Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T02:48:22.522Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

An ichthyofauna from the subsurface Devonian of northwestern Iowa and its biostratigraphic and paleoecologic significance

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Glenn W. Storrs*
Affiliation:
Department of Geology and Geophysics and Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511

Abstract

A fauna of disarticulated Devonian fossil fish remains includes osteolepid, palaeoniscoid, acanthodian, placoderm, and possible agnathan material. Lithologic and biostratigraphic evidence for a lacustrine or paludal environmental interpretation is examined. Palynomorphs from the deposit suggest a Middle (Givetian) to early Late (Frasnian) Devonian age which is compatible with the faunal evidence.

Type
Research Article
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Agassiz, L. 1833–1844. Recherches sur les Poissons Fossiles. Neuchâtel, 5 vols., 1,420 p.Google Scholar
Aldinger, H. 1937. Permische Ganoidfische aus Ostgrönland. Meddelanden om Gr⊘nland, 102(3):1392.Google Scholar
Brotzen, F. 1934. Die Morphologie und Histologic der Proostea-(Acanthodiden) Schuppen. Arkiv för Zoologi, 26A(23):127.Google Scholar
Bunker, B. J. 1981. The tectonic history of the Transcontinental Arch and Nemaha Uplift and their relationship to the Cretaceous rocks of the central midcontinent region. Iowa Geological Survey Guidebook, 4, 24 p.Google Scholar
Casier, E. 1952. Contributions à l'étude des poissons fossiles de la Belgique, X. Un palaeoniscoide du Famennian inférieur de la Fagne: Stereolepis marginis n. gen., n. sp. Bulletin, Institut Royal de Sciences Naturelles de Belgique (Brussels), 28(47):117.Google Scholar
Casier, E. 1954. Contributions à l'étude des poissons fossiles de la Belgique, XI. Note additionnelle relative a “Stereolepis” (=Osorioichthys no v. nom.) et à l'origine de l'interoperculaire. Bulletin, Institut Royal de Sciences Belgique (Brussels), 30(2):112.Google Scholar
Clarke, J. M. 1885. On the Higher Devonian fauna of Ontario County, New York. U.S. Geological Survey, Bulletin, 3(16):39120.Google Scholar
Denison, R. H. 1951. Late Devonian freshwater fishes from the western United States. Fieldiana, Geology, 11(5):221261.Google Scholar
Denison, R. H. 1956. A review of the habitat of the earliest vertebrates. Fieldiana, Geology, 11(8):359457.Google Scholar
Denison, R. H. 1978. Placodermi. Handbook of Paleoichthyology, 2. 128 p.Google Scholar
Denison, R. H. 1979. Acanthodii. Handbook of Paleoichthyology, 5. 62 p.Google Scholar
Dineley, D. L. 1984. Devonian vertebrates in biostratigraphy. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales, 107(3):185196 (1983).Google Scholar
Dunkle, D. H. and Schaeffer, B. 1973. Tegeolepis clarki (Newberry), a palaeonisciform from the Upper Devonian Ohio Shale. Palaeontographica, ser. A, 143:151158.Google Scholar
Eastman, C. R. 1907. Devonian fishes of Iowa. Iowa Geological Survey, Annual Report, 18:29386.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardiner, B. G. 1963. Certain palaeoniscoid fishes and the evolution of the snout in actinopterygians. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, 8(6):255325.Google Scholar
Gardiner, B. G. 1984. The relationships of the paleoniscid fishes, a review based on new specimens of Mimia and Moythomasia from the Upper Devonian of Western Australia. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, 37(4):173428.Google Scholar
Gardiner, B. G. and Bartram, A. W. H. 1977. The homologies of ventral cranial fissures in osteichthyans, p. 227245. In Andrews, S. M., Miles, R. S. and Walker, A. (eds.), Problems in Vertebrate Evolution. Academic Press, London.Google Scholar
Giffin, E. B. 1980. Devonian vertebrates from Australia. Postilla, 180:115.Google Scholar
Gregory, J. T., Morgan, T. G. and Reed, J. W. 1977. Devonian fishes in central Nevada, p. 112120. In Murphy, M. A., Berry, W. B. N. and Sandberg, C. A. (eds.), Western North America: Devonian. University of California, Riverside, Museum Contributions, 4.Google Scholar
Greiner, H. R. 1977. Crossopterygian fauna from the Albert Formation, New Brunswick, Canada, and its stratigraphical-paleoecological significance. Journal of Paleontology, 51:4456.Google Scholar
Gross, W. 1933a. Die Fische des baltischen Devons. Palaeontographica, ser. A, 79:172.Google Scholar
