (1893–1913), 346–59.Google Scholar
Peirce, C. S. (1905b) ‘Critical Common-Sensism’. In Buchler, Justus (ed.), Philosophical Writings of Peirce (New York: Dover Publications, 1955), 290391.Google Scholar
Peirce, C. S. (1905c) ‘What Pragmatism Is’. In The Essential Peirce, vol. 2 (1893–1913), 331–45.Google Scholar
Peirce, C. S. (1906a) ‘The Basis of Pragmaticism in the Normative Sciences’. In The Essential Peirce, vol. 2 (1893–1913), 371–97.Google Scholar
Peirce, C. S. (1906b) ‘Pragmatism in Retrospect: A Last Formulation,’ in Buchler (ed.), Philosophical Writings of Peirce, 269–89.Google Scholar
Phillips, D. C. (1971) ‘James, Dewey, and the Reflex Arc’. Journal of the History of Ideas, 32, 555–68.Google Scholar
Pinkard, Terry. (2007a) ‘Sellars the Post-Kantian?Poznan Studies in the Philosophy of the Sciences and the Humanities, 92, 2152.Google Scholar
Pinkard, Terry. (2007b) ‘Was Pragmatism the Successor to Idealism?’ In Misak, Cheryl (ed.), The New Pragmatists (New York: Oxford University Press), 142–68.Google Scholar
Pippin, Robert B. (1989) Hegel's Idealism: The Satisfactions of Self-Consciousness. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pippin, Robert B. (2009) ‘Natural and Normative,Daedalus, 138, 3543.Google Scholar
Redding, Paul. (2007) Analytic Philosophy and the Return of Hegelian Thought. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Richardson, Robert D. (2006) William James: In the Maelstrom of American Modernism. New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.Google Scholar
Rockmore, Tom. (2005) Hegel, Idealism, and Analytic Philosophy. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Schneider, Herbert W. (1963) A History of American Philosophy. 2d ed. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Sellars, Roy Wood. (1922) Evolutionary Naturalism. Chicago: Open Court.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1948) ‘Concepts as Involving Laws and Inconceivable without Them’. Philosophy of Science, 15, 287315.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1956) Empiricism and the Philosophy of Mind. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2003.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1960a) ‘Being and Being Known’. In Kevin Scharp and Robert B. Brandom (eds.), In the Space of Reasons: Selected Essays of Wilfrid Sellars (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2007), 209–28.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1960b) ‘Grammar and Existence: A Preface to Ontology’. In In the Space of Reasons, 126–62.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1962) ‘Naming and Saying’. In In the Space of Reasons, 103–25.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1963) ‘Abstract Entities’. In In the Space of Reasons, 163–205.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1965) ‘The Identity Approach to the Mind-Body Problem’. In In the Space of Reasons, 350–68.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1967) Science and Metaphysics: Variations on Kantian Themes. Atascadero, CA: Ridgeview Publishing Company, 1992. Reprint.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1974a) ‘Meaning as Functional Classification: A Perspective on the Relation of Syntax to Semantics’. In In the Space of Reasons, 81–100.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1974b) Naturalism and Ontology: The John Dewey Lectures for 1974. Atascadero, CA: Ridgeview Publishing Company, 1996. Reprint.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1975a) ‘The Structure of Knowledge’. In Castañeda, Héctor-Neri (ed.), Action, Knowledge and Reality: Studies in Honor of Wilfrid Sellars (Indianapolis, IN: Bobbs-Merrill), 295347.Google Scholar
Sellars, Wilfrid. (1975b) ‘Autobiographical Reflections’ In Action, Knowledge, and Reality, 277–93.Google Scholar
Soames, Scott. (2003) Philosophical Analysis in the Twentieth Century. 2 volumes. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Stovall, Preston. (Forthcoming a) ‘Characterizing Generics are Material Inference Tickets’. Inquiry.Google Scholar
Stovall, Preston. (Forthcoming b) ‘The Lamp of Reason and the Mirror of Nature’. In Randall Auxier (ed.), [As yet untitled] (Washington, D.C.: Lexington Books).Google Scholar
Thomasson, Amie. (2016) ‘Metaphysical Disputes and Metalinguistic Negotiation’. Analytic Philosophy, 57, 128.Google Scholar
Wernham, James C. S. (1987) James's Will-to-Believe Doctrine: A Heretical View. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.Google Scholar
Wright, Chauncey. (1873) ‘The Evolution of Self-Consciousness’. North American Review, 116, 245310.Google Scholar