This paper, which gives a useful description of the procedures used by one transatlantic operator, was presented in Montreal at a meeting of the Canadian Institute of Navigation held on 7 December 1955. Many of the methods discussed are referred to in the preceding three papers.

1. Any discussion of today's long-range navigational practices and problems seems to lead inevitably to pressure-pattern and jet-stream flying. The reason might well be that during recent years the more important practical developments appear to have concerned techniques rather than aids or instruments.