^{page 199 note 1} By Mr. W. G. Putnam: ‘Archaeology in Wales, 1964’, 14, 21.

^{page 199 note 2} Nash-Williams, V. E., R. Frontier in Wales (1954), 48Google Scholar (tentative identification); J. K. S. St. Joseph, JRS LI, 129 (doubts). For a similarly ambiguous earthwork at Llanfair Caereinion see Putnam, W. G., JRS LIII, 125Google Scholar, and Montgom. Coll. LVIII (1963), 21.

^{page 199 note 3} Information from Dr. M. G. Jarrett, who excavated for the Board of Celtic Studies; summary report, ‘Archaeology in Wales, 1964’, 15; see also Arch. J. CXXI (1964), 30.

^{page 199 note 4} By Dr. G. D. B. Jones: ‘Archaeology in Wales, 1964’, 11–2.

^{page 199 note 5} Haverfield, F., Military Aspects of R. Wales (1910), 75 f.Google Scholar; Nash-Williams, op. cit. (n. 2), 77 ff.; Joseph, J. K. S. St., JRS LI, 127.Google Scholar Excavation was directed by the Rev. F. Radcliffe, O.P., and Mr. E. J. Talbot for the Abergavenny Arch. Group and Ministry of Public Building and Works: ‘Archaeology in Wales, 1964’, 19–20.

^{page 199 note 6} Excavation directed by Mr. G. C. Boon for the Ministry of Public Building and Works. For legionary baths in a similar position cf. Vindonissa, (Ges. pro Vindonissa Jahresbericht 1960–1961, 19, Abb. 18)Google Scholar and Chester (below, p. 204).

^{page 199 note 7} For a pavement uncovered here in 1877 see Proc. Soc. Ant. ² VII (1876–78), 219 ff.; Monm. and Caerleon A.A. Papers (1882), 18 ff. with plate.

^{page 199 note 8} In Myrtle Cottage Orchard: Arch. Camb, 1940, 101–152.

^{page 199 note 9} Excavation was directed for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Mrs. L. Murray Threipland, who sent the plan and details. For plans of other legionary hospitals see Schulze, R., Bonner Jahrbücher CXXXIX (1934)Google Scholar, Taf. I, IV, V (Vetera, Haltern, Novaesium); Simonett, C., Anz. schweiz. Alt. XXXIX (1937), 88Google Scholar, Abb. 8, and 201, Abb. 12 (Vindonissa); JRS XLVIII, 199, fig. 8 (Inchtuthil).

^{page 200 note 10} Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot. XXXVI (1901–02), 213 f.

^{page 200 note 11} Information from the late Sir Ian Richmond, who directed excavations with Dr. J. K. St. Joseph.

^{page 202 note 12} cf. the Severan NW. gate at Bewcastle: Cumb. and West A.A.S. Trans. ² XXXVIII (1938), 213 ff. and fig. 4 facing 202.

^{page 202 note 13} Information from the excavators, Mr. J. D. Leach and Dr. J. J. Wilkes. For fragments of a monumental inscription of Caracalla from the gate see below, p. 223, no. 10.

^{page 202 note 14} By Dr. St. Joseph, who sent details.

^{page 202 note 15} Excavation by the Moray House Arch. Soc. was directed by Mr. and MrsRae, A.: Discovery and Excavation, Scotland, 1964, 28–9.Google Scholar

^{page 202 note 16} By Dr. W. Lonie and Mr. F. Newall: ibid. 21–2.

^{page 202 note 17} Excavation by the George Watson School Arch. Soc.

^{page 202 note 18} Excavation by the Edinburgh Extra-Mural Arch. Class: ibid. 24.

^{page 202 note 19} Information from Mr. C. M. Daniels, who directed excavations for the Dumfriesshire and Galloway N.H. and Ant. Soc. and the U. of Newcastle Committee for Archaeology.

^{page 202 note 20} Miller, S. N. (ed.), R. Occupation of SW. Scotland (1952), pl. XXXIVGoogle Scholar; JRS XLI, 57; XLVIII, pl. XI, 2.

^{page 202 note 21} Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot, XXX (1895–96), 96, pl. 1.

^{page 202 note 22} Information from Miss A. S. Robertson, who directed excavations by the Scottish Field School of Archaeology. For the work of 1962–63 see now Trans. Dumfriess. and Galloway N.H. and A.S. XLI (1962–63), 135–155.

^{page 202 note 23} Directed for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Miss D. Charlesworth, who sent information and photographs. For an inscribed stone see below, p. 222, no. 8, and for a bottle p. 224, no. 17.

^{page 203 note 24} Arch. Ael. ⁴ XXXVII (1959), 13, fig. 1.

^{page 203 note 25} The plan (as so far known) is comparable with the stone-built hospital at Housesteads (Arch. Ael. ² XXV, 1904, 239, pl. XIX) and with the timber hospital of early Antonine date at Corbridge itself (Arch. Ael. ⁴ XXX, 1952, 241–2, fig. 2). The building is that marked ‘Flavian’ on the plan in Arch. Ael. ⁴ XXXIII (1955), 219, fig. 1.

^{page 203 note 26} Arch. Ael. ³ IX (1913), 235–6 and pl. V.

^{page 203 note 27} Information from Dr. J. C. Mann, joint director of the Annual Training Courses. The metalwork is now in the Museum of Antiquities in the University of Newcastle upon Tyne.

