Article contents
Population Resettlement — Traumatic Upheavals and the Algerian Experience
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2008
Extract
The study of settlement geography in Africa has not only to consider rural–urban and traditional–modern contrasts, but also to place on the appropriate continuum the various communities which have been relocated since World War II. However, the lack of a general theory in this field has led to much wasted effort on the ground, and to the frequent replication of studies in the literature. Some recent contributions endeavour to draw meaningful generalisations from the disparate literature on settlement and resettlement schemes.1 Perhaps because the subject constitutes ‘an academic no man's land’ wherein ‘no single science or study has yet established its claims and each has its limitations’,2 attempts at an overview have inevitably focused on the individual author's specialist orientation. Whatever the methodological paradigm of these overviews, or of the numerous case-studies, they frequently, if regretfully, arrive at a critical conclusion vis-à-vis the limited results of settlement schemes.
- Type
- Articles
- Information
- Copyright
- Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1977
References
Page 279 note 1 Chambers, Robert, Settlement Schemes in Tropical Africa (London, 1969)Google Scholar; Apthorpe, Raymond (ed.), Nkanga 3. Land Settlement and Rural Development in East Africa (Kampala, 1968)Google Scholar; and Palmer, Gary, ‘The Ecology of Resettlement Schemes’, in Human Organization (Washington), 33, 3, 1974, pp. 239–50.Google Scholar
Page 279 note 2 Chambers, op. cit. p. 12.
Page 280 note 1 Chambers, op. cit. ch. 1.
Page 280 note 2 Apthorpe (ed.), op. cit. p. 5.
Page 280 note 3 Palmer, , ‘The Ecology of Resettlement Schemes’, p. 240.Google Scholar
Page 280 note 4 Chambers, op. cit. ch. 2.
Page 281 note 1 Ibid. p. 34.
Page 281 note 2 Ibid. pp. 229–39.
Page 281 note 3 Scudder, Thayer, ‘The Human Ecology of Big Projects: river basin development and resettlement’, in Annual Review of Anthropology (Palo Alto, Calif.), 2, 1973, pp. 45–6.Google Scholar
Page 281 note 4 Scudder, Thayer, ‘Commentary on Gary Palmer's “The Ecology of Resettlement Schemes”’, in Human Organization, 34, 3, 1975, p. 309.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Page 282 note 1 Palmer, , ‘The Ecology of Resettlement Schemes’, and ‘Reply’ in Human Organization, 34, 3, 1975, p. 310.Google Scholar
Page 282 note 2 Scudder, , ‘The Human Ecology of Big Projects’, p. 45.Google Scholar
Page 282 note 3 Palmer, ‘The Ecology of Resettlement Schemes’.
Page 282 note 4 Ibid. p. 246.
Page 282 note 5 Duvignaud, J., Change at Shebika. Report from a North African Village (London, 1970).Google Scholar
Page 282 note 6 Apthorpe (ed.), op. cit. p. 12.
Page 283 note 1 Chambers, op. cit. p. 173.
Page 283 note 2 Scudder, , ‘The Human Ecology of Big Projects’, p. 50.Google Scholar
Page 283 note 3 Ibid. p. 51.
Page 284 note 1 Marris, Peter, Loss and Change (London, 1974), p. 21.Google Scholar
Page 284 note 2 Ibid. p. 84.
Page 284 note 3 Chambers, op. cit. p. 176.
Page 284 note 4 Scudder, , ‘The Human Ecology of Big Projects’, p. 53.Google Scholar
Page 285 note 1 Ibid. p. 54.
Page 285 note 2 Palmer, , ‘Reply’, p. 310.Google Scholar
Page 285 note 3 Lesne, M., ‘Une expérience de déplacement de population: les centres de regroupement en Algérie’, in Annales de géographie (Paris), 71, 1962, p. 571.Google Scholar
Page 285 note 4 Bourdieu, P. and Sayad, A., Le Déracinement. La Crise de l'agriculture tradilionnel en Algérie (Paris, 1964), p. 12.Google Scholar
Page 286 note 1 Heggoy, A. A., Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in Algeria (Bloomington, 1972), p. 222.Google Scholar
Page 286 note 2 Lesne, loc. cit. p. 578.
