Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-lj6df Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-12T22:24:51.725Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Rethinking the Risks of Home Ownership

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 January 2009

SUSAN J. SMITH
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE email: [email protected]
BEVERLEY A. SEARLE
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE email: [email protected]
NICOLE COOK
Affiliation:
Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE email: [email protected]

Abstract

Most debate on home ownership and risk has focused on the management of mortgage debt. But there are other risks for home buyers in settings where housing dominates people's wealth portfolios: where the investment dimensions of property are at a premium; and where housing wealth is, de facto, an asset base for welfare. This article draws from qualitative research with 150 UK mortgage holders to assess the character, extent and possible mitigation of this wider risk regime. The analysis first explores the value home buyers attach to the financial returns on housing. Next we document the extent to which home equity is earmarked and used as a financial buffer. Finally, reflecting on the merits and limitations of this tactic, we conclude by asking whether – in the interests of housing and social policy, as well as with a view to managing the economy – there is any need, scope or appetite for more actively sharing the financial risks and investment gains of housing systems anchored on owner-occupation.

Type
Article
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Banks, J., Blundell, R., Oldfield, Z. and Smith, J. P. (2004), ‘House price volatility and housing ownership over the life cycle’, UCL Discussion Papers in Economics 04–09.Google Scholar
Beck, U. (1999), World Risk Society, Cambridge: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Belsky, E., Case, K. E. and Smith, S. J. (2008), ‘Identifying, managing and mitigating risks to borrowers in changing mortgage and consumer credit markets’, Joint Center for Housing Studies Conference Paper UCC08–14, Harvard.Google Scholar
Benito, A. (2007), ‘Housing equity as a buffer: evidence from UK households’, Bank of England Working Paper 324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bridges, S., Disney, R. and Henley, A. (2006), ‘Housing wealth and the accumulation of financial debt: evidence from UK households’, in Bertola, G., Disney, R. and Grant, C. (eds.), The Economics of Consumer Credit, Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Burrows, R. and Wilcox, S (2000), ‘Half the poor: home-owners with low incomes’, CML Research Report Summary 33.Google Scholar
Caplin, A., Joye, C., Butt, P., Glaeser, E. and Kuczynski, M. (2003a), Innovative Approaches to Reducing the Costs of Home-Ownership, Canberra: The Menzies Research Centre.Google Scholar
Caplin, A., Goetzmann, W. N., Hangen, E., Nalebuff, B. J., Prentice, E., Rodkin, J., Spiegel, M.I. and Skinner, T. (2003b), ‘Home equity insurance: a pilot project’, Yale International Center for Finance Working Paper 03–12.Google Scholar
Case, K. E. and Quigley, J. (2008), ‘How housing booms unwind’, European Journal of Housing Policy, 8: 161–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Case, K. E., Shiller, R. J. and Weiss, A. N. (1993), ‘Index-based futures and options in real estate’, Journal of Portfolio Management (winter): 83–92.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Case, K. E., Quigley, J. and Shiller, R. (2005), ‘Comparing wealth effects: the stock market versus the housing market’, Advances in Macroeconomics, 5: 1, article 1.Google Scholar
Catte, P., Girouard, N., Price, R. and Andre, C. (2004), ‘Housing markets, wealth and the business cycle’, OECD Economics Department Working Paper, 394.Google Scholar
Cook, N, Smith, S. J. and Searle, B. A. (2006), ‘Shopping for mortgages: how to tell a tortoise from a tiger’, Presented to the ENHR (Ljubljana, June).Google Scholar
DETR (2000), Quality and Choice: A Decent Home for All, Housing Green Paper, London: DETR.Google Scholar
Di, Z. X., Yang, Y. and Liu, X. (2003), ‘The importance of housing to the accumulation of household net worth’, Joint Center for Housing Studies, W03–5.Google Scholar
Dorling, D., Rigby, J., Wheeler, B., Ballas, D., Thomas, B., Eldin, F., Gordon, D. and Lupton, R. (2007), Poverty, Wealth and Place in Britain, 1968 to 2005, York: JRF.Google Scholar
Englund, P., Hwang, M. and Quigley, J. M. (2002), ‘Hedging housing risk’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 24: 167200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flint, J. (2003), ‘Housing and ethopolitics: constructing identities of active consumption and responsible community’, Economy and Society, 32: 611–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ford, J., Burrows, R. and Nettleton, S. (2001), Home-Ownership in a Risk Society: A Social Analysis of Mortgage Arrears and Possessions, Bristol: Policy Press.Google Scholar
Ford, J., Quilgars, D., Burrows, R. and Rhodes, D. (2004), Homeowners Risk and Safety-Nets: Mortgage Payment Protection Insurance (MPPI) and Beyond, London, ODPM.Google Scholar
Ford, J. and Wilcox, S. (2005), Managing Risk and Sustainable Home-Ownership in the Medium Term: Re-Assessing the Options, York: JRF.Google Scholar
Hamnett, C. (1999), Winners and Losers: The Housing Market in Modern Britain, London: UCL Press.Google Scholar
Henley, A. (1999), ‘The economics of the crazy British housing market’, Inaugural Lecture, University of Wales, Aberystwyth.Google Scholar
