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Roman Britain, 1910–1960

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 September 2012

I. A. Richmond
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Extract

In 1910, when the Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies was founded, the study of Roman Britain was already firmly set upon its path. Earlier brilliant treatments by F. Haverfield, in Traill's Social England, in the Victoria County History and in his own Romanization of Roman Britain, had set a general picture which was an attractive and cogent synthesis of the evidence provided by literature and archaeology. There already existed, thanks to a long tradition of private enterprise and to enlightened action of such bodies as the Society of Antiquaries of London, a substantial body of archaeological material, extending not merely to objects, but to buildings and their plans. Thus, by 1911, John Ward could publish a volume on Romano-British Buildings and Earthworks which, for its day, curried a volume of detailed information quite unsurpassed in any other province of the Empire. Here the antiquities of the military area and of the countryside were illustrated with particular vividness. But highly important work had already been done in the urban areas. The excavation of the Romano-British cantonal capital of Silchester, organized by the Society of Antiquaries of London, had already been estimated by Haverfield to have made it ‘better known, perhaps, than any provincial town of the Roman Empire’. Excavations of the same type, directed to the wholesale uncovering of foundations over wide areas, were also in progress at Caerwent and were revealing the striking differences which might obtain between communities in different areas of the province.

Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Roman Studies , Volume 50 , Issue 1-2 , November 1960 , pp. 173 - 191
Copyright
Copyright © I. A. Richmond 1960. Exclusive Licence to Publish: The Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies

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254 Archaeologia LXXXVIII, 175–228.

255 JRS XLVIII, 98.

256 JRS XLV, pl. XIX. XLIII, pls XI, 2, XII: R. L. Bruce-Mitford, Recent archaeological excavations in Britain, pl. LI.

257 Gloucester, , O'Neil, H. E., Trans. Bristol and Glos. A. Soc. LXXVII, 1–22Google Scholar (late second century); cf. ibid. LIII, 267–293 for dating to Nerva; Lincoln, see note 26 above.

258 See note 26 above.

259 JRS XLIX, 127, fig. 21.

260 JRS XXXVIII, 88: F. T. Baker, Roman Lincoln 1945–1954, 20.

261 Arch. Journ. CXI, 106–128.

262 Kenyon, K. M., Excavations at the Jewry wall site, Leicester (Soc. Ant. Research Report XV), 1948Google Scholar; JRS XLIX, 113–14, for J. Wacher's discoveries.

263 Proc. Dorset N.H. and Arch. Soc. LIX, 1–14.

264 Ant. J. XX, 435–440.

265 JRS XXXIX, 108.

266 No comprehensive report has yet been published. Annual summaries occur in JRS XXXV–XLVIII.

267 JRS XLI, 139, fig. 23.

268 White, G. M., Ant. J. XVI, 149–159Google Scholar (amphitheatre): Wilson, A. E., The archaeology of Chichester City walls (The Chichester papers, no. 6, Chichester 1957)Google Scholar.

269 Fox, Aileen, Roman Exeter (Manchester, 1952)Google Scholar.

270 Archaeologia XCII, 121–168.

271 ibid. 135.

272 ibid. 140.

273 G. Boon, Roman Silchester, 51–54; Hants. Field Club XXI, 21.

274 Woolhope Club Research Report: Excavations on the site of the Romano-British town of Magna, Kenchester, Herefordshire 1912–13.

275 JRS XLIII, pl. XIV, 1.

275 Heys, F. G. and Thomas, M. J., Woolhope Club Trans. XXXV, 138 ff.Google Scholar; XXXVI, 100–116: at Mildenhall, JRS XLIII, pl. XIII, 2 excavation has shown a similar wall and bastions to be contemporary and fourth-century, cf. Wilts. Arch. Mag. LVII, 233–5.

