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Oil Crises and Policy Continuity: A History of Failure to Change

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 June 2012

Ian Ostrander  and
William R. Lowry
Ian Ostrander
Affiliation:
Washington University
William R. Lowry
Affiliation:
Washington University
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Journal of Policy History , Volume 24 , Issue 3 , July 2012 , pp. 384 - 404
Copyright
Copyright © Donald Critchlow and Cambridge University Press 2012

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References

NOTES

1. President Barack Obama, speech from the White House, 15 June 2010.

2. Ibid.

3. Gallup poll, “Association with the Environmental Movement,” taken 11–14 March 2007.

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13. We used Frank Baumgartner’s Policy Agendas Project for some of these data.

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27. Quoted in Congressional Quarterly Almanac 1975, 175.

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29. Congressional Quarterly Almanac 1978, 637.

30. Gallup Report 285, “Environment Regaining a Foothold on the National Agenda,” 2–12 at 9.

31. For examples, see Robert J. Samuelson, “Energy Tax Needed Now,” and William Lowry, “U.S. Destroyed Energy Policies,” both in the St. Louis Post-Dispatch, 4 April 1991.

32. Campaign speech of 18 August 1988.

33. Shipan, Charles R. and Lowry, William R., “Environmental Policy and Party Divergence in Congress,” Political Research Quarterly 54, no. 2 (2001): 245–63CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Lowry, William R., “Disentangling Energy Policy from Environmental Policy,” Social Science Quarterly 89, no. 5 (2008): 1195–1211.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

34. Congressional Quarterly Almanac 1992, 231–32.

35. Lowry, “Disentangling Energy Policy from Environmental Policy,” 1206–7.

36. Gallup Report, Tuesday Briefing, December 2005, “Iraq and Terrorism Are Top Priorities,” 74.

37. See, for example, “Feeding the Oil Addiction,” Washington Post, 3 February 2006.

38. John M. Broder, “Oil Spill May Spur Action on Energy, Probably Not on Climate,” New York Times, 12 June 2010.

39. Pew Center on Excellence in Journalism, www.journalism.org.

40. See, for example, “Unanswered Questions on the Spill,” New York Times, 1 May 2010.

41. Paul Krugman, “Drilling, Disaster, and Denial,” New York Times, 3 May 2010.

42. Lymari Morales, “Americans Critical of Oil Spill Response; Keeping Close Tabs,” Gallup, 27 May 2010.

43. Ibid.

44. Paul Krugman, “Sex & Drugs & the Spill,” New York Times, 10 May 2010.

45. John M. Broder and Helene Cooper, “Obama Vows End to ‘Cozy’ Oversight of Oil Industry,” New York Times, 14 May 2010.

46. Ian Urbina, “Despite Moratorium, Drilling Projects Move Ahead,” New York Times, 32 May 2010.

47. William Yardley, “Arctic Drilling Proposal Advanced amid Concern,” New York Times, 19 May 2010.

48. Ryan Lizza, “As the World Burns,” The New Yorker, 11 October 2010.

49. Chris Cillizza, “Gulf Oil Spill Fades as Issue,” Washington Post, 15 July 2010.

50. Mintrom, Michael and Vergari, Sandra, “Advocacy Coalitions, Policy Entrepreneurs, and Policy Change,” Policy Studies Journal 24 (1996): 420–34CrossRefGoogle Scholar at 425; Sabatier, Paul and Jenkins-Smith, Hank, “The Advocacy Coalition Framework: An Assessment,” in Theories of the Policy Process (Boulder, 1999), 117–66Google Scholar at 147.

51. Sissine, “Renewable Energy R&D Funding History.”

52. Mazmanian, Daniel A. and Nienaber, Jeanne, Can Organizations Change? (Washington, D.C., 1979)Google Scholar; Lowry, Dam Politics; Reisner, Cadillac Desert.

53. Reisner, Cadillac Desert, 295; Nash, Roderick Frazier, Wilderness and the American Mind, 4th ed. (New Haven, 2001), 215–37Google Scholar; Lowry, William R., “Potential Focusing Projects and Policy Change,” Policy Studies Journal 34, no. 3 (2006): 313–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

54. Baumgartner and Jones, Agendas and Instability in American Politics, 67–68; Campbell, Collapse of an Industry, 53; Duffy, Nuclear Politics in America, 103–12; Weart, Nuclear Fear.

55. Nealey, Stanley M., Melber, Barbara D., and Rankin, William L., Public Opinion and Nuclear Energy (Lexington, Mass., 1983), 16.Google Scholar

56. Louis Harris and Associates, “A Survey of Public and Leadership Attitudes Toward Nuclear Power Development in the United States” (New York, 1975), ii.

57. Nealey, Melber, and Rankin, Public Opinion and Nuclear Energy, 16–17.

58. Duffy, Nuclear Politics in America, 168.

59. Yergin, The Prize, 13.

60. Rutledge, Ian, Addicted to Oil (New York, 2005), 6–7Google Scholar; Yeomans, Oil, chap. 6; Briody, Dan, The Halliburton Agenda (New York, 2004).Google Scholar

61. Yeomans, Oil, 163.

62. Rutledge, Addicted to Oil, 7; Briody, The Halliburton Agenda, 215.

63. Jackie Calmes, “Republican Backpedals from Apology to BP,” New York Times, 17 June 2010.

64. Lowry, “Disentangling Energy Policy from Environmental Policy,” 1207.

65. Shipan and Lowry, “Environmental Policy and Party Divergence in Congress,” 251.