Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-22T06:49:05.222Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

The Contribution of Weberian Sociology to Studies of Southeast Asia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 April 2011

Wim F. Wertheim
Affiliation:
University of Amsterdam (Emeritus)

Extract

Earlier than in the Anglo-Saxon world, Weber's sociological studies attracted attention among social scientists in the Netherlands. It was particularly in connection with the Southeast A sian world that parallels were suggested with the rise of capitalism in the West.

Type
Articles
Copyright
Copyright © The National University of Singapore 1995

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

1 Mededeelingen omtrent onderwerpen van algemeen belang (Communications on Subjects of General Interest), Weltevreden, 1920Google Scholar, published anonymously as a government report; see also Koch, D.M.G., Verantwoording: Een halve eeuw in Indonesie (Justification: Half a Century in Indonesia) (The Hague/Bandung: van Hoeve, 1956).Google Scholar

2 Schrieke, B., Het Communisme ter Sumatra's Westkust (Communism on the West Coast of Sumatra) (Weltevreden, 1928)Google Scholar; the part of it which was originally published as Chapter I, and Chapter II, Sections I and II of Rapport van de Commissie van Onderzoek ingesteld bji het Gouvernementsbeluit van 13 fabruari 1927 No. la (Report of the Investigation Committee Appointed Under the Government Decree of 13 February, 1927) (Weltevreden, 1928), was incorporated in an English translation with the title “The Causes and Effects of Communism on the West Coast of Sumatra”, in Indonesian Sociological Studies: Selected Writings of B. Schrieke, Part One (The Hague/Bandung: W. van Hoeve, 1955), pp. 83–166. In 1960 those parts of Schrieke's original report which originally had not been released by the Netherlands Indies government were incorporated in English translation in Benda, Harry J. and McVey, Ruth T. (eds.), The Communist Uprisings of 1926–1927 in Indonesia: Key Documents (Ithaca: Modern Indonesia Project Translation Series, Southeast Asia Program, Cornell University, 1960).Google Scholar

3 Schrieke, Indonesian Sociological Studies, p. 99.

4 Ibid., pp. 128–29.

5 van Leur, J.C., Eenige beschouwingen betreffende den ouden Aziatischen handel (Some Observations Concerning Early Asian Trade), Middelburg, 1934Google Scholar; published in English translation under the title “On Early Asian Trade”, as part of the posthumous collection of his essays entitled Indonesian Trade and Society (The Hague/Bandung: W. van Hoeve, 1955), pp. 3144.Google Scholar

6 Weber, Max, The Hindu Social System (Minneapolis, 1950), pp. 4041; quoted in Van Leur, Indonesian Trade and Society, p. 97.Google Scholar

7 Van Leur, Indonesian Trade and Society, p. 39; see also p. 309 n. 116.

8 Ibid., pp. 21, 25.

9 Ibid., pp. 25–26, 56ff, 94, 104–110.

10 Schrieke, “The Native Rulers”, in Schrieke, Indonesian Sociological Studies, pp. 184–85; in his extensive posthumous work, which was published in an English translation in 1957 under the title Indonesian Sociological Studies, Part Two: Ruler and Realm in Early Java (The Hague/Bandung: W. van Hoeve), Schrieke further elaborated the character of both the kingdom of Majapahit and the Moslem kingdom of Mataram (pp. 218–19). The fact that Schrieke did not in the manuscript refer either to Weber or to Van Leur might be due to the unfinished form in which it was left at his death.

11 Schrieke, Ruler and Realm, p. 221.

12 Ibid., p. 238, in the chapter “The Penetration of Islam in the Archipelago”, pp. 230–67.

13 Ibid., in an appendix on “The Rise of Islam and the Beginnings of Hinduism in the Archipelago”, pp. 308–309.

14 Van Leur, Indonesian Trade and Society, p. 261.

15 Whenever I quote Indonesian Society in Transition, the reference is to the second revised edition (The Hague/Bandung: van Hoeve, 1959).

16 Turner, Bryan S., Weber and Islam: A Critical Study (London/Boston: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1974), p. 173.Google Scholar

17 Kalberg, Stephen, Max Weber's Comparative-Historical Sociology (Cambridge: Polity Press, 1994), pp. 9798.Google Scholar

18 Zingerle, Arnold, Max Weber und China: Herrschafts - und religionssoziologische Grundlagen zum Wandel der chinesischen Gesellschaft (Foundations in the Realm of the Sociology of Rulership and Religion for Change in Chinese Society) (Berlin: Dunker & Humblot, 1972), p. 53. However, I should add that Van Leur in Indonesian Trade and Society (p. 25) also described the Chinese patrimonial state as unchangeable.Google Scholar

19 Wertheim, Wim F., “Changing Southeast Asian Societies: An Overview”, in Comparative Essays on Asia and the West (Amsterdam: VU University Press, 1993), pp. 2426; this essay appeared earlier (in 1968) in the International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, Vol. 1, under the title “Asian society: Southeast Asia”, pp. 423–38.Google Scholar

20 The Passing of Traditional Society: Modernizing the Middle East (Glencoe: Free Press, 1958). For a criticism of Lerner's approach, see Turner, Weber and Islam, pp. 160 ff.Google Scholar

21 Kalberg, Max Weber's Comparative-Historical Sociology, p. 3.

22 Ibid., pp. 3–4. Kalberg refers to S.N. Eisenstadt, The Political Systems of Empires (New York: Free Press of Glencoe, 1963).