Gross, W. 1933b. Die Wirbeltiere des rheinischen Devons. Abhandlungen Preussische Geologische Landesanstalt, (N.F.), 154:584.Google Scholar
Gross, W. 1941. Über den Unterkiefer einiger devonischer Crossopterygier. Abhandlungen Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 7:151.Google Scholar
Gross, W. 1942. Die Fischfauna des baltischen Devons und ihre biostratigraphische Bedeutung. Korrespondenzblatt der Naturforscher-Vereins zu Riga, 64:373436.Google Scholar
Gross, W. 1947. Die Agnathen und Acanthodier des obersilurischen Beyrichienkalks. Palaeontographica, ser. A, 96:91161.Google Scholar
Gross, W. 1953. Devonische Palaeonisciden-Reste in Mittel- und Osteuropa. Paläontologische Zeitung, 27(1/2):85112.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gross, W. 1956. Über Crossopterygier und Dipnoer aus dem baltischen Oberdevon im Zusammenhang einer vergleichenden Untersuchung des Porekanalsystems paläozoischer Agnathen und Fische. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, ser. 4, 5:1140.Google Scholar
Gross, W. 1971. Downtonische und dittonische Acanthodier-reste des Ostseegebietes. Palaeontographica, ser. A, 136:182.Google Scholar
Gross, W. 1973. Kleinschuppen, Flossenstacheln und Zähne von Fischen aus europäischen und nordamerikanischen bonebeds des Devons. Palaeontographica, ser. A, 142:51155.Google Scholar
Hussakof, L. and Bryant, W. L. 1918. Catalog of the fossil fishes in the Museum of the Buffalo Society of Natural Science. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Science, 12:1346.Google Scholar
Jarvik, E. 1948. On the morphology and taxonomy of the Middle Devonian osteolepid fishes of Scotland. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskapsakademiens Handlingar, ser. 3, 25(1):1301.Google Scholar
Jarvik, E. 1950. Middle Devonian vertebrates from Canning Land and Wegeners Halvö (East Greenland). Part II. Crossopterygii. Meddelanden om Gr⊘nland, 96(4):1132.Google Scholar
Jessen, H. 1968. Moythomasia nitida Gross und M. cf. striata Gross, devonische Palaeonisciden aus dem Oberen Plattenkalk der Bergisch-Gladbach–Paffrather Mulde (Rheinisches Schiefergebirge). Palaeontographica, ser. A, 128:87114.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G. 1970. Taghanic onlap and the end of North American Devonian provinciality. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 81:20772106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lebedev, O. A. 1983. A new crossopterygian fish from the central Devonian region. Paleontologicheskiy Zhurnal, 4:6875 (in Russian).Google Scholar
Ludvigson, G. A. and Bunker, B. J. 1979. Status of hydrogeologic studies in northwest Iowa. Iowa Geological Survey Open File Report, Sept. 1979, 37 p.Google Scholar
McGregor, D. C. 1979. Spores in Devonian stratigraphical correlation. Palaeontological Association Special Papers, 23:163184.Google Scholar
Meinke, D. K. 1984. A review of cosmine: its structure, development, and relationship to other forms of the dermal skeleton in osteichthyans. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 4:457470.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moy-Thomas, J. A. and Miles, R. S. 1971. Palaeozoic Fishes. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, 259 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Newberry, J. S. 1889. The Paleozoic fishes of North America. U.S. Geological Survey, Monograph 16, 340 p.Google Scholar
Obruchev, O. P. 1955. Upper Devonian fishes of central Kazakhstan. Sovyetskaya Geologiya, 45:8499 (in Russian).Google Scholar
Ørvig, T. 1951. Histologic studies of placoderms and fossil elasmobranchs. 1. The endoskeleton, with remarks on the hard tissues of lower vertebrates in general. Arkiv för Zoologi, 2(2):321454.Google Scholar
Ørvig, T. 1957. Palaeohistological notes. I. On the structure of the bone tissue in the scales of certain Palaeonisciformes. Arkiv för Zoologi, 2(10):481490.Google Scholar
Ørvig, T. 1967a. Some new acanthodian material from the Lower Devonian of Europe. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 47:131153.Google Scholar