^{page 203 note 28} Directed for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Miss Charlesworth, who sent details. For a dedication-slab from the SE. gate see below, p. 222, no. 7.

^{page 203 note 29} Jarrett, M. G., Arch. Ael. ⁴ XXXVIII (1960), 193 ff.Google Scholar; Reed, A.et al., Arch. Ael.⁴ XLII (1964), 173 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 203 note 30} Information from Mr. Reed, who carried out the work, by courtesy of Dr. Mann.

^{page 203 note 31} By Mr. M. Todd, who sent details.

^{page 203 note 32} Excavation in 1963–64 for the Durham University Archaeological Committee by Miss Rosemary Cramp, Mr. L. McPartlin, and Mr. C. D. Long: Northern Daily Mail, 22nd September, 1964.

^{page 203 note 33} Information from the excavator, Mr. R. P. Harper, by courtesy of Dr. Mann. For a graffito see below, p. 227, no. 50.

^{page 203 note 34} Collingwood, R. G., Proc. Leeds Phil. Soc. (Lit. and Hist. Sec.) 1 (1925–1928), 270 ff.Google Scholar, fig. 4; W. V. Wade, ibid. VII (1952–55), 10 ff., fig. 3. Excavation on behalf of Leeds University was directed by Mr. B. R. Hartley, who sent details.

^{page 204 note 35} Corder, P., The R. Pottery at Crambeck, Castle Howard (1928).Google Scholar

^{page 204 note 36} By boys of Bootham School; information from Mr. H. G. Raram.

^{page 204 note 37} Information from Mr. I. M. Stead, who excavated for the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 204 note 38} Now in Hull Museums; information from Mr. R. A. G. Carson of the British Museum.

^{page 204 note 39} This is the earliest Roman pottery so far found at York. Information from Mr. L. P. Wenham, who excavated.

^{page 204 note 40} R.C.H.M., Eburacum: R. York (1962), 51.Google Scholar Excavation was undertaken by the Ministry of Public Building and Works and the Royal Commission on Historical Monuments (England); information from Mr. Ramm. For three tile-stamps see below, p. 225, no. 23.

^{page 204 note 41} Directed for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Mr. and Mrs. W. T. Jones. For the defences of Aldborough see Yorks. Arch. J. XL (1950–62), 1–77.

^{page 204 note 42} By Mr. F. H. Thompson and Dr. J. J. Wilkes on behalf of Manchester University; information from Mr. Thompson.

^{page 204 note 43} For the plan cf. the legionary baths at Caerleon (above, p. 199) or municipal baths like those at Leicester (K. M. Kenyon, Jewry Wall Site, 1948). Information from Mr. D. F. Petch of the Grosvenor Museum. For an inscribed bone tag see below, p. 224, no. 12.

^{page 205 note 44} Information from Mr. F. H. Thompson, who directed the work for the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 205 note 45} Margary, I. D., R. Roads in Britain II (1957), 35 f.Google Scholar; Thompson, F. H., J. Chester and N. Wales A.A. and H.S. XLVIII (1961), 26.Google Scholar

^{page 205 note 46} Information from Mr. K. E. Jermy, who did the work with Mr. D. F. Petch.

^{page 205 note 47} Kay, S. O. and Hughes, R. G., Derbs. Arch. J. LXXXII (1962), 21 ff.Google Scholar A full report on the new kiln by Messrs. Kay and Hughes will appear in the same Journal; photograph and details sent by Mr. Hughes.

^{page 205 note 48} Phillips, C. W., Arch. J. XCI (1934), 186.Google Scholar

^{page 205 note 49} Information from Mr. I. M. Stead, who excavated for Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 205 note 50} Excavation for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Mr. Stead, whose detailed report will appear in Ant. J. Mr. Stead compares the plan of Building E with that of the Iron-Age round-house at Little Woodbury (Proc. Prehist. Soc. VI, 1940, 81, fig. 21); see also the circular structure at Bozeat, Northants. (below, p. 210).

^{page 205 note 51} Information from Mr. J. May, who directed excavations for the Dragonby Excavation Committee.

^{page 205 note 52} Information from Mr. J. B. Whitwell, who directed excavations for the Lincoln Arch. Research Committee. It was suggested by Sir Ian Richmond that the heavy platform at the rear of the wall might have supported a great cistern for the town's watersupply.

^{page 205 note 53} Excavation directed for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Mr. C. Green, who sent the drawing and information.

^{page 205 note 54} Excavations by the Ancaster Summer School were directed by Messrs. M. W. Barley, J. May and D. R. Wilson. Earlier discoveries in the cemetery include the dedication DEO VIRIDIO (below, p. 228, corrigenda, a) and a life-size statue of a deity or hero (pl. XIV, 3); both had been re-used as coffin lids. For the statue see Whitwell, J. B., Lines. A.A.S. ² X (1963–1964), 62 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 207 note 55} Smith, J. T., Arch. J. CXX (1963), 1 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 207 note 56} Information from Mr. S. Revill, who directed excavations for the Thoroton Society.

^{page 207 note 57} Information from Mr. M. G. Hebditch of Leicester Museums.

^{page 207 note 58} Information from Mr. E. Greenfield, who directed excavations in 1963 for the Ministry of Public Building and Works. For circular and polygonal temples in Coritanian territory cf. Brigstock (JRS LII, 173, figs. 20 and 21; Ant. J. XLIII, 1963, 228 ff.) and possibly Colleyweston (JRS XLV, 133–4, fig. 16).

