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Implementation of higher-order velocity mapping between marker particles and grid in the particle-in-cell code XGC

Part of: Focus on Fusion

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  04 May 2021

Albert Mollén Open the ORCID record for Albert Mollén [Opens in a new window] ,
M. F. Adams Open the ORCID record for M. F. Adams [Opens in a new window] ,
M. G. Knepley Open the ORCID record for M. G. Knepley [Opens in a new window] ,
R. Hager Open the ORCID record for R. Hager [Opens in a new window]  and
C. S. Chang Open the ORCID record for C. S. Chang [Opens in a new window]
Albert Mollén*
Affiliation:
Theory Department, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ08543-0451, USA
M. F. Adams
Affiliation:
Scalable Solvers Group, Computational Research Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA94720, USA
M. G. Knepley
Affiliation:
Computer Science and Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY14260-2500, USA
R. Hager
Affiliation:
Theory Department, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ08543-0451, USA
C. S. Chang
Affiliation:
Theory Department, Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ08543-0451, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The global total-$f$ gyrokinetic particle-in-cell code XGC, used to study transport in magnetic fusion plasmas or to couple with a core gyrokinetic code while functioning as an edge gyrokinetic code, implements a five-dimensional continuum grid to perform the dissipative operations, such as plasma collisions, or to exchange the particle distribution function information with a core code. To transfer the distribution function between marker particles and a rectangular two-dimensional velocity-space grid, XGC employs a bilinear mapping. The conservation of particle density and momentum is accurate enough in this bilinear operation, but the error in the particle energy conservation can become undesirably large and cause non-negligible numerical heating in a steep edge pedestal. In the present work we update XGC to use a novel mapping technique, based on the calculation of a pseudo-inverse, to exactly preserve moments up to the order of the discretization space. We describe the details of the implementation and we demonstrate the reduced interpolation error for a tokamak test plasma using first- and second-order elements with the pseudo-inverse method and comparing with the bilinear mapping.

Keywords

fusion plasmaplasma simulation
Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Plasma Physics , Volume 87 , Issue 2 , April 2021 , 905870229
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Copyright
Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press

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