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A cellular automaton-based model of ship traffic flow in busy waterways

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  08 January 2021

Le Qi Open the ORCID record for Le Qi [Opens in a new window] ,
Yuanyuan Ji ,
Robert Balling  and
Wenhai Xu
Le Qi*
Affiliation:
School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan430063, China. Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan430063, China.
Yuanyuan Ji
Affiliation:
College of Information Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian116026, China. School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, TempeAZ85281, USA
Robert Balling
Affiliation:
School of Geographical Sciences and Urban Planning, Arizona State University, TempeAZ85281, USA
Wenhai Xu
Affiliation:
College of Information Science Technology, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian116026, China.
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]
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Abstract

In busy waterways, spatial-temporal discretisation, safe distance and collision avoidance timing are three of the core components of ship traffic flow modelling based on cellular automata. However, these components are difficult to determine in ship traffic simulations because the size, operation and manoeuvrability vary between ships. To solve these problems, a novel traffic flow model is proposed. Firstly, a spatial-temporal discretisation method based on the concept of a standard ship is presented. Secondly, the update rules for ships’ motion are built by considering safe distance and collision avoidance timing, in which ship operation and manoeuvrability are thoroughly considered. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model, which is implemented through simulating ship traffic flow in a waterway of the Yangtze River, China. By comparing the results with actual observed ship traffic data, our model shows that the behaviours and the characteristics of ships’ motions can be represented very well, which also can be further used to reveal the mechanism that affects the efficiency and safety of ship traffic.

Keywords

ship traffic flowcellular automatonsafe distancecollision avoidancestandard ship
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 74 , Issue 3 , May 2021 , pp. 605 - 618
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Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 2021

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