Professor M'Pherson's paper on ‘Education and the Sea’ does somewhat less than justice to the non-university sector of the British educational system; his Appendix A lists only two university undergraduate courses in nautical—maritime studies, whereas six such courses are offered by polytechnics and the first of these was approved ten years ago.

More recent developments have included a B.Sc. in Fishery Science; a number of degree courses in Environmental Studies and Geography, which contain substantial elements of meteorology, oceanography, cartography and marine surveying; and post-graduate courses in Shipping Management and in Hydro-graphic Surveying. These courses gain awards of a first degree or the diploma of the Council for National Academic Awards—a body which deserves much credit for encouraging experimentation in many ‘new’ areas of study.