Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-8bhkd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-20T04:55:31.077Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

New Permian crinoids from the Battleship Wash patch reef in southern Nevada

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 July 2015

G. D. Webster  and
N. Gary Lane
G. D. Webster
Affiliation:
Department of Geology, Washington State University, Pullman 99163-2812, Department of Geology, Indiana University, Bloomington 47405
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

The small crinoidal patch reef in the Bird Spring Formation near the mouth of Battleship Wash, Clark County, Nevada, has yielded the largest Early Permian crinoid fauna known in North America. Earlier studies of the fauna were based on 535 specimens. Additional collecting has yielded another 239 specimens. These new specimens provide new information about some of the earlier described species and include three new genera and seven new species, bringing the total recognized in the Battleship Wash fauna to 37 genera and 62 species. Representatives of the camerates, disparids, primitive cladids (cyathocrinitids and dendrocrinids), advanced cladids (formerly poteriocriniids), flexibles, and articulates are recognized in the Battleship Wash fauna.

Of particular significance among these new specimens is the presence of an actinocrinid. A specimen formerly identified from the fauna is here recognized as an articulate. This is the first report of an actinocrinid and an articulate from the Permian of North America. Based on the abundance of large specimens of cladids with 10 or more arms, the Battleship Wash fauna is interpreted to have lived in a nearshore high energy shelf environment, which agrees with the paleogeographic position previously recognized for the Bird Spring Formation.

New taxa introduced are: Poteriocrinites permicus n. sp., Bridgerocrinidae n. fam., Ekteinocrinus battleshipensis n. gen. and sp., Arroyocrius brachiatus n. sp., Plummericrinus jelli n. sp., Plummericrinus? bulbosus n. sp., Aesiocrinidae n. fam., Elassocrinus cyathus n. gen. and sp., Oklahomacrinus triangulus n. sp., and Pentaxocrinus quinarius n. gen. and comb.

Type
Research Article
Information
Journal of Paleontology , Volume 81 , Issue 5 , September 2007 , pp. 951 - 965
Copyright
Copyright © The Paleontological Society 