^{page 207 note 59} Information from Miss F. Chapman-Purchas, who excavated for the Ministry of Public Building and Works. For graffiti see below, pp. 226 f., nos. 32, 39, 41.

^{page 207 note 60} Excavation by the Lichfield and S. Staffs. Arch. and Hist. Soc.; information from Mr. J. T. Gould.

^{page 207 note 61} Information from Mr. Greenfield, who excavated for the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 207 note 62} Excavation by the Lichfield and S. Staffs. Arch. and Hist. Soc.; summary report, ‘W. Midlands Annual Arch. News Sheet’ no. 7 (1965), 6. For a map of Letocetum and its surroundings see Trans. Lichfield & S. Staffs. A. & H.S. V (1963–4). 14, fig. 12.

^{page 207 note 63} Excavation by the Wroxeter Training School directed by Dr. G. Webster, who sent details. For a graffito see below, p. 227, no. 42.

^{page 207 note 64} The site of the bridge is incorrectly shown in JRS LIV, 163, fig. 13; it should be c. 300 yds. downstream, as drawn in Trans. Shropshire A.S. LVII, part II (1962–63), 114, fig. 28. Information from the excavator, Dr. A. W. J. Houghton.

^{page 207 note 65} Excavation by the Kidderminster and District Arch, and Hist. Soc.; information from Mr. C. I. Walker.

^{page 208 note 66} Trans. Woolhope Nat. F.C. XXXVI (1958), 87 ff.; JRS XLIX (1959), III.

^{page 208 note 67} Excavation for the Woolhope Club and the Ministry of Public Building and Works was directed by Mr. S. C. Stanford, who sent information.

^{page 208 note 68} Excavation by the Archenfield Arch. Group directed by Mr. N. P. Bridgewater, who sent the plan and details. For the architectural type cf. the nuclei of villas at Lockleys (Ant. J. XVIII, 1938, 376, pl. LXX) and Park Street (Arch. J. CII, 1945, 23, fig. 3), Herts., both of the later first century; at Hambleden, Bucks. (Archaeologia LXXI, 1921, 144, pl. XIII), also of the first century; and at Frocester Court, Glos. (JRS LIII, 146, fig. 26), of the later third century; or the villa known from aerial photography at Little Milton, Oxon. (JRS XL, pl. VI, 2; XLIII, 94).

^{page 208 note 69} Information from Miss C. M. Mahany, who did the work for the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 208 note 70} Information from Mrs. B. R. Hartley, who excavated for the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 208 note 71} The Alcester Excavation Committee coordinated work by four bodies: (a) a group under Mr. U. Place; (b) the Birmingham Research Group, under Mr. H. V. Hughes; (c) Birmingham University, under Mr. R. A. Tomlinson; (d) the Ministry of Public Building and Works, under Miss Mahany, who sent details of her work. For (a–c) see ‘W. Midlands Annual Arch. News Sheet’ no. 7 (1965), 3, 5.

^{page 209 note 72} Directed for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Mr. H. J. M. Green, who sent details. For previous work on the town defences at Pinfold Lane see Proc. Cambridge A.S. LIII (1960), 8 ff.

^{page 209 note 73} Information from Mr. C. F. Tebbutt.

^{page 209 note 74} R.C.H.M., A Matter of Time (1960), fig. 7, features 36, 37, 48.

^{page 210 note 75} ibid. fig. 6, features 17, 18.

^{page 210 note 76} Information from Mr. W. G. Simpson, who directed excavations for the Welland Valley Research Committee.

^{page 210 note 77} Excavation for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Mr. D. G. Benson, who sent details, and Miss M. Cardale.

^{page 210 note 78} Information and plan sent by Mr. D. N. Hall, who did the work with Messrs. E. W. J. Corby, N. Nickerson and R. W. Thomas. For the plan cf. Winterton, Lincs. (above, p. 205) and, for a version without the central posts, Colleyweston, Northants., circle C (JRS XLV, 133, fig. 16). The circular workshop in the Great Weldon villa, Bucks., may also be related to these buildings (JRS XLV, 135; XLVI, 131, fig. 32).

^{page 210 note 79} Plans and information from Dr. A. R. Hands, who excavated with Mr. C. Brodribb. For a graffito see below, p. 227, no. 46.

^{page 210 note 80} By Mr. M. Hassall, who sent details.

^{page 211 note 81} Records of Bucks. XIII (1934–40), 252 ff. Excavations for the Ministry of Public Building and Works were directed by Mrs. W. T. Jones, who sent information.

^{page 211 note 82} Vict. Co. Hist. Bucks. II (1908), 8 f.

^{page 211 note 83} Excavation by the Chess Valley Arch. Soc. directed by Mr. K. Brannigan, whose report will appear in Records of Bucks. Information from Mr. Brannigan.

^{page 211 note 84} Excavations for the E. Herts Arch. Soc. are being directed by Mr. B. Barr. Information from Mr. G. Moodey.

^{page 211 note 85} Information from Mr. A. D. McWhirr, who did the work.

^{page 211 note 86} Wheeler, R. E. M. and Wheeler, T. V., Verulamium (1936), 26Google Scholar; Frere, S. S., Antiquity XXXVIII (1964), 108 f.Google Scholar; Frere, , London Inst. Arch. Bull. IV (1964), 69 f.Google Scholar

^{page 211 note 87} Excavation by the Watford and SW. Herts. Arch. Soc. was directed by Mr. B. F. Rawlins for the Verulamium Museum. Details from Mr. Rawlins.

