Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-19T14:29:41.974Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Ontogeny of Stringocephalus gubiensis and the origin of Stringocephalus

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

Y. L. Sun  and
A. J. Boucot
Y. L. Sun
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China,
A. J. Boucot
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331-2914,
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

A growth series of Stringocephalus gubiensis, described here, reveals that the cardinal process of Stringocephalus originated from a bilobate structure, and the growth of its dorsal median septum is highly related to cardinal process development. From this observation we conclude that Kaplex is, structurally and temporally, a suitable ancestor for Stringocephalus, with Bornhardtina ancestral to Kaplex. Subfamilial classification of the family Stringocephalidae is revised based on the presence or absence of median septa and the nature of hinge plates as well as on cardinal process formation. The Kaplexinae and Omoloninae are proposed as new subfamilies, with the Kaplexinae, including Kaplex and Erectocephalus, and the Omoloninae, including Omolonia, Kumbella, and Hemistringocephalus. Morphologic study of South China and Western Canadian Stringocephalus reveals that late forms of the genus tend to have a higher dorsal septum and more complex cardinal process than the early forms. In view of functional morphology, these trends reflect functional perfection of the cardinal process build-up and the lever system for improving the efficiency of opening and closing the shell.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 73 , Issue 5 , September 1999 , pp. 860 - 871
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bai, S. L., Jin, S. Y., and Ning, Z. S. 1982. The Devonian biostratigraphy of Guangxi and adjacent area. Peking University Press, Beijing, 165 p. (In Chinese)Google Scholar
Bai, S. L., Bai, Z. Q., Ma, X. P., Wang, D. R., and Sun, Y. L. 1994. Devonian events and biostratigraphy of South China. Peking University Press, Beijing, 303 p.Google Scholar
Balinski, A. 1971. Stringocephalus burtini Defrance from the environs of Siewierz, Poland. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, 16:461–469.Google Scholar
Blodgett, R. B., and Dutro, J. T. Jr. 1992. Stringocephalus (Brachiopoda) from Middle Devonian (Givetian) rocks of the Baird Group, Western Brooks Range, Alaska, p. 91–111. In Chaplin, J. R. and Barrick, J. E. (eds.), Special Papers in Paleontology and Stratigraphy: A Tribute to Thomas A. Amsden. Oklahoma Geological Survey Bulletin 145.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., Johnson, J. G., and Struve, W. 1966. Stringocephalus, ontogeny and distribution. Journal of Paleontology, 40:1349–1364.Google Scholar
Boucot, A. J., and Wilson, R. A. 1994. Origin and early radiation of terebratuloid brachiopods: Thoughts provoked by Prorensselaeria and Nanothyris. Journal of Paleontology, 68:1002–1025.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braun, W. K., Norris, A. W., and Uyeno, T. T. 1988. Late Givetian to early Frasnian biostratigraphy of Western Canada: The Slave Point-Waterways Boundary and related events, p. 93–111. In McMillan, N. J., Embry, A. F. and Glass, D. J. (eds.), Devonian of the World, Volume III, Paleontology, Paleoecology and Biostratigraphy. Proceedings of the Second International Symposium on the Devonian System, Calgary, Canada.Google Scholar
Chatterton, B. D. E. 1979. Aspects of late Early and Middle Devonian conodont biostratigraphy of Western and Arctic Canada, p. 161–231. In Stelck, C. R. and Chatterton, B. D. E. (eds.), Western and Arctic Canadian Biostratigraphy. Geological Association of Canada, Special Paper 18. (Waterloo, Ontario)Google Scholar
Cloud, P. E. Jr. 1942. Terebratuloid Brachiopoda of the Silurian and Devonian. Geological Society of America, Special Paper 38, 182 p.Google Scholar
Crickmay, C. H. 1954. Paleontological correlation of Elk Point and equivalents, p. 143–158. In Symposium of Western Canada Sedimentary basin. American Association of Petroleum Geologists.Google Scholar
Crickmay, C. H. 1960. Study of the Western Canada Stringocephalinae. Journal of Paleontology, 34:874–890.Google Scholar