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

References Cited

Ausich, W. I. and Sevastopulo, G. D. 2001. The Lower Carboniferous (Tournaisian) crinoids from Hook Head, County Wexford, Ireland. The Palaeontological Society Monograph, 216:136 p., 13 pls.; supplement 1:34 p.; supplement 2:11 p. Google Scholar
Austin, T. and Austin, T. 1842, XVIII. - Proposed arrangement of the Echinodermata, particularly as regards the Crinoidea, and a subdivision of the Class Adelostella (Echinidae). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 1, 10(63):106–113.Google Scholar
Bather, F. A. 1890. British fossil crinoids. II. The classification of the Inadunata. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 6, 5:310–334, 373–388, 485–486, pl. 14, 15.Google Scholar
Bather, F. A. 1899. A phylogenetic classification of the Pelmatozoa. British Association for the Advancement of Science (1898), p. 916–923.Google Scholar
Bissell, H. J. 1962. Pennsylvanian and Permian rocks of Cordilleran area, p. 188–263. In Branson, C. C. (ed.), Pennsylvanian System in the United States. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, Oklahoma.Google Scholar
Bronn, H. G. 1848–1849. Index palaeontologicus, unter Mitwirking der Herren Prof. H. R. Göppert und H. von Meyer. Handbuch einer Geschichte der Nature, 5, Abt. 1, (1, 2), Pt. 3, A. Nomenclator Palaeontologicus; A–M, 775 p.; N–Z, 776–1381 p., Stuttgart.Google Scholar
Burdick, D. W. and Strimple, H. L. 1973. New Late Mississippian crinoids from northern Arkansas. Journal of Paleontology, 47:231–243.Google Scholar
Burke, J. J. 1968. Pachylocrinids from the Conemaugh Group, Pennsylvanian. Kirtlandia, 3:1–18.Google Scholar
Butts, E. 1890. A description of a new species of Echinodermata from the Upper Coal Measures of Kansas City. The Naturalist (Kansas City), 4(11):81.Google Scholar
Etheridge, R. Jr. 1892. The organic remains of the Permo-Carboniferous System (Chap. 22). The organic remains of the Rolling Downs Formation (Chap. 32). The organic remains of the Desert Sandstone Formation (Chap. 34). Palaeontology of New Guinea (Chap. 39). In Jack, R. L. and Etheridge, R. Jr., The Geology and Palaeontology of Queensland and New Guinea: J. C. Beal, Brisbane, 2 vols. Google Scholar
Goldring, W. 1923. The Devonian crinoids of the state of New York. New York State Museum, Memoir 16, 670 p., 60 pl. Google Scholar
Haude, R. and Thomas, E. 1992. Die unter-karbonischen Crinoiden von “Kohleiche” bei Wuppertal, p. 307–361. In Thomas, E. (ed.), Oberdevon und Unterkarbon von Aprath im Bergischen Land (Nördliches Rheinisches Schiefergebirge). Verlag Sven von Loga, Köln.Google Scholar
Holterhoff, P. F. 1997. Filtration models, guilds, and biofacies: Crinoid paleoecology of the Stanton Formation (Upper Pennsylvanian), Midcontinent, North America. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 130:177–208.Google Scholar
Jaekel, O. 1918. Phylogenie und System der Pelmatozoen: Paläeontologische Zeitschrift, 3(1), 128 p.Google Scholar
Keyes, C. R. 1894. Paleontology of Missouri, Pt I, Missouri Geological Survey, 4:143–225, pl. 19–31.Google Scholar
Kirk, E. 1942. Ampelocrinus, a new crinoid genus from the Upper Mississippian. American Journal of Science, 240:22–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kirk, E. 1945. Holcocrinus, a new inadunate crinoid genus from the Lower Mississippian. American Journal of Science, 243:517–521.Google Scholar
Lane, N. G. and Sevastopulo, G. D. 1982. Growth and systematic revision of Kallimorphocrinus astrus, a Pennsylvanian microcrinoid. Journal of Paleontology, 56:244–259.Google Scholar
Lane, N. G. and Webster, G. D. 1966. New Permian crinoid fauna from southern Nevada. University of California Publications in Geological Sciences, 63:60 p., 13 pls. Google Scholar
Laudon, L. R. and Severson, J. L. 1953. New crinoid fauna, Mississippian, Lodgepole Formation, Montana. Journal of Paleontology, 27:505–536.Google Scholar
McIntosh, G. C. 2001. Devonian cladid crinoids: Families Glossocrinidae Goldring, 1923, and Rutkowskicrinidae new family. Journal of Paleontology, 75:783–807.2.0.CO;2>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Miller, J. S. 1821. A Natural History of the Crinoidea, or Lily-Shaped Animals; With Observations on the Genera, Asteria, Euryale, Comatula and Marsupites . Bryan, Bristol, England, 150 p., numerous unnumbered plates.Google Scholar
Miller, S. A. and Gurley, W. F. E. 1890. Description of some new genera and species of Echinodermata from the coal measures and subcarboniferous rocks of Indiana, Missouri, and Iowa. Journal Cincinnati Society of Natural History, 13(1):1–25, pls. 1–4.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C. 1939. New crinoids from Upper Pennsylvanian and Lower Permian rocks of Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska. Denison University Bulletin, Journal of the Scientific Laboratories, 34:171–279.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C. 1940. New genera of Pennsylvanian crinoids from Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Denison University Bulletin, Journal of the Scientific Laboratories, 35:32–54.Google Scholar
Moore, R. C. and Laudon, L. R. 1943. Evolution and classification of Paleozoic crinoids. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 46, 151 p., 14 pls. Google Scholar
Moore, R. C. and Plummer, F. B. 1940. Crinoids from the Upper Carboniferous and Permian strata in Texas. University of Texas Publication, 3945, 468 p., 21 pls. Google Scholar
Moore, R. C. and Teichert, C. (eds.). 1978. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. T, Echinodermata 2, Crinoidea: 3 vols. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas, Lawrence, 1,026 p.Google Scholar
Pabian, R. K. and Strimple, H. L. 1985. Classification, paleoecology, and biostratigraphy of crinoids from the Stull Shale (Late Pennsylvanian) of Nebraska, Kansas, and Iowa. Bulletin of the University of Nebraska State Museum, 11(1), 81 p.Google Scholar
Rich, M. 1977. Pennsylvanian paleogeographic patterns in the western United States, p. 87–110. In Stewart, J. H., Stevens, C. H., and Fritsche, A. E. (eds.), Paleozoic paleogeography of the Western United States. Pacific section Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists.Google Scholar