^{page 211 note 88} Information from Mr. D. S. Neal, who excavated on behalf of the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 213 note 89} Excavation by the Cambridge and London Extra-Mural Departments' summer school directed by Dr. J. A. Alexander, Mr. R. A. H. Farrar and Dr. D. Trump; details from Dr. Alexander and Mr. Farrar. For a graffito see below, p. 226, no. 29.

^{page 213 note 90} By Dr. A. K. Knowles; information from Miss B. Green of Norwich Castle Museum.

^{page 213 note 91} By Mr. A. Hooks; information from Miss Green.

^{page 213 note 92} Excavation for the Ministry of Public Building and Works was directed by Mr. E. Greenfield, who sent details.

^{page 213 note 93} Excavations by Mr. F. Curtis; details of this and of the following item were sent by Miss Green.

^{page 214 note 94} Now in Ipswich Museum; photographs sent by Mr. N. Smedley.

^{page 214 note 95} Information from Mr. A. R. Edwardson, whose report will appear in the Suffolk Inst. Arch. Proc.

^{page 214 note 96} The site was reported by Mr. D. J. Nicholls and excavated by Mr. M. J. Camper; information from Mr. Smedley.

^{page 214 note 97} Hull, M. R., Trans. Essex A.S. (n.s.) XXV (1955–1958), 24 ff.Google Scholar; Hull, , R. Colchester (1958), 71 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 214 note 98} R. Colchester, 178.

^{page 214 note 99} ibid. 66 ff.

^{page 214 note 100} Excavations for the Colchester Excavation Committee were directed (i) by Mr. M. G. Hebditch and (ii, iii) by Miss B. R. K. Dunnett; information from Mr. D. T.-D. Clarke.

^{page 214 note 101} Excavation by the W. Essex Arch. Group directed by Dr. N. E. France and Miss B. M. Gobel, who sent the plan and information. For excavations in 1927 and 1936 see Ant. J. VIII (1928), 300 ff. and Vict. Co. Hist. Essex III (1963), 139; for the projecting annexes and axial base cf. the twin temples at Springhead, Kent (Penn, W. S., Arch. Cant. LXXIII, 1959, 5, fig. 1Google Scholar; LXXVIL, 1962, 116, fig. 1). For part of an altar see below, p. 221, no. 3.

^{page 214 note 102} R.C.H.M., R. London (1928), pl. 5 (facing p. 40).Google Scholar

^{page 215 note 103} JRS XXV (1935), 215 ff.

^{page 215 note 104} Information from Mr. R. Merrifield of the Guildhall Museum. For discoveries near Huggin Hill in 1929 see JRS XIX (1929), 200, and for wallplaster see below, p. 225, no. 21.

^{page 215 note 105} Arch. J CXXI (1964), 13, fig. 5, no. 14 (westernmost site of group). Excavation for the Avon-Severn Valleys Research Project was directed by Mr. A. H. Oswald: ‘W. Midlands Annual Arch. News Sheet’ no. 7 (1965), 4.

^{page 215 note 106} JRS LII, 180; O'Neil, H. E., Trans. Bristol and Glos. A.S. LXXXI (1962), 10 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 215 note 107} Information from Mrs. H. E. O'Neil, who excavated on behalf of the City Museum and the Gloucester Research Committee.

^{page 216 note 108} Excavation incidental to repairs for the National Trust by Sir Ian Richmond, who sent details.

^{page 216 note 109} Ant. J. XLII (1962), 3 f. (NW. defences); XLIII (1963), 15 (two other sides).

^{page 216 note 110} Information from Mr. J. S. Wacher, who directed excavations for the Cirencester Excavation Committee. For Mr. Wacher's interim report see Ant. J. XLV (1965), 97 ff. For the base of a glass bottle see below, p. 224, no. 15.

^{page 216 note 111} Information from the excavator, Dr. G. Webster.

^{page 216 note 112} Information and photograph from Capt. H. S. Gracie, R.N. (ret'd.), who did the work.

^{page 216 note 113} Excavations for the Bath Excavation Committee were directed by Mr. B. Cunliffe, who sent details. For the remains of Bath and the thermal establishment see Haverfield, F., Vict. Co. Hist. Somerset 1 (1906), 219 ff.Google Scholar, and for the temple, Richmond, I. A. and Toynbee, J. M. C., JRS, XLV (1955), 97 ff.Google Scholar

^{page 216 note 114} Information from Mr. E. Greenfield, who directed excavation for the Ministry of Public Building and Works in succession to Messrs. P. A. Rahtz and J. Hancock, who excavated in 1962.

^{page 217 note 115} cf. Fox, A., R. Exeter (1952), 57, pl. XXIII (Bedford St.).Google Scholar

^{page 217 note 116} Information from Lady (Aileen) Fox, who excavated on behalf of the Ministry of Public Building and Works.

^{page 217 note 117} Information from Dr. G. Webster, who excavated. For a general plan of the excavated area see Webster, G. and Dudley, D. R., The R. Conquest of Britain (1965), 107, fig. 23.Google Scholar

^{page 217 note 118} Excavation for the British Museum was directed by Mr. K. S. Painter, who sent information; a report appears in Proc. Dorset N.H. and A.S. LXXXVI (1965), 150 ff.

^{page 217 note 119} Excavation for the Salisbury Museum Committee directed by Mr. J. E. D. Stratton; information from Mr. J. W. G. Musty.