Crickmay, C. H. 1962. New Devonian Fossils from Western Canada. Published by the Author, Imperial Oil Ltd., Calgary, Alberta, 16 p.Google Scholar
Crickmay, C. H. 1963. Significant new Devonian brachiopods from Western Canada. Published by the Author, Imperial Oil Ltd., Calgary Alberta, 31 p.Google Scholar
Crickmay, C. H. 1968. Discoveries in the Devonian of Western Canada. Published by the Author, Imperial Oil Ltd., Calgary, Alberta, 13 p.Google Scholar
Defrance, J. M. L. 1825-1827. p. 511. In Blainville, H. M. D., Manuel de Malacologie et de Conchyliologie. Levrault, Paris, 647 p.Google Scholar
Ficner, F., and Havlíček, V. 1975. Two thick shelled brachiopods from the Middle Devonian of Moravia. Vestnik Ustredni ustavu Geologickeho, Praha, 50:361–363.Google Scholar
Frost, S. H., and Langenheim, R. L. Jr. 1966. Paleontology of the Stringocephalus biostrome, Piute Formation (Middle Devonian), Arrow Canyon Range, Clark County, Nevada. Journal of Paleontology, 40:911–930.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G. 1973. Some North American rensselandiid brachiopods, part 2. Journal of Paleontology, 47:1102–1107.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G. 1975. Asian stringocephaloid brachiopod genera Omolonia and Paracrothyris in Middle Devonian of Western North America. Journal of Paleontology, 49:979–983.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G. 1978. Devonian, Givetian age Brachiopods and Biostratigraphy, central Nevada. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 12:117–150.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G., Boucot, A. J., and Gronberg, E. C. 1968. A new genus of Stringocephaloid brachiopod from the Middle Devonian of Nevada. Journal of Paleontology, 42:406–414.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G., Klapper, G., and Trojan, W. R. 1980a. Brachiopod and Conodont successions in the Devonian of the northern Antelope Range, central Nevada. Geologica et Palaeontologica, 14:77–116.Google Scholar
Johnson, J. G., Klapper, G., and Trojan, W. R. 1980b. Upper range of Stringocephalus (Devonian Brachiopoda). Newsletter on Stratigraphy, 8:232–235.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smirnov, A. N. 1985. New Givetian stringocephalids (Brachiopoda) from the southern Tien Shan. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal, 4:30–34.Google Scholar
Struve, W. 1965. Uber Geranocephalus (Stringomimus) n. sg. Und Verwandte. Senckenbergiana Lethaia, 46:459–472.Google Scholar
Struve, W. 1982. Schaltier-Faunen aus dem Devon des Schwarzbach-Tales bei Ratingen, Rheinland. Senckenbergiana Lethaea, 63:183–283.Google Scholar
Sun, Y. L. 1994. Systematic Paleontology, part 2, New brachiopods across the Eifelian-Givetian Boundary, p. 196–198. In Bai, S. L., Bai, Z. Q., Ma, X. P., Wang, D. R. and Sun, Y. L. (eds.), Devonian events and biostratigraphy of South China. Peking University Press, Beijing.Google Scholar
Sun, Y. L., and Bai, S. L. 1995. Lower range of Stringocephalus. Newsletter on Stratigraphy, 32:73–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ting, T. H. 1936. Zur Kenntnis der Gattungen Bornhardtina Schultz und Stringocephalus Defrance. Geological Society of China Bulletin, 15:343–359.Google Scholar
Warren, P. S., and Stelck, C. R. 1962. Western Canadian Givetian. Journal of the Alberta Society of Petroleum Geologists, 10:273–291.Google Scholar
Yang, D. L. 1983. Late Middle Devonian terebratulids of Xiangzhou, Guangxi. Bulletin of the Yichang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, 7:27–40. (In Chinese with English abstract)Google Scholar
Yang, D. L., Ni, S. Z., Chang, M. L., and Zhao, R. X. 1977. Brachiopoda, p. 303–470. In Paleontological atlas of central-southern China (late Palaeozoic volume). Geological Publishing House, Beijing. (In Chinese)Google Scholar
Yun, Y. 1978. Subdivision and correlation of the Devonian in eastern Yunnan, p. 151–166. In Professional Papers on the Devonian symposium of South China. Geological Publishing House, Beijing. (In Chinese)Google Scholar
Zhong, K., Wu, Y., Yin, B. A., Liang, Y. L., Yao, Q. Q., and Peng, J. L. 1992. Devonian of Guangxi. China University of Geosciences Press, Wuhan (Hubei), 384 p. (In Chinese with English summary)Google Scholar