Ørvig, T. 1967b. Phylogeny of tooth tissues: evolution of some calcified tissues in early vertebrates, p. 45110. In Miles, A. E. W. (ed.), Structural and Chemical Organization of Teeth. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Ørvig, T. 1969a. Cosmine and cosmine growth. Lethaia, 2:241260.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ørvig, T. 1969b. Vertebrates from the Wood Bay Group and the position of the Emsian–Eifelian boundary in the Devonian of Vestspitsbergen. Lethaia, 2:273328.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pearson, D. M. and Westoll, T. S. 1979. The Devonian actinopterygian Cheirolepis Agassiz. Transactions, Royal Society of Edinburgh, 70(13–14):337399.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Richardson, J. B. 1965. Middle Old Red Sandstone spore assemblages from the Orcadian Basin, north-east Scotland. Palaeontology, 7:559605.Google Scholar
Robertson, J. D. 1957. The habitat of the earliest vertebrates. Biology Review, 32:156187.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schultze, H.-P. 1968. Palaeoniscoidea-Schuppen aus dem Unterdevon Australiens und Kanadas und aus dem Mitteldevon Spitzbergens. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology, 16(7):343368.Google Scholar
Robertson, J. D. 1970. Folded teeth and the monophyletic origin of tetrapods. American Museum Novitates, 2408:110.Google Scholar
Robertson, J. D. 1977. Ausgangsform und Entwicklung der rhombischen Schuppen der Osteichthyes (Pisces). Paläontologische Zeitung, 51(3/4):152168.Google Scholar
Smith, B. 1910. Notes on some little-known fishes from the New York Devonian. Proceedings, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 62:656663.Google Scholar
Stauffer, C. R. 1938. Conodonts of the Olentangy Shale. Journal of Paleontology, 12:411433.Google Scholar
Stensiö, E. A. 1932. The cephalaspids of Great Britain. British Museum (Natural History), London, 220 p.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomson, K. S. 1968. A new Devonian fish (Crossopterygii, Rhipidistia) considered in relation to the origin of the Amphibia. Postilla, 124:113.Google Scholar
Thomson, K. S. 1969. The environment and distribution of Paleozoic sarcopterygian fishes. American Journal of Science, 269:457464.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thomson, K. S. 1972. New evidence on the evolution of the paired fins of Rhipidistia and the origin of the tetrapod limb, with description of a new genus of Osteolepidae. Postilla, 157:17.Google Scholar
Thomson, K. S. 1975. On the biology of cosmine. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History, 40:157.Google Scholar
Thomson, K. S. 1976. The faunal relationships of rhipidistian fishes (Crossopterygii) from the Catskill (Upper Devonian) of Pennsylvania. Journal of Paleontology, 50:12031208.Google Scholar
Thomson, K. S. 1980. The ecology of Devonian lobe-finned fishes, p. 187222. In Panchen, A. L. (ed.), The Terrestrial Environment and the Origin of Land Vertebrates. Academic Press, New York.Google Scholar
Valyukyavichyus, Y. Y. 1979. Acanthodian scales from the Eifelian of Spitsbergen. Paleontologicheskiy Zhurnal, 4:101111 (in Russian).Google Scholar
Vieth, J. 1980. Thelodontier-, Acanthodier-, und Elasmobranchier-Schuppen aus dem Unter-Devon der kanadischen Arktis (Agnatha, Pisces). Göttinger Arbeiten zur Geologie und Paläontologie, 23:169.Google Scholar
Vigran, J. O. 1964. Spores from Devonian deposits, Mimerdalen, Spitsbergen. Norsk Polarinstitut, Skrifter, 132:132.Google Scholar
Vorobyeva, E. I. 1977. The phylogenetic connections of the osteolepiform Crossopterygii and their systematic position, p. 7188. In Menner, V. V. (ed.), Ocherki po filogenii i sistematike iskopayemykh ryb i beschelyustnykh. Izdatyelstva Nauka, Moscow (in Russian).Google Scholar
Wells, J. W. 1944. Fish remains from the Middle Devonian bone beds of the Cincinnati Arch region. Palaeontographica Americana, 3(16):162.Google Scholar
Westoll, T. S. 1979. Devonian fish biostratigraphy. Palaeontological Association Special Papers, 23:341353.Google Scholar
White, E. I. 1958. Original environment of the craniates, p. 212234. In Westoll, T. S. (ed.), Studies on Fossil Vertebrates. The Athlone Press, London.Google Scholar
Williams, H. U. 1886. Notes on the fossil fishes of the Genesee and Portage Black Shales. Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Science, 5:8184.Google Scholar
Woodward, A. S. and White, E. I. 1926. The fossil fishes of the Old Red Sandstone of the Shetland Islands. Transactions, Royal Society of Edinburgh, 54:567571.Google Scholar