^{page 217 note 120} Information from Mr. F. K. Annable, who excavated.

^{page 217 note 121} Oxoniensia IV (1939), 1 ff.

^{page 217 note 122} Information from the excavator, Mr. D. Harding.

^{page 217 note 123} Information and photograph sent by Mr. A. T. Morley Hewitt, who excavated. For a graffito see below, p. 228, no. 52.

^{page 217 note 124} Information from Miss M. C. Macfarlane of the Willis Museum.

^{page 217 note 125} Excavations were directed for the Ministry of Public Building and Works by Mr. and Mrs. D. B. Whitehouse, who sent details.

^{page 218 note 126} Information from Mr. M. Biddle, who directed excavations for the Winchester Excavations Committee. An interim report will appear in Ant. J. XLV (1965).

^{page 218 note 127} Information from Mr. J. Collis, who excavated.

^{page 218 note 128} Information from the excavator, Mr. B. Cunliffe.

^{page 219 note 129} A fragment from a similar vessel was found in 1964 at Fishbourne, Sussex (Ant. J. XLV, pl. ix b) and another at Chiddingfold, Surrey, in 1888 (unpublished). Information from the excavator, Viscountess Hanworth.

^{page 219 note 130} Information from Mr. Cunliffe, who directed excavations for the Chichester Civic Society. An interim report is in Ant. J. XLV (1965), 1 ff. For a fragment of a chariot-beaker see below, p. 224, no. 14, and for graffiti p. 227, nos. 36, 38, 40.

^{page 219 note 131} Information from Mr. J. Holmes, who excavated for the Chichester Civic Society.

^{page 220 note 132} Identification by Mr. F. G. Dimes of the Geological Survey. Information, plan and photographs were sent by Mr. A. Down, who excavated for the Chichester Excavation Committee.

^{page 220 note 133} Sussex Arch. Coll. LXXVIII (1937), 13 ff.; LXXXI (1940), 54 ff.; JRS XXVIII, 196 f.

^{page 220 note 134} Information from Miss K. J. Evans, who excavated for the Ministry of Public Building and Works. For graffiti see below, pp. 226 ff., nos. 31, 37, 48, 53.

^{page 220 note 135} Information from Mr. N. E. S. Norris, who will publish a note in Sussex Arch. Coll. For discoveries of foundations and other burials in 1876–77 and 1926 see J. British Arch. Ass. XXXIII (1877), 518 ff.; Proc. Soc. Ant. ² VII (1876–78), 293 ff.; Brighton and Hove Archaeologist no. 3.

^{page 220 note 136} Information and photograph from Mr. J. H. Money, who excavated.

^{page 220 note 137} Information and diagram from Mr. H. F. Cleere of the Iron and Steel Institute, who did the work.

^{page 220 note 138} Information from Mr. R. A. G. Carson, whose report will appear in Num. Chron. The coins were declared Treasure Trove.

^{page 220 note 139} Information, plan and photographs were sent by Mr. A. P. Detsicas, who directed excavations for the Lower Medway Research Group. For a silver spoon see below, pp. 224 f., no. 18, and for graffiti p. 226, no. 33, and pp. 227 f., nos. 49. 51.

^{page 220 note 1} When measurements are quoted the width precedes the height.

^{page 220 note 2} The lettering was first observed by Mr. H. W. Drewer-Trump and Mr. E. Wamsley Lewis. Mr. W. Stuart Best sent full details and Mr. R. N. R. Peers, Curator of Dorset County Museum, provided a photograph and squeeze. See Peers, and Wright, , Dorset Nat. Hist. Arch. Soc. Proc. LXXXVI (1965), 104Google Scholar, fig. 2. For the church see RCHM West Dorset, 120.

^{page 221 note 3} For an elaborate dedication it is highly probable that the dedicator was a centurion. His names were probably TITINIVS PINES. Other ‘nomina’ are much rarer. PINES seems to be a variant of PINNES, a leader in the Pannonian revolt of A.D. 6 (Velleius II, 110, 4).

^{page 221 note 4} Excavated by Dr. N. E. France and Miss B. M. Gobel. Professor S. S. Frere gave details and made the stone available. For the site see Wheeler, , Antiq. Jour, VIII (1928), 300CrossRefGoogle Scholar; JRS LIII (1963), 138.

^{page 221 note 5} Found at N. end of field no. 520, where pottery of second to third century has been found (grid ref. TF 005669). Now in Lincoln City and County Museum. Mr. F. T. Baker and Mr. J. B. Whitwell sent full details, a photograph and a squeeze.

^{page 221 note 6} e.g. ILS 2321 (Cales), 7468 (Rome), 8175 (Capua), 8176 (Rome); in initials 8001 and 8411 (Capua). Praedis for praediis occurs in ILS 8097 and on tile-stamps, ILS 866Ie, 8663.

^{page 221 note 7} Found in laying an electric cable at Green Bank, Eaton Road, Handbridge (grid ref. SJ 409645), on the line of the Roman road. Another slate tablet was found in 1933 slightly N. of the present find (JRS XXIV (1934), 219 pl. XXIV; Williams, , Chester Arch. J.² XXX (1933), 56Google Scholar, pl. XXIII; Grosvenor Museum Catalogue (1955), no. 54a, fig. 2). Mr. D. F. Petch sent details and a photograph and reported that after D in l. I there is ‘the hint of a bottom bar of the E’ in DEIOT.