Page 286 note 3 Service de Statistique Générale de l'Algérie, Étude monographique sur quelques regroupements (Algiers, 1960).Google Scholar
Page 286 note 4 Cornaton, M., Les Regroupements de la décolonisation en Algérie (Paris, 1967), pp. 122–3.Google Scholar
Page 286 note 5 Bourdieu and Sayad, op. cit. p. 13.
Page 286 note 6 Sutton, Keith, ‘Algeria: changes in population distribution, 1954–66’, in Clarke, J. I. and Fisher, W. B. (eds.), Populations of the Middle East and North Africa (London, 1972), pp. 393–4.Google Scholar
Page 287 note 1 O'Ballance, Edgar, The Algerian Insurrection, 1954–62 (London, 1967), p. 216.Google Scholar
Page 287 note 2 Heggoy, op. cit. p. 229.
Page 287 note 3 Lesne, loc. cit. p. 582.
Page 287 note 4 Bourdieu and Sayad, op. cit. p. 55.
Page 287 note 5 Ibid. pp. 51–2.
Page 287 note 6 Pierre, C., ‘L'Évolution des centres de regroupement de la Mitidja occidentale’, in Annales algériennes de géographie (Algiers), I, 2, 1966, pp. 124–31.Google Scholar
Page 288 note 1 Pierre, loc. cit. p. 128.
Page 288 note 2 Cornaton, op. cit. p. 112.
Page 288 note 3 Pierre, loc. cit. p. 129.
Page 288 note 4 Bourdieu and Sayad, op. cit. pp. 144–5.
Page 288 note 5 Ibid. p. 32.
Page 289 note 1 Cornaton, op. cit. p. 217.
Page 289 note 2 Bugnicourt, J., Les Nouveaux centres ruraux en Algérie (Algiers, 1960), p. 210.Google Scholar
Page 289 note 3 Cornaton, op. cit. and Bourdieu and Sayad, op. cit.
Page 289 note 4 Lesne, loc. cit. p. 585.
Page 289 note 5 Bugnicourt, op. cit. p. 15.
Page 289 note 6 Bourdieu and Sayad, op. cit. p. 134.
Page 290 note 1 de Planhol, X., ‘Les Nouveaux villages d'Algérie’, in Geografiska Annaler (Stockholm), 43, 1961, p. 250.Google Scholar
Page 290 note 2 Cornaton, op. cit. pp. 130–1.
Page 290 note 3 De Planhol, loc. cit. p. 251.
Page 290 note 4 Tillion, C., L'Afrique bascule vers l'avenir (Paris, 1960), p. 40.Google Scholar
Page 290 note 5 Lesne, loc. cit. p. 595.
Page 290 note 6 Cornaton, op. cit. pp. 130–1.
Page 290 note 7 Pierre, loc. cit. p. 121.
Page 290 note 8 Leveau, P., ‘Le Chénoua: de Ia décolonisation au village de regroupement’, in Revue de l'Occident Musulman et de la Méditerranée (Aix.en-Provence), 19, I, 1975, pp. 110–11.Google Scholar
Page 291 note 1 Sources: Cornaton, op. cit. pp. 155–88, and Recensement général de la population et de l'habitat, 1966 (Oran, 1969).Google Scholar
Page 291 note 2 Cornaton, op. cit. pp. 155–88.
Page 291 note 3 Grelet, J., ‘Structures foncières et agriculture dans la région de Frenda’, Mémoire de Maîtrise, Algiers, 1972, p. 40.Google Scholar
Page 292 note 1 A sample of 66 of Cornaton's centres were sought in the 1973 preparatory documentation for the forthcoming (1977?) census: 51 still existed, 6 were now parts of towns, 4 were difficult to assess, and only 5 seemed to have disappeared.
Page 292 note 2 Bourdieu and Sayad, op. cit. p. 130.
