Hostname: page-component-6bf8c574d5-8gtf8 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2025-02-23T23:34:44.812Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Morphology of the radiodontan Lyrarapax from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 August 2016

Peiyun Cong ,
Allison C. Daley ,
Gregory D. Edgecombe ,
Xianguang Hou  and
Ailin Chen
Peiyun Cong
Affiliation:
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China 〈[email protected]〉 〈[email protected]〉
Allison C. Daley
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, The Tinbergen Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK 〈[email protected]〉 Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK
Gregory D. Edgecombe
Affiliation:
Department of Earth Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK 〈[email protected]〉
Xianguang Hou
Affiliation:
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China 〈[email protected]〉 〈[email protected]〉
Ailin Chen
Affiliation:
Yunnan Key Laboratory for Palaeobiology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China 〈[email protected]〉 〈[email protected]〉 Research Center of Paleobiology, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100, China 〈[email protected]〉
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The recently described radiodontan Lyrarapax unguispinus Cong et al., 2014 from the Chengjiang biota (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 3) highlighted a new morphological type of frontal appendage and unique mouth structures, a functional combination reinforcing the diversification of feeding strategies of radiodontans during the early Cambrian. Here we describe Lyrarapax trilobus n. sp. from the same fossil Konservat-Lagerstätte. The new species differs from L. unguispinus in the morphology and distribution of endites on the frontal appendage and the strengthening structure of the body flaps. The two species resemble each other in body shape (pattern of flap size), neck segment number, cephalic plates, and most importantly a mouth characterized by concentric wrinkled furrows. The latter confirms that a soft mouth without sclerotized plates is a real feature of Lyrarapax and supports the idea that oral structures provide valid diagnostic characters within Radiodonta.

Type
Articles
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 90 , Issue 4 , July 2016 , pp. 663 - 671
Copyright
Copyright © 2016, The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aria, C., Caron, J., and Gaines, R., 2015, A large new leanchoiliid from the Burgess Shale and the influence of inapplicable states on stem arthropod phylogeny: Palaeontology, v. 58, p. 629–660.Google Scholar
Bergström, J., 1986, Opabinia and Anomalocaris, unique Cambrian ‘arthropods’: Lethaia, v. 19, p. 241–246.Google Scholar
Bergström, J., 1987, The Cambrian Opabinia and Anomalocaris : Lethaia, v. 20, p. 187–188.Google Scholar
Budd, G.E., 1993, A Cambrian gilled lobopodian from Greenland: Nature, v. 364, p. 709–711.Google Scholar
Budd, G.E., 1998, Arthropod body-plan evolution in the Cambrian with an example from anomalocaridid muscle: Lethaia, v. 31, p. 197–210.Google Scholar
Chen, J., Ramsköld, L., and Zhou, G., 1994, Evidence for monophyly and arthropod affinity of Cambrian giant predators: Science, v. 264, p. 1304–1308.Google Scholar
Chen, J., Zhou, G., Zhu, M., and Yeh, K., 1997, The Chengjiang Biota, A Unique Window of the Cambrian Explosion, Taichung, National Museum of Natural Science, 222 p. [in Chinese].Google Scholar
Collins, D., 1996, The “evolution” of Anomalocaris and its classification in the arthropod class Dinocarida (nov.) and order Radiodonta (nov.): Journal of Paleontology, v. 70, p. 280–293.Google Scholar
Cong, P., Ma, X., Hou, X., Edgecombe, G.D., and Strausfeld, N.J., 2014, Brain structure resolves the segmental affinity of anomalocaridid appendages: Nature, v. 513, p. 538–542.Google Scholar
Daley, A.C., and Bergström, J., 2012, The oral cone of Anomalocaris is not a classic “peytoia”: Naturwissenschaften, v. 99, p. 501–504.Google Scholar
Daley, A.C., and Budd, G.E., 2010, New anomalocaridid appendages from the Burgess Shale, Canada: Palaeontology, v. 53, p. 721–738.Google Scholar
Daley, A.C., and Edgecombe, G.D., 2014, Morphology of Anomalocaris canadensis from the Burgess Shale: Palaeontology, v. 88, p. 68–91.Google Scholar
Daley, A.C., and Peel, J.S., 2010, A possible anomalocaridid from the Cambrian Sirius Passet Lagerstätte, North Greenland: Journal of Paleontology, v. 84, p. 352–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daley, A.C., Budd, G.E., Caron, J.-B., Edgecombe, G.D., and Collins, D., 2009, The Burgess Shale anomalocaridid Hurdia and its significance for early euarthropod evolution: Science, v. 323, p. 1597–1600.Google Scholar
Daley, A.C., Budd, G.E., and Caron, J.-B., 2013a, The morphology and systematics of the anomalocaridid Hurdia from the Middle Cambrian of British Columbia and Utah: Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, v. 11, p. 743–787.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Daley, A.C., Paterson, J.R., Edgecombe, G.D., García-Bellido, D.C., and Jago, J.B., 2013b, New anatomical information on Anomalocaris from the Cambrian Emu Bay Shale of South Australia and a reassessment of its inferred predatory habits: Palaeontology, v. 56, p. 971–990.Google Scholar
Edgecombe, G.D., García-Bellido, D.C., and Paterson, J.R., 2011, A new leanchoiliid megacheiran arthropod from the Lower Cambrian Emu Bay Shale, South Australia: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, v. 56, p. 385–400.Google Scholar