Iacoviello, M. and Ortalo-Magné, F. (2002), ‘Hedging housing risk in London’, Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, 27: 191209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Labuszewski, J. (2006), Introduction to CME CSI Housing Futures and Options, Chicago: CME.Google Scholar
Langley, P. (2007), ‘Sub-prime mortgage finance: constitution and crisis’, Presented to the Cultural Political Economy Workshop, Ottawa, June.Google Scholar
Liu, R. (2006), ‘SwapRent TM: a new alternative for property owners’, Advanced e-Financial Technologies, California.Google Scholar
Lowe, S. (1990), ‘Capital accumulation in home-ownership and family welfare’, in Manning, N. and Ungerson, C. (eds.), Social Policy Review 1989–90, London: Longman.Google Scholar
Lowe, S. (1992), ‘Home-ownership, wealth and welfare: new connections’, in Corden, A., Robertson, E. and Tolley, K. (eds.), Meeting Needs in an Affluent Society, Aldershot: Averbury.Google Scholar
Maxwell, D. and Sodha, S. (2006), Housing Wealth: First Timers to Old Timers, London: IPPR.Google Scholar
Muellbauer, J. (2006), ‘Housing and personal wealth in a global context’, in Davies, J. and Shorrocks, T. (eds.), Personal Assets from a Global Perspective, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Munro, M., Ford, J., Leishman, C. and Karley, N. K. (2005), Lending to Higher Risk Borrowers: Subprime Credit and Sustainable Home-Ownership, York: JRF.Google Scholar
ODPM (2005), Homebuy – Expanding the Opportunity to Own, London: ODPM.Google Scholar
Pannell, B. (2006), ‘Adverse credit mortgages’, Housing Finance, 10: 14.Google Scholar
Quigley, J. (2005), ‘How to improve the welfare of European housing consumers at practically no cost’, Plenary Lecture, ENHR, Reykjavik, July.Google Scholar
Quigley, J. (2006), ‘Real estate portfolio allocation: the European consumers’ perspective’, Journal of Housing Economics, 15: 169–88.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ratcliffe, G. (2006), ‘Residential property derivatives’, Property Derivatives – an Essential Guide London: Property Forecast, pp. 1921.Google Scholar
Rowlingson, K. and McKay, S. (2005), Attitudes to Inheritance in Britain, Bristol: Policy Press.Google Scholar
Schwartz, C., Hampton, T., Lewis, C. and Norman, D. (2006), ‘A survey of housing equity withdrawal and injection in Australia’, Reserve Bank of Australia Research Discussion Paper 2006–8.Google Scholar
Searle, B. A., Smith, S. J. and Cook, N. (2009), ‘From housing wealth to well-being’, Sociology of Health and Illness (in press).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shiller, R. (2003), The New Financial Order, New Jersey: Princeton.Google Scholar
Shiller, R. (2005), Irrational Exuberance, second edition, New Jersey: Princeton.Google Scholar
Shiller, R. and Weiss, A. (1994), ‘Home equity insurance’, Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper 1074.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, J. (2004), ‘Exploring attitudes to housing wealth and retirement’, Housing Finance, 63: 3444.Google Scholar
Smith, S. J. (2005), ‘States, markets and an ethic of care’, Political Geography, 24: 120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. J. (2006), ‘Home-ownership: managing a risky business?’, in Doling, J. and Elsinga, M. (eds.), Home-Ownership: Getting In, Getting Out, Getting From, Delft: IOS Press.Google Scholar
Smith, S. J. (2008), ‘Owner-occupation: living with a hybrid of money and materials’, Environment and Planning A, 40: 520–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. J. (2009a), ‘Managing financial risk: the strange case of housing’, in Clark, G. L., Dixon, A. D. and Monk, A. H. B. (eds.), Managing Financial Risks: From Global to Local, Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Smith, S. J. (2009b), ‘Housing futures: putting theory into practice’, in Smith, S. J. and Searle, B. A. (eds.), Companion to the Economics of Housing, Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Smith, S. J. and Searle, B. A. (2008), ‘Dematerialising money: the flow of wealth from housing to other things’, Housing Studies, 23: 2143.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. J. and Searle, B. A. (eds.) (2009), Companion to the Economics of Housing, Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Smith, S. J., Ford, J. and Munro, M., with Davis, R. (2002), A Review of Flexible Mortgages, London: Council of Mortgage Lenders.Google Scholar
Smith, S. J., Easterlow, D. and Munro, M. (2004), ‘Housing for health: does the market work?’, Environment and Planning A, 36: 579600.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S. J., Searle, B. A. and Cook, N. (2007a), ‘Banking on housing; spending the home’, End of Award Report (www.esrc.ac.uk).Google Scholar
Smith, S. J., Searle, B. A. and Cook, N. (2007b), ‘From canny consumer to care-full citizen: towards a nation of home stewardship?’, Cultures of Consumption Working Paper 35.Google Scholar
Stephens, M., Whitehead, C. and Munro, M. (2005), Lessons from the Past, Challenges for the Future for Housing Policy, London: ODPM.Google Scholar
Thomas, B. and Dorling, D. (2004), Know Your Place: Housing Wealth and Inequality in Great Britain 1980–2003 and Beyond, London: Shelter.Google Scholar
Syz, J., Vanini, P. and Salvi, M. (2006), ‘Property derivatives and index-linked mortgages’, Manuscript, Zurich Cantonal Bank, Switzerland.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Whitehead, C and Yates, J. (2009), ‘Is there a role for shared equity housing in the 21st century?’, in Smith, S. J. and Searle, B. A. (eds.), Companion to the Economics of Housing, Oxford: Blackwell.Google Scholar