Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-dsjbd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T04:33:19.396Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

“Japanese Time” and the Mica Mine: Occupation Experiences in the Central Sulawesi Highlands

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 March 1996

Lorraine V. Aragon
Lorraine V. Aragon
Affiliation:
East Carolina University
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

During World War II, Japanese soldiers forced highlanders in western Central Sulawesi to operate a mica mine. Questions about the mine's purpose are clarified by examining mica's strategic uses for wartime electronics. Accounts of the occupation by highlanders contribute to understanding changes in their post-war religious and ethnic identities.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Southeast Asian Studies , Volume 27 , Special Issue 1: The Japanese Occupation in Southeast Asia , March 1996 , pp. 49 - 63
Copyright
Copyright © The National University of Singapore 1996

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Gwinn, G. Richards, “Strategic Mica”, Information Circular No. 7258 (Washington, D.C.: United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, Sep. 1943), p. 1Google Scholar.

2 Reid, Anthony and Akira, Oki, “Introduction”, in The Japanese Experience in Indonesia: Selected Memoirs of 1942–1945, ed. Reid, Anthony and Akira, Oki (Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Center for Southeast Asian Studies, 1986), pp. 1–5Google Scholar.

3 Okada Fumihide, “Civil Administration in the Celebes, 1942–1944”, ibid., pp. 127–58.

4 Lorraine V. Aragon, “Maps of Political, Religious, and Moral History in Western Highland Central Sulawesi, Indonesia” (paper presented at the Annual Meetings of the Association for Asian Studies, 24–27 Mar. 1994, Boston, Mass.).

5 Okada, “Civil Administration in the Celebes”, p. 156.

6 Montague, S.A., “Mica”, in Industrial Minerals and Rocks, ed. Gillson, Joseph L.et al. (New York: The American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers, 1960), pp. 551–66Google Scholar.

7 Kuzvart, Milos, Industrial Minerals and Rocks (Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1984), pp. 222–28Google Scholar.

8 Davis, Lawrence L., Mica: 1993 Annual Report (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Mines, 1994), pp. 3–4Google Scholar.

9 Microscopic analysis of the mica samples was undertaken in the laboratory of the Geology Department at East Carolina University by James S. Watson.

10 Dennan, William H., Mineral Resources: Geology, Exploration, and Development (New York: Taylor & Francis, 1989), pp. 203–204Google Scholar.

11 Miloš Kužvart, Industrial Minerals, p. 223; Ulmer, Joseph, “International Trade in Mica”, U.S. Department of Commerce, Trade Promotion Series No.95 (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1930), p. 9Google Scholar.

12 Tyler, Paul M. and Warner, K.G., “Mica”, in Minerals Yearbook 1939 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1939), pp. 1347–48Google Scholar.

13 Gwinn, G. Richards and Tucker, Ethel M., “Mica”, in Minerals Yearbook 1944 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1946), pp. 1471–75Google Scholar.

14 S.A. Montague, “Mica”, pp. 552–64.

15 Joseph Ulmer, “International Trade in Mica”, p. 3.

16 Ibid., pp. 29–32.

17 G. Richard Gwinn's “Strategic Mica”, p. 3, provides detailed specifications for mica defined as strategic for World War II military purposes.

18 Paul M. Tyler and K.G. Warner, “Mica”, pp. 1352–53.

19 Joseph Ulmer, “International Trade in Mica”, pp. 37–43.

20 William H. Dennan, Mineral Resources, p. 203.

21 Joseph Ulmer, “International Trade in Mica”, p. 39.

22 Ibid., p. 8.

23 Aragon, Lorraine V., “Barkcloth Production in Central Sulawesi: A Vanishing Textile Technology in Outer Island Indonesia”, Expedition 32, 1 (1990): 33–48Google Scholar. See also Kotilainen, Eija-Maija, “When the Bones Are Left”: A Study of the Material Culture of Central Sulawesi (Helsinki: The Finnish Anthropological Society, 1992), pp. 220–27Google Scholar.

24 Wu, John C., “The Mineral Industry of Indonesia”, Minerals Yearbook Volume III: Mineral Industries of Asia and the Pacific, 1989 (Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1992), p. 142Google Scholar. The major Asian producers of mica currently are South Korea, India, and to a lesser extent, Taiwan (ibid., p. 5).

25 Aragon, Lorraine V., “Suppressed and Revised Performances: Raego' Songs of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia”, Ethnomusicology 40, 3 (Fall, 1996)CrossRefGoogle Scholar.

26 Kenyon, Albert, Leonard Goes East (London: Salvationist Publishing and Supplies, 1952), p. 77Google Scholar.

27 Melattie Brouwer, “Tanah Toradja: Separated, But One in Spirit”, The War Cry (Australia), 6 (Apr. 1974): 4.

28 Albert Kenyon, Leonard Goes East, p. 77.

29 Ibid., pp. 92–101.

30 Salvation Army, “A Pioneer in Celebes”, The Warrior (Sep. 1949), pp. 98–99.