Page 292 note 3 Cornaton, op. cit. pp. 176–7.
Page 292 note 4 Leveau, loc. cit. p. 111.
Page 292 note 5 Lesne, loc. cit. p. 578.
Page 293 note 1 Exceptions exist, but in the multi-variate situation of population change, a statistically significant if low correlation coefficient of – 0.39 between the two data sets cannot be ignored. Sutton, loc. cit. p. 393.
Page 293 note 2 Marris, op. cit. p. 116.
Page 293 note 3 Lesne, loc. cit. pp. 586–91.
Page 293 note 4 De Planhol, loc. cit. p. 246.
Page 294 note 1 de Planhol, X., Nouveaux villages algérois (Paris, 1961), p. 108.Google Scholar
Page 294 note 2 Leveau, loc. cit. pp. 110–11.
Page 294 note 3 Cornaton, op. cit. pp. 56 and 271–4.
Page 294 note 4 Sandhu, K. S., ‘Emergency Resettlement in Malaya’, in Journal of Tropical Geography (Singapore), 18, 1964, pp. 157–83.Google Scholar
Page 294 note 5 Cornaton, op. cit. pp. 36–40.
Page 294 note 6 Pélissier, René, ‘Mozambique Moves to Africa’, in The Geographical Magazine (London) XLVI, 3–4, 02 1974, pp. 167–77.Google Scholar
Page 295 note 1 Sandoval, R., ‘A New Hope, a New Country: Mozambique’, in Land Reform, Land Settlement and Co-operatives (Rome), 1–2, 1974, pp. 43–51.Google Scholar
Page 295 note 2 Colson, Elizabeth, The Social Consequences of Resettlement: the impact of the Kariba resettlement upon the Gweinbe Tonga (Manchester, 1971), p. 1.Google Scholar
Page 296 note 1 Debelian, L., ‘The Volta River Resettlement Programme’, in Land Reform, Land Settlement and Co-operatives, I, 1972, p. 24.Google Scholar
Page 296 note 2 Ibid. pp. 27–8.
Page 296 note 3 Chambers, Robert (ed.), The Volta Resettlement Experience (London, 1970), p. 268.Google Scholar
Page 296 note 4 Debelian, loc. cit. p. 34.
Page 297 note 1 Brokensha, David and Scudder, Thayer, ‘Resettlement’, in Rubin, Neville and Warren, William M. (eds.), Dams in Africa: an inter-disciplinary study of man-made lakes in Africa (London, 1968), p. 25.Google Scholar
Page 297 note 2 Dafalla, H., The Nubian Exodus (London, 1975), p. 279.Google Scholar
Page 297 note 3 R. Yeld, ‘The Resettlement of Refugees’, in Apthorpe (ed.), op. cit. pp. 33–7.
Page 297 note 4 Ibid. p. 35.
Page 298 note 1 Palmer, , ‘The Ecology of Resettlement Schemes’, p. 240.Google Scholar
Page 298 note 2 Scudder, , ‘Commentary on Gary Palmer's “The Ecology of Resettlement Schemes”’, p. 309.Google Scholar
Page 298 note 3 Brokensha and Scudder, loc. cit. pp. 29–30.
Page 299 note 1 Scudder, , ‘The Human Ecology of Big Projects’, p. 55.Google Scholar
Page 299 note 2 Marris, op. cit. p. 21.
Page 299 note 3 J. Moris, ‘The Evaluation of Settlement Schemes Performance: a sociological approach’, in Apthorpe (ed.), op. cit. pp. 79–95.
Page 299 note 4 Lewis, W. A.. ‘Thoughts on Land Settlement’, in Journal of Farm Economics (Menasha, Wisc.), II, 1954, pp. 3–11.Google Scholar
Page 300 note 1 Palmer, , ‘The Ecology of Resettlement Schemes’, p. 247.Google Scholar
Page 300 note 2 Scudder, , ‘The Human Ecology of Big Projects’, p. 55.Google Scholar
- 14
- Cited by