^{page 370 note 1} The page numbers we use refer to the French text, although the translations have been taken from the English edition.

^{page 371 note 1} Pradervand, Pierre, ‘Les Politiques de Ia population en Afrique francophone de l'ouest: obstacles et possibilités’, Ph.D. dissertation, Université de Paris, 1973.Google Scholar

^{page 371 note 2} These problems are documented in detail by Piché, Victor, ‘Social Change, Family, and Fertility in Sub-Saharan Africa: theoretical and methodological appraisal’, Ph.D. dissertation, Cornell University, Ithaca, 1974, pt. III.Google Scholar

^{page 373 note 1} Gusfield, J., ‘Tradition and Modernity: misplaced polarities in the study of social change’, in The American Journal of Sociology (Chicago), LXXII, 1957, p. 162.Google Scholar

^{page 373 note 2} A. Portes, ‘The Factorial Structure of Modernity: empirical replications and a critique’, ibid. LXXIX, I, 1973, pp. 15–44.

^{page 373 note 3} Carlsson, G., ‘The Decline of Fertility: innovation or adjustment process’, in Population Studies (London), xx, 1967, pp. 149–74.Google Scholar

^{page 373 note 4} Hawthorn, Geoffrey, The Sociology of Fertility (London, 1970), pp. 35–8.Google Scholar

^{page 374 note 1} Owens, E. and Shaw, R., Development Reconsidered: bridging the gap between government and people (Lexington, 1972).Google Scholar

^{page 374 note 2} Seers, Dudley, ‘The Meaning of Development’, in International Development Review (Washington), xi, 12 1969, pp. 2–3.Google Scholar

^{page 374 note 3} Frank, André Gunder, ‘The Development of Underdevelopment’, in Rhodes, R. I. (ed.), Imperialism and Underdevelopment (New York, 1970), pp. 4–17.Google Scholar

^{page 374 note 4} Kocher, J. E., Rural Development, Income Distribution and Fertility Decline (New York, 1973), p. 89.Google Scholar