The fossil site known as Lothagam lies west of the southern end of Lake Turkana (formerly Lake Rudolf) in northern Kenya. The Turkana Basin is famous for its paleontological, paleoanthropological, and archeological records from both east and west of this large lake in the eastern part of the rift system. The Plio-Pleistocene outcrops have been the focus of important research in early hominid taxonomy and evolution, subsistence behavior of early hominids, the tempo and mode of evolution in lacustrine gastropods, vertebrate taphonomy, and mammalian faunal turnover, as well as basic systematic paleontology of terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates. Lothagam is a more restricted area (~60 km2 of outcrop) and its strata are older—late Miocene to early Pliocene, overlain unconformably by Quaternary sands, gravels, and coquinas. Only a handful of African sites document this time period that includes the Messinian salinity crisis and major floral and faunal changes in many parts of the world. Thus, this monograph is a welcome publication for those who work on the later Neogene, and for paleoanthropologists interested in the ecological context of basal hominids.