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The hot hELicon eXperiment (HELIX) and the large experiment on instabilities and anisotropy (LEIA)

Part of: Experiments Fundamental Plasma Physics

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 October 2014

E. E. Scime ,
P. A. Keiter ,
M. M. Balkey ,
J. L. Kline ,
X. Sun ,
A. M. Keesee Open the ORCID record for A. M. Keesee [Opens in a new window] ,
R. A. Hardin ,
I. A. Biloiu ,
S. Houshmandyar  and
S. Chakraborty Thakur
...Show all authors
E. E. Scime*
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
P. A. Keiter
Affiliation:
Department of Atmospheric and Space Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
M. M. Balkey
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
J. L. Kline
Affiliation:
Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
X. Sun
Affiliation:
Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
A. M. Keesee
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
R. A. Hardin
Affiliation:
Wacker Polysilicon North America LLC, Charleston, TN 37310, USA
I. A. Biloiu
Affiliation:
US Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, MD 20783, USA
S. Houshmandyar
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Gonzaga University, Spokane, WA 99258, USA
S. Chakraborty Thakur
Affiliation:
Center for Energy Research, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
J. Carr Jr.
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, Texas Lutheran University, Seguin, TX 78155, USA
M. Galante
Affiliation:
Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA
D. McCarren
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
S. Sears
Affiliation:
Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
*
†Email address for correspondence: [email protected]
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Abstract

The West Virginia University Hot hELIcon eXperiment (HELIX) provides variable density and ion temperature plasmas, with controllable levels of thermal anisotropy, for space relevant laboratory experiments in the Large Experiment on Instabilities and Anisotropy (LEIA) as well as fundamental studies of helicon source physics in HELIX. Through auxiliary ion heating, the ion temperature anisotropy (T⊥/T∥) is variable from 1 to 20 for parallel plasma beta (β = 8πnkTi∥/B2) values that span the range of 0.0001 to 0.01 in LEIA. The ion velocity distribution function is measured throughout the discharge volume in steady-state and pulsed plasmas with laser induced fluorescence (LIF). The wavelengths of very short wavelength electrostatic fluctuations are measured with a coherent microwave scattering system. Operating at low neutral pressures triggers spontaneous formation of a current-free electric double layer. Ion acceleration through the double layer is detected through LIF. LIF-based velocity space tomography of the accelerated beam provides a two-dimensional mapping of the bulk and beam ion distribution functions. The driving frequency for the m = 1 helical antenna is continuously variable from 8.5 to 16 MHz and frequency dependent variations of the RF coupling to the plasma allow the spontaneously appearing double layers to be turned on and off without modifying the plasma collisionality or magnetic field geometry. Single and multi-species plasmas are created with argon, helium, nitrogen, krypton, and xenon. The noble gas plasmas have steep neutral density gradients, with ionization levels reaching 100% in the core of the plasma source. The large plasma density in the source enables the study of Aflvén waves in the HELIX device.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Plasma Physics , Volume 81 , Issue 1 , January 2015 , 345810103
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Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2014 

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