^{Page 36 note 1} See Friedmann, John, Urbanization, Planning, and National Development (Beverly Hills and London, 1973),Google Scholar notably ch. 3, ‘A Theory of Polarized Development’.

^{Page 38 note 1} The data in this paragraph are drawn from the following Ford Foundation studies: Rosser, C., Urbanization in Tropical Africa: a dsmographic introduction (New York, 1972),Google ScholarGreen, L. and Milone, V., Urbanization in Nigeria: a planning commentary (New York, 1971),Google Scholar and Laurenti, L., Urbanization Trends and Prospects: Kenya (New York, 1972).Google Scholar

^{Page 38 note 2} See Hirschman, Albert, ‘The Changing Tolerance for Income Inequality in the Course of Economic Development,’ in Quarterly Journal of Economics (Cambridge, Mass.), 87, 4, 11 1973, pp. 544–66.Google Scholar

^{Page 40 note 1} Jones, Brendan, ‘Black Africa's Developing Economy,’ in Black Enterprise (New York), 12 1973, p. 19.Google Scholar

^{Page 41 note 1} E.g. Williamson, J. G., ‘Regional Inequality and the Process of National Development: a description of patterns,’ in Economic Development and Cultural Change (Chicago), XIII, 1965, pp. 3–45.Google Scholar

^{Page 41 note 2} Hirschman, Albert, The Strategy of Economic Development (New Haven, 1958), pp. 183–201.Google Scholar

^{Page 41 note 3} Myrdal, Gunnar, Economic Theory and Underdeveloped Regions (New York, 1957).Google Scholar

^{Page 42 note 1} Parr, J. B., ‘Regional Economic Change and Regional Spatial Structure: some interrelationships,’ in Karisruhe Papers in Regional Science, Vol. 3 (London,1974).Google Scholar

^{Page 43 note 1} Gerhart, John, Rural Development and Urban Growth in Kenya (New York, 1972), pp. 3 and 9.Google Scholar

^{Page 43 note 2} Rosser, op. cit.

^{Page 43 note 3} Kamarck, Andrew, The Economics of African Development (New York, 1971), p. 291.Google Scholar

^{Page 43 note 4} Waterson, Albert, Development Planning: lessons of experience (Baltimore, 1965) p. 341.Google Scholar

^{Page 44 note 1} Kamarck, op. cit. p. 265.

^{Page 45 note 1} Friedmann, John, ‘Planning as Innovation: the Chilean case,’ in American Institute of Planners Journal (Washington), XXXII, 07 1966, p. 197.Google Scholar

^{Page 47 note 1} Kano State of Nigeria. Development Plan, 1970–74 (Kano, 1970).Google Scholar

^{Page 47 note 2} Harrison, Bennett, ‘Rural Growth Centres: a strategy for the rural development of low income countries,’ unpublished research proposal prepared for U.S. A.I.D., Washington, 1967, p. I.Google Scholar

^{Page 48 note 1} Ibid. p. 54.

^{Page 48 note 2} See, for example, Tolosa, H. and Reiner, T., ‘The Economic Programming of a System of Planned Poles,’ in Economic Geography (Worcester, Mass.), 46, 3, 07 1970, pp. 449–58.Google Scholar

^{Page 49 note 1} Cf. Parr, J. B., ‘Growth Poles, Regional Development and Central Place Theory,’ in Papers of the Regional Science Association (Philadelphia), XXXI, 1