There are relatively few large collections of decapod crustacean fossils in the museums of the world. Most of them are well known and serve as depositories for numerous type and figured specimens that are documented in the literature. The purpose of this note is to call attention to the extensive decapod crustacean collection in the Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Brussels–a collection that is largely attributable to the efforts of the late Dr. Victor Van Straelen.