The post in LEG XXII DEIOT must precede this legion's disappearance, datable to the period A.D. 119–161. After allowance has been made for tenure of the post of praef. legionis at Chester the latest date for this text will be about A.D. 170.

^{page 221 note 8} Mrs. B. Wood, of Thorner, detected the altar in the beck and had it rescued. Mr. H. G. Ramm sent full details and squeezes, and the Yorkshire Museum provided photographs; the present writer has examined it.

The altar was found at grid ref. point SE 3880 4178, 2 miles SSW. of the Roman villa at Dalton Parlours, Collingham. The mouldings of the capital are in fair condition; the lettering was irregular and is now very weathered. The stone has been broken horizontally below 1. 2 in recent times, presumably when it was ploughed up. The beck at this point has a copse on the S. bank (in Thorner parish), and on the N. (in Scarcroft parish) a ploughed field where part of a second-century Roman bowl, the upper half of a beehive quern and a moulded limestone fragment have been found. It seems likely that the altar was found in ploughing and was at first shifted to the field hedge; from here it could have rolled down the slope into the beck. The left margin of the die had been worn down by the sharpening of implements, probably in Roman times.

For Deo Mapono et N. Aug. (“near Brampton’) see RIB 2063 (CIL VII 332, EE IX, p. 566); Maponus is sometimes equated with Apollo. For Deo Breganti et N. Aug. (Slack) see RIB 623 (EE VII 920); see also (Greetland) RIB 627 (CIL VII 200).

^{page 222 note 9} The work was directed by Miss D. Charlesworth, who lent the fragments to the present writer for study and photography. His full discussion, with restoration-drawing, in Cumb. and West. A.A.S.T. ² LXV (1965), 169–175, has here been summarised. Fourteen fragments were found in an area 7 to 12 ft. SE. of the N. termination of the fort-wall. Eleven were inscribed, one came from a bevelled edge, and two carried neither text nor prepared surface or edge. No fragment still retained any mason's dressing at the back or exceeded I in. in thickness, but the slab had probably been 2 to 3 in. thick before it was broken up for reuse.

The lettering is excellent and shows little weathering. The guide-lines can still be seen in the spaces between the letters, and the latter are boldly rendered to override these lines. The edges are bevelled, and the two lower angles have been chamfered away, and the guide-line to mark the cut is preserved in the lower right-hand corner. The purpose for this was presumably to fit the slab into the spandrel between the two arches. A single guide-line, ⅖ in. below 1. 6, probably indicates that a short word, presumably FECIT, in full or abbreviated form, added a brief 1. 7.

^{page 222 note 10} In Britain the spelling Delmatarum is more frequent than Dalmatarum, e.g. Roman Inscriptions of Britain 810 (CIL VII, 367), RIB 850 (CIL VII, 400) and on diplomas CIL XVI, 69 (JRS XX (1930) 17, 18), CIL XVI, 48 (CIL VII, 1193). For a Fourth Cohort of Delmatians stationed in Britain under Trajan and Hadrian see the diplomas of A.D. 103 and 122 (CIL XVI, 48, 69).

^{page 222 note 11} Found by Miss D. Charlesworth during the construction of a car-park for the Ministry of Public Work and Buildings. The reddish colour of the stone seems natural and not the result of burning.

^{page 222 note 12} Mr. C. Anderson provided details and photographs and Professor E. Birley details of the text. Found about 400 yds. ESE. of SE. angle of the fort, grid ref. NY 669655. Kept by Major J. E. Joicey, M.C., at Blenkinsopp Hall, Haltwhistle, Northd., where he made it available to the present writer for study. The right margin is intact. Most of the top, including the head, and about 2 in. along the left margin, and the lower left-hand corner had broken away. For Mamma, put in the nominative instead of dative case, see CIL XIII, 5783. Du(v)ianus is presumably derived from the ‘nomen’ Duvius, cf. Duvius Avitus, consul in A.D. 56.

The shortness of the tunic suggests that the figure is male. The dresses of women portrayed on the tombstones from Chester (e.g. Grosvenor Museum Catalogue (1955), nos. 119, 120) or from Carlisle (Catalogue … of Stones (1922), no. 88 with fig., no. 103 with pl.) usually reach the ankles. The dedicator seems to have had his own tombstone prepared during his lifetime, and ended by using it for his wife, who died early. The figure carries in the left hand a triangular purse, in the right an indistinct pendent object, which may be a garland. The figure has round the chest a girdle of which the two long ends are left hanging. These appear to be flanked by the lower ends of a wrap (cf. Grosvenor Museum, no. 120); both margins are visible on the figure's left side, but the outer margin is missing on the other side.

^{page 223 note 13} Found by Mr. J. D. Leach and Dr. J. Wilkes who cited it briefly in Discovery and Excavation (Scotland) 1964, 42. Now in Dundee City Museum, of which the Director and staff provided details, a squeeze and photographs. For full discussion, only summarized here, see R. P. Wright, PSAS XCVII, for publication in 1966. The material is Lower Old Red Sandstone. Traces of red paint are preserved in the letters M, P, E and S.

^{page 223 note 14} The size of the fortress, about 30 acres, shows that its legionary garrison will have been only a detachment. The emblems on the side panel mark the dedication as the work of LEG II AVGVSTA. Mr. R. E. Birley's work in 1961 and 1962 produced in the Headquarters Building many examples of a tile-stamp of LEG VI VICTRIX (see JRS LII (1962), 197, no. 37; LIII (1963), 164, no. 30). The interrelation of these two legionary detachments and perhaps of some other garrison must await further excavation.

