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Accepted manuscript

Predictions of core plasma performance for the Infinity Two Fusion Pilot Plant

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  24 March 2025

W. Guttenfelder*
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
N. R. Mandell
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
G. Le Bars
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
L. Singh
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
A. Bader
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
K. Camacho Mata
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
J. M. Canik
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
L. Carbajal
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
A. Cerfon
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
N. M. Davila
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
W. D. Dorland
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
C. C. Hegna
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
C. Holland
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
D. P. Huet
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
M. Landreman
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
C. Lau
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
A. Malkus
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
B. Medasani
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
J. Morrissey
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
J.C. Schmitt
Affiliation:
Type One Energy, Knoxville, TN 37931, USA
*
Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

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Transport characteristics and predicted confinement are shown for the Infinity Two fusion pilot plant baseline plasma physics design, a high field stellarator concept developed using modern optimization techniques. Transport predictions are made using high fidelity nonlinear gyrokinetic turbulence simulations along with drift kinetic neoclassical simulations. A pellet fueled scenario is proposed that enables supporting an edge density gradient to substantially reduce ion temperature gradient turbulence. Trapped electron mode turbulence is minimized through the quasi-isodynamic configuration that has been optimized with max-J. A baseline operating point with deuterium-tritium fusion power of Pfus,DT = 800 MW with high fusion gain Qfus = 40 is demonstrated, respecting the Sudo density limit and magnetohydrodynamic stability limits. Additional higher power operating points are also predicted, including a fully ignited (Qfus = ∞) case with Pfus,DT = 1.5 GW. Pellet ablation calculations indicate it is plausible to fuel and sustain the desired density profile. Impurity transport calculations indicate turbulent fluxes dominate neoclassical fluxes deep into the core, and it is predicted that impurity peaking will be smaller than assumed in the transport simulations. A path to access large radiation fraction needed to satisfy exhaust requirements while sustaining core performance is also discussed.

Type
Research Article
Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BY
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press