23 Kalberg, Max Weber's Comparative-Historical Sociology, p. 203.

24 See my article “The Sociological Approach to Indonesian History”, in Wertheim, W.F., East-West Parallels: Sociological Approaches to Modern Asia (The Hague: van Hoeve, 1964), p. 254.Google Scholar

25 Wertheim, Indonesian Society, p. 51.

26 Hoetink, Harry, “El nuevo evolucionismo”, America Latina 8 (1965): 26 ff.Google Scholar

27 Weber, Max, Economy and Society, an Outline of Interpretative Sociology (ed. Roth, Guenther and Wittich, Claus), 2 vols. (Berkeley/Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1968).Google Scholar

28 Reinhard Bendix in International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences, vol. 16, “Max Weber”, p. 498.

29 Collins, Randall, “A Comparative Approach to Political Sociology”, in State and Society: A Reader in Comparative Sociology, ed. Bendix, Reinhard (Boston: Little, Brown, 1968), p. 47.Google Scholar

30 Ibid., p. 63.

31 Wertheim, W.F., Evolution and Revolution: The Rising Waves of Emancipation (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1974), pp. 9192.Google Scholar

32 Geertz, Clifford, Peddlers and Princes: Social Development and Economic Change in Two Indonesian Towns (Chicago/London: University of Chicago Press, 1963), p. 49.Google Scholar

33 Turner, Weber and Islam, pp. 34–36.

34 Wertheim, Indonesian Society in Transition, pp. 207–217.

35 Ibid., pp. 217–18.

36 Wertheim, Wim F., “Religion, Bureaucracy, and Economic Growth”, in Comparative Essays on Asia and the West, pp. 4556; earlier published in East-West Parallels (1964).Google Scholar

37 Geertz, Peddlers and Princes, pp. 48–50.

38 See Bellah, R.N., Tokugawa Religion: The Values of Pre-Industrial Japan (Glencoe: The Free Press, 1957).Google Scholar

39 Alatas, Syed Hussein, Modernization and Social Change: Studies in Modernization, Religion, Social Change and Development in Southeast Asia (Sydney: Angus and Robertson, 1972).Google Scholar

40 Ibid., p. 18.

41 See, for example, Abdullah, Taufik, “Tesis Weber dan Islam di Indonesia”, in Agama, Etos Kerja dan Perkembangan Ekonomi (Religion, Labour Ethics and Economic Development), ed. Abdullah, Taufik (Jakarta: LP3ES, 1979).Google Scholar

42 Tambiah, S.J., World Conqueror and World Renouncer: A Study of Buddhism and Polity in Thailand against a Historical Background (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976), pp. 3031CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 47–50, 123–28, 149–50; W.F. Wertheim, “Sociological Aspects of Corruption in Southeast Asia”, in East-West Parallels; also in Bendix (ed.), State and Society, pp. 561–88.

43 Vandergeest, Peter and Buttel, Frederick H., “Marx, Weber, and Development Sociology: Beyond the Impasse”, World Development 16 (1988): pp. 683–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

44 Quoted by the authors from Booth, David, “Marxism and Development Sociology: Interpreting the Impasse”, World Development 13 (1985): 773.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

45 For all these deviations from classical Marxism, I refer to my article “The State and the Dialectics of Emancipation”, in Emancipations, Modern and Postmodern ed. Pieterse, Jan Nederveen (London: Sage Publications, 1992), pp. 258–60.Google Scholar

46 Scott, James C., Weapons of the Weak: Everyday Forms of Peasant Resistance (New Haven/London: Yale University Press, 1985)Google Scholar

47 Here I can again refer to my article “The State and the Dialectics of Emancipation”, pp. 272 ff.

48 Kalberg, Max Weber's Comparative-Historical Sociology, pp. 15ff.; Turner, Bryan S., Max Weber: From History to Modernity (London/New York: Routledge, 1992), pp. 2237.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

49 C.J.G. Holtzappel, Het verband tussen desa en rijksorganisatie in prekoloniaal Java: Fen Ontwikkelingssociologische studie in historisch perspectief (The Relationship between Desa and Imperial Organization in Pre-colonial Java: A Study on Development Sociology in Historical Perspective), doctoral dissertation, Leiden University, 1986.Google Scholar

50 Vogel, Jaap, De opkomst van het indocentrische geschiedbeeld: Leven en werken van B.J.O. Schrieke en J.C. van Leur [The Rise of the Indocentric Image of History: Lives and Works of B.J.O. Schrieke and J.C. van Leur] (Hilversum: Verloren, 1992).Google Scholar