Hou, X., and Bergström, J., 1997, Arthropods of the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang fauna, southwest China, Fossils and Strata, No. 45 116 p.Google Scholar
Hou, X., Bergström, J., and Ahlberg, P., 1995, Anomalocaris and other large animals in the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang Fauna of southwest China: GFF, v. 117, p. 163–183.Google Scholar
Hou, X., Aldridge, R.J., Bergström, J., Siveter, D.J., Siveter, D.J., and Feng, X., 2004, The Cambrian fossils of Chengjiang, China - the flowering of early animal life, Oxford, Blackwell Science, xii + 233p.Google Scholar
Hu, S., 2005, Taphonomy and palaeoecology of the Early Cambrian Chengjiang biota from Eastern Yunnan, China: Berliner Paläobiologische Abhandlungen, band, v. 7, 197 p.Google Scholar
Huang, D., Wang, Y., Gao, J., and Wang, Y., 2012, A new anomalocaridid frontal appendage from the Middle Cambrian Mantou Formation of the Tangshan Area: Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, v. 51, p. 411–415 [in Chinese with English abstract].Google Scholar
Kühl, G., Briggs, D.E.G., and Rust, J., 2009, A great-appendage arthropod with a radial mouth from the Lower Devonian Hunsruck Slate, Germany: Science, v. 323, p. 771.Google Scholar
Lankester, E.R., 1904, The structure and classification of Arthropoda: Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, v. 47, p. 523–582.Google Scholar
Legg, D.A., Sutton, M.D., and Edgecombe, G.D., 2013, Arthropod fossil data increase congruence of morphological and molecular phylogenies: Nature Communications, v. 4, n. 2485 doi: 10.1038/ncomms3485.Google Scholar
Lerosey-Aubril, R., Hegna, T.A., Babcock, L.E., Bonino, E., and Kier, C., 2014, Arthropod appendages from the Weeks Formation Konservat-Lagerstätte: new occurrences of anomalocaridids in the Cambrian of Utah, USA: Bulletin of Geoscience, v. 89, p. 269–282.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Liu, Q., 2013, The first discovery of anomalocaridid appendages from the Balang Formation (Cambrian Series 2) in Hunan, China: Alcheringa, v. 37, p. 338–343.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lu, Y., 1941, Lower Cambrian stratigraphy and trilobite faunas of Kunming, Yunnan: Bulletin of the Geological Society of China, v. 21, p. 71–90.Google Scholar
Luo, H., Jiang, Z., Wu, X., Song, X., Lin., O., Xing, Y., Liu, G., Zhang, S., and Tao, Y., 1984, Sinian-Cambrian Boundary Stratotype Section at Meishucun, Jinning, Yunnan, China, Kunming, People’s Publishing House of Yunnan, 154 p. [In Chinese with English summary].Google Scholar
Luo, H., Jiang, Z., and Tang, L., 1994, Stratotype Section for Lower Cambrian Stages in China, Kunming, Yunnan Science and Technology Press, 183 p. [In Chinese with English summary].Google Scholar
National Commission on Stratigraphy of China (NCSC), ed., 2012, Stratigraphic Chart of China (English version), Beijing, Geological Publishing House.Google Scholar
National Commission on Stratigraphy of China (NCSC), ed., 2014, Stratigraphic Chart of China, Beijing, Geological publishing House [In Chinese].Google Scholar
Nedin, C., 1995, The Emu Bay Shale, a Lower Cambrian fossil Lagerstätten, Kangaroo Island, South Australia: Memoirs of the Association of Australian Palaeontologists, v. 18, p. 31–40.Google Scholar
Ortega-Hernández, J., 2015, Homology of head sclerites in Burges Shale euarthropods: Current Biology, v. 25, p. 1625–1633.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paterson, J.R., García-Bellido, D.C, Lee, M.S.Y., Brock, G.A., Jago, J.D., and Edgecombe, G.D., 2011, Acute vision in the giant Cambrian predator Anomalocaris and the origin of compound eyes: Nature, v. 480, p. 237–240.Google Scholar
Smith, M.R., and Ortega-Hernández, J., 2014, Hallucigenia’s onychophoran-like claws and the case for Tactopoda: Nature, v. 514, p. 363–366.Google Scholar
Van Roy, P., and Briggs, D.E.G., 2011, A giant Ordovician anomalocaridid: Nature, v. 473, p. 510–513.Google Scholar
Van Roy, P., Daley, A.C., and Briggs, D.E.G., 2015, Anomalocaridid trunk limb homology revealed by a giant filter feeder with paired flaps: Nature, v. 522, p. 77–80.Google Scholar
Vinther, J., Stein, M., Longrich, N.R., and Harper, D.A.T., 2014, A suspension-feeding anomalocarid from the Early Cambrian: Nature, v. 507, p. 496–499.Google Scholar
Walcott, C.D., 1911, Middle Cambrian Holothurians and Medusae: Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, v. 57, p. 41–68.Google Scholar
Walcott, C.D., 1912, Middle Cambrian Branchiopoda, Malacostraca, Trilobita and Merostomata: Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, v. 57, p. 145–228.Google Scholar
Wang, Y., Huang, D., and Hu, S., 2013, New anomalocaridid frontal appendages from the Guanshan biota, eastern Yunnan: Chinese Science Bulletin, v. 58, p. 3937–3942.Google Scholar
Wang, Z., Huang, Z., Yao, J., and Ma, X., 2014, Characteristics and main progress of the Stratigraphic Chart of China and Directions: Acta Geoscientica Sinica, v. 35, p. 271–276 [In Chinese with English abstract].Google Scholar
Whiteaves, J.F., 1892, Description of a new genus and species of phyllocarid Crustacea from the Middle Cambrian of Mount Stephen, B.C.: Canadian Record of Science, v. 5, p. 205–208.Google Scholar
Whittington, H.B., and Briggs, D.E.G., 1985, The largest Cambrian animal, Anomalocaris, Burgess Shale, British Columbia: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, v. 309, p. 569–609.Google Scholar