^{page 223 note 15} The suggestion of et d(ominus) n(oster) was made by Sir Ian Richmond. The combination of the titles dominus noster imperator begins in the later second century, e.g. CIL VI, 2120 (ILS 8380) of A.D. 155; CIL VIII, 10570, col. 4 for Commodus; AE 1934, 280 for Severus and Clodius Albinus. The formula imperator dominus noster was far less frequent. It seems to begin under Septimius Severus, with Caracalla, in A.D. 197 (AE 1904, 75) and A.D. 202 (AE 1950, 237) and in A.D. 199–209 including Geta (AE 1938, 146). In A.D. 213 it was used in a date to cite Caracalla and his fellow-consul (CIL XIII, 7338, 8702). There seems to be no parallel for et connecting imperator with dominus. The greater precision may indicate that the formula had not yet become fully standardized.

^{page 223 note 16} For Bainbridge JRS LI (1961), 192. For Senecio see at Chesters RIB 1462 (CIL VII, 1346; EE VII 1020, 1028; JRS XXVILL (1938), 201), at Birdoswald RIB 1909 (JRS XIX (1929), 214).

^{page 223 note 17} Although Dio LXXVll, I, I and Herodian 111, 15, 6, IV, I condense the events, it is clear from coin issues that the campaign planned by Severus for 211 was carried into effect. For the Risingham dedication of A.D. 213 see RIB 1235 (CIL VII, 1002; EE IX, p. 612); Richmond, Northd. County History XV, 135, no. 19, with pl.

On the lower margin of the sculptured panel there are three letters 1¼ in. high, reading … P·F[ECIT (?). They form a minor, subsidiary inscription, perhaps recording the sculptor or date of his work.

^{page 224 note 18} Mr. R. Hogg sent details and Mr. A. Priestman, of Penrith, provided a photograph and squeeze. Found at grid ref. NY 538293. Now at Brougham Castle.

^{page 224 note 18a} Birley, Cumb. and West. AAST XLVII (1947), 15; LIII (1953), 52; Stevens, Eng. Hist. Rev. LII (1937), 200.

^{page 224 note 19} Sealed beneath road-metalling between two buildings which were probably workshops or storehouses. Mr. D. F. Petch sent the object for study. Most of the letters were sketched in lightly; then >CANDIDI|PISTOR was cut more deeply.

The retention of the first names without deletion shows that a second century, with one or perhaps two short names, was added at the same time. For a leaden die from Caerleon with the names of two centuries see JRS XXIII (1933), 213, fig. 18.

^{page 224 note 20} Grid ref. TQ 554674. Lieut.-Col. G. W. Meates submitted this item and nos. 25, 28a, 28b, and 44.

^{page 224 note 21} Found by Mr. B. W. Cunliffe in excavations for the Chichester Civic Society. The mould is different but the design is the same as the Colchester beaker, CIL VII, 1273; Kisa, , Glas 11, 687Google Scholar, Abb. 280. Dr. D. B. Harden provided detailed notes; examined by the present writer.

^{page 224 note 22} Sent by Mr. J. S. Wacher. It is not from the same mould as the examples from Great Chesterford (CIL VII, 1275, incorrectly given as AP), Corbridge (EE IX, 1301, two examples) or Welshpool (JRS L, 1960, 239).

^{page 224 note 23} Now in the British Museum; notified by Miss D. Charlesworth. Roach Smith, Catalogue of … London Antiquities, no. 225 (with no reading); Haverfield, , Arch. Jour. XLVII (1890), 237Google Scholar, no. 12, with partial reading. Sir Ian Richmond solved part of the reading here given.

^{page 224 note 24} Submitted by Miss D. Charlesworth for the Ministry of Public Building and Works. This seems to be unmatched in CIL XIII.

^{page 224 note 25} Submitted by Mr. A. P. Detsicas, with items nos. 33, 49, and 51 (below). The graffito on a samian bowl (no. 33 below) was found in the same pit. For Ianuaris as a variant of the ‘cognomen’ Ianuarius see ILS 9314 and the Lezoux potter (Oswald, Stamps, s.v.).

^{page 225 note 26} Now in the British Museum, as part of the Franks Bequest. The graffiti were detected by Miss G. Woodhouse of the Sub-Department of Prehistory and Roman Britain. Pretty, , BAAJ ii (1847), 352Google Scholar; for a fig. see Reliquary XIII (1872–73), pl. XVIII; V.C.M. Bucks. II, 5; B.M. Guide Rom. Brit. (1964), 13, fig. 6, 1.

^{page 225 note 27} Submitted by Mr. P. Marsden for the Southwark Archaeological Excavation Committee. Now in Guildhall Museum.

^{page 225 note 28} Now in Guildhall Museum; submitted by Mr. P. Marsden for the City of London Excavation Group. At Huggin Hill, once named Huggin Lane, the site lies W. of the street and is marked as 164 on the RCHM Roman London map. The material which included this plaster and some flue-tiles contained early-second-century pottery and had been dumped on the ‘caldarium’ after disuse.

^{page 225 note 29} Grateful thanks are due to Mr. Boon for providing full details of his exhaustive analysis.

^{page 225 note 30} JRS XLIX (1959), 137, no. 11a.

^{page 225 note 31} The letter L is preceded by a symbol resembling a reversed E. This may provisionally be interpreted as a devolved ansation.