Simms, M. J. and Sevastopulo, G. D. 1993. The origin of articulate crinoids: Palaeontology, 36:91–109.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1939. A group of Pennsylvanian crinoids from the vicinity of Bartlesville, Oklahoma. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 24(87):1–26. pls. 27–29.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1940. Stellarocrinus new name for Whiteocrinus Strimple. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 25(92A):109–112.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1949. Crinoid studies, Pt. V, Allosocrinus, a new crinoid genus from the Pennsylvanian of Oklahoma. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 32(133):15–20.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1951. Some new species of Carboniferous crinoids. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 33(137):1–40. pls. 25–29.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. 1966. Some notes concerning the Allagecrinidae. Oklahoma Geology Notes, 26:99–111.Google Scholar
Strimple, H. L. and Watkins, W. T. 1969. Carboniferous crinoids of Texas with stratigraphic implications. Palaeontographica Americana, 6(40):139–275. pl. 30–56.Google Scholar
Teichert, C. 1949. Permian crinoid Calceolispongia . Geological Society of America, Memoir, 34, 132 p., 26 pls. Google Scholar
Teichert, C. 1954. A new Permian crinoid from western Australia. Journal of Paleontology, 28: Webster, G. D. 1993. Crinoids, p. 68–72, 322–339, pls. 65–71; microfiche sheet 8, 26 p. In Skwarko, S. K. (ed.), Palaeontology of the Permian of Western Australia. Geological Survey of Western Australia Bulletin, 136.Google Scholar
Ubaghs, G. 1978. Skeletal morphology of fossil crinoids, 1, p. 58–216. In Moore, R. C. and Teichert, C. (eds.), Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Pt. T, Echinodermata 2, Crinoidea. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence.Google Scholar
Valette, D. A. 1934. Le Permien marin de l'extrême-sud de la Tunisien. III. Les Crinoides permiens du sud de la Tunisie. Memoir Service Carte Geologie. Tunisie, n. s., 1:91–101.Google Scholar
Wachsmuth, C. and Springer, F. 1880–1886. Revision of the Palaeocrinoidea: Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Pt. III, Sec. 1. Discussion of the classification and relations of the brachiate crinoids, and conclusion of the generic descriptions (1885), p. 225–364, pls. 4–9.Google Scholar
Wanner, J. 1916. Die Permischen echinodermen von Timor, I. Teil. Palaontologie von Timor, 11, 329 p., pls. 94–114.Google Scholar
Wanner, J. 1924. Die permischen Krinoiden von Timor. Jaarbook van net Mijnwezen Nederlandes Oost-Indie, Verhandlungen (1921), Gedeelte, 3, 348 p., 22 pls. Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1987. Permian crinoids from the type-section of the Callytharra Formation, Callytharra Springs, Western Australia. Alcheringa, 11:95–135.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1998a. Distortion in the stratigraphy and biostratigraphy of Timor, a historical review with an analysis of the crinoid and blastoid faunas. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 110(1/2):45–72.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 1998b. Palaeobiogeography of Tethys Permian crinoids. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria, 110(1/2):289–308.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. 2003. Bibliography and index of Paleozoic crinoids, coronates, and hemistreptocrinoids, 1758–1999. Geological Society of America Special Paper, 363, 2,335 p. GSA Website: http://crinoid.gsajournals.org/crinoidmod/.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. and Jell, P. A. 1999a. New Carboniferous crinoids from eastern Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 43(1):237–278.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. and Jell, P. A. 1999b. New Permian crinoids from eastern Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 43(1):279–340.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. and Lane, N. G. 1967. Additional Permian crinoids from southern Nevada. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions Paper. 27, 32 p.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. and Lane, N. G. 1970. Carboniferous echinoderms from the southwestern United States. Journal of Paleontology, 44:276–296.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D. and Maples, C. G. 2006. Cladid crinoid (Echinodermata) anal conditions: A terminology problem and proposed solution. Palaeontology, 49:1–26.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D., Maples, C. G., Mawson, R., and Dastanpour, M. 2003. A cladid-dominated Early Mississippian crinoid and condont fauna from Kerman Province, Iran, and revision of the glossocrinids and rhenocrinids. Journal of Paleontology. Memoir 60, 77(supp. to no. 3), 35 p.Google Scholar
Webster, G. D., Maples, C. G., Sevastopulo, G. D., Frest, T., and Waters, J. A. 2004. Carboniferous (Viséan-Moscovian) echinoderms from the Béchar Basin area of western Algeria. Bulletins of American Paleontology, No. 368, 98 p.Google Scholar
Weller, S. 1909. Description of a Permian crinoid fauna from Texas. Journal of Geology, 17:623–635.Google Scholar
Williams, C. B. 1964. Patterns in the Balance of Nature. Academic Press, London, 318 p.Google Scholar
Wright, J. 1937. Scottish Carboniferous crinoids. Geological Magazine, 74:385–411. pls. 13–16.Google Scholar
Wright, J. 1950–1960. The British Carboniferous Crinoidea. Palaeontographical Society Monograph, 1(1):1–24, pls. 1–7, 1950; 1(2):25–46, pls. 8–12, 1951a; 1(3):47–102, pls. 13–31, 1951b; 1(4):103–148, pls. 32–40, 1952a; 1(5):149–190, pls. 41–47, 1954a; 2(1):191–254, pls. 48–63, 1955a; 2(2)255–272, pls. 64–67, 1955b; 2(3):273–306, pls. 68–75, 1956b; 2(4):307–328, pls. 76–81, 1958; 2(5):329–347, pls. A-B, 1960 (with W. H. C. Ramsbottom, 1960).Google Scholar
Yakovlev, N. N. 1928. Dva novikh roda morskikh lilii (Poteriocrinidae) iz verkhnepaleozoiskikh otlozhenii Pechorekogo kraya [Two new genera of crinoids (Poteriocrinidae) of the Upper Paleozoic]. Trudy Akademii Nauk SSSR, Geologicheshogo Muzeya, 3:1–8, pls. 1–2.Google Scholar
Zittle, K. A. von. 1876–80. Handbuch der Palaeontologie, v. 1, Palaeozoologie: München, Leipzig, R. Oldenbourg. (1879), no. 1, 765 p.Google Scholar