277 JRS XLVIII, 93, pl. XIV; for external buildings; ibid. 139, fig. 14.

278 JRS XLVIII, 138, fig. 13.

279 JRS XL, 106, fig. 23.

280 Ant. J. VII, 147–184; IX, 103–136; XII, 35–67.

281 Oxoniensia II, 41–73.

282 P. Corder, The Roman town and villa at Great Casterton, Rutland, Second Interim Report 1954, 1–6: JRS XLV, 132–3: Arch. Journ. CXII, 32–33.

283 JRS XLVII, 210, fig. 20.

284 Arch. Journ. CIII, 21–3, fig. 2.

285 ibid. 22–5; recent work, Ant. J. L, forth coming.

286 Oswald, A. and Gathercole, P. W., Trans. Birmingham Arch. Soc. LXXIV, 30–52Google Scholar.

287 Webster, G., Trans. Birmingham Arch. Soc. LXXV, 24–9Google Scholar, but see below, p. 223.

288 Ant. J. VIII, 76–86.

289 Ant. J. VIII, 300–326; colonnade, JRS XXVII, 241.

290 VCH Oxon. 1, 299 ff. Oxoniensia XIV, 1–45 on the site and its bronzes: coins, JRS XXI, 101–9: temple, Oxoniensia XIX, 15–37.

291 Oxoniensia IV, 1–70.

292 JRS XLIX, 133–5, fig. 27; see below, p. 235.

293 JRS XLIX, 129, fig. 23.

294 Ant.J. XVII, 29–30.

295 Proc. Somerset Arch. Soc. XCVI, 112–142; CI, 15–44.

296 Maiden Castle, Dorset (Soc. Ant. Research Report XII), 131–4.

297 Hull, M. R., Roman Colchester (Soc. Ant. Research Report XX), 259–271Google Scholar: air-photograph of temple, JRS XL, pl. VIII, 2.

298 R. E. M., and Wheeler, T. V., Report on the Excavation of the prehistoric Roman and post-Roman site in Lydney Park, Gloucestershire (Soc. Ant. Research Report IX), 1932Google Scholar.

299 Richmond, I. A. and Toynbee, J. M. C., JRS XLV, 97–105Google Scholar.

300 Lockleys, , Perkins, J. B. Ward, Ant. J. XVIII, 339–376Google Scholar: Street, Park, O'Neil, H. E., Arch. Journ. CII, 21–110Google Scholar.

301 Oxoniensia 1, 24–69.

302 Smith, D. J., JRS XLVI, 131, fig. 32Google Scholar.

303 JRS XXI, 242–3; Liddell, D. M., Hants. Field Club. Proc. X, 225–236Google Scholar.

304 Cocks, A. H., Archaeologia LXXI, 141–198Google Scholar: on corn-drying ovens, Goodchild, R. G., Ant. J. XXIII, 148–153Google Scholar.

305 O'Neil, B. H. St. J., Journ. Royal Inst. Cornwall XXIV, appendix 1–59Google Scholar.

306 D. Ashcroft, Staffs. Record Soc. Hist. Coll., 1938, 267–293.

307 Corder, P., The Roman town and villa at Great Casterton, Rutland, (1951, Univ. of Nottingham), 15–40Google Scholar; Second Interim Report 1954, 11–46.

308 G. W. Meates, Lullingstone Roman villa (1955): JRS XLVII, 224; XLVIII, 149; XLIX.

309 JRS XXXIV, 81, fig. 8.

310 Archaeologia LXXV, 109–133.

311 JRS XXXVII, 173–4, fig. 19.

312 JRS XXVI, 142, pl. XI (mosaic); XXVIII, 95 (plan).

313 Trans. Bristol and Glos. A. Soc. LXXVIII; below, p. 230.

314 Ditchley, Oxoniensia 1, 32, pl. III; Milton, Little, JRS XL, pl. VI, 2Google Scholar.

315 JRS XLV, pls. XX, XX 1.

316 J. W. Brailsford, The Mildenhall Treasure, 1947.

317 JRS XXXI, 100–127.