^{page 225 note 32} The terminal G is followed by a device resembling a reversed E with the upper and lower bars splayed. To the present writer this seems to be a devolved ansation. Mr. G. C. Boon regards it as the letter E.

^{page 225 note 33} Mr. H. G. Ramm supplied rubbings and squeezes.

^{page 226 note 34} Sent with details by Professor W. F. Grimes.

^{page 226 note 35} For details see no. 13 (above). Four are preserved by Lieut.-Col. Meates, one is in Maidstone Museum, and five were too friable for preservation.

^{page 226 note 36} Found by Mr. O. Taplin. The tile found in 1879 in a Roman building within a mile of the Titsey villa and recorded as APENDNI or APENDINI may now be amended to this fuller reading. See EE VII, 1129; Leveson-Gower, , Proc. Soc. Ant. ² VIII (1879), 214Google Scholar; Watkin, , Arch. Jour. XXXVII (1880), 154Google Scholar; Whimster, D. C., Surrey (1931), 153.Google Scholar

An amphora-stamp, CIL v, 8112, 51, of which four examples are recorded, abbreviates a ‘cognomen’ to otherwise PATENDINVS, or a name with the same first five letters, seems to be unmatched.

^{page 226 note 37} Dr. G. Webster sent a squeeze and details. Grid ref. SP 295722. For the same die see one example from Hucclecote villa in Gloucester Museum and one found about 1946 at Baginton, 4 miles NE. of Kenilworth (JRS XLVIII (1958), 154, no. 30).

^{page 226 note 38} For details see no. 13 (above).

^{page 226 note 39} Submitted by Mr. R. A. H. Farrar.

^{page 226 note 40} For the excavation see JRS XLVII (1957), 214. For the sherd see Matthews, C. L., Ancient Dunstable, Dunstable, 1963, 64, fig. 21, 3.Google Scholar It is now in the possession of the Manshead Archaeological Society of Dunstable, and was sent, on request, by Mr. C. L. Matthews.

^{page 226 note 41} For the site see above, p. 220; grid ref. TQ 064175. Miss K. J. Evans undertook excavations for Worthing Museum on a ¾ mile strip before the road was widened to N. and S. of the bath-house excavated by Winbolt, and Goodchild, (Sussex Arch. Coll. LXXVIII (1937), 13Google Scholar; LXXXI (1940), 54). She submitted this dish and items 37, 48a, 48b, and 53 (below).

^{page 226 note 42} For the site see above, p. 207. Miss F. Chapman-Purchas directed the excavation on a building-site for the Ministry of Public Building and Works, and submitted this item and nos. 39 and 41 (below).

^{page 226 note 43} See no. 18 (above).

^{page 226 note 44} Brenley Corner lies 1½ miles ESE. of Faversham at the junction of the M2 motorway and Thanet Way, in an area of Roman occupation; see JRS LIII, 190, for earlier work on the site. Mr. F. Jenkins sent details.

^{page 226 note 45} Now in the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff. Mr. G. C. Boon provided details.

^{page 227 note 46} Mr. B. W. Cunliffe submitted for the Chichester Civic Society this item and nos. 38 and 40 (below). Holder, Sprachschatz, cites Primici- as the stem in some place-names. Iapus may be a variant of the potter's stamp Iappus.

^{page 227 note 47} For details of the site see no. 31 (above).

^{page 227 note 48} See n. 46 (above). Although there is a break at either end of the graffito, no further letter will fit into the space restricted here by the foot-stand.

^{page 227 note 49} See no. 32 (above).

^{page 227 note 50} Submitted by Mr. B. W. Cunliffe.

^{page 227 note 51} For Iuncus see ILS 140, 5530; for Iuncinus see ILS 1358, 1434.

^{page 227 note 52} Submitted by Dr. G. Webster.

^{page 227 note 53} Mr. G. C. Boon sent details.

^{page 227 note 54} See no. 13 (above).

^{page 227 note 55} Submitted by Mr. B. W. Cunliffe. Dessau, ILS, and Holder, Sprachschatz cite no personal name Dea[….

^{page 227 note 56} Dr. A. R. Hands sent the sherds and details. For the site see JRS LII, 175; LIV, 166; above, p. 210.

^{page 227 note 57} Found by Mr. G. C. Boon in sorting material in the National Museum of Wales, Cardiff.

^{page 227 note 58} For details of the site see no. 31 (above).

^{page 227 note 59} For details see no. 18 (above). Found in room 40, from a destruction-layer of about A.D. 100–150.

^{page 227 note 60} Submitted by Mr. R. Harper; for the site see p. 203 (above).

^{page 228 note 61} For details see no. 18 (above). Found in room 33 in a rubbish deposit of about A.D. 100–150.

^{page 228 note 62} For the site see p. 217 (above) and JRS LIII (1963), 150. Submitted by Mr. A. T. Morley Hewitt. The legend may have encircled the vessel and expressed a lucky greeting (prosperam). The ablative case in 1. 2 may have marked a date by citing a pair of consuls or of local magistrates. It is less likely to be the dative case.

^{page 228 note 63} For details see no. 31 (above).

^{page 228 note 64} Dr. G. Webster supplied details and a photograph.

^{page 228 note 65} Examined by the present writer after information from Miss J. Kewley.

^{page 228 note 66} Dr. H. Lieb proposed these amendments, which are gratefully accepted. It should be said that no other instance of LITHOS occurs among eye-remedies. For the Greek form Polychronios see Corpus Inscr. Graec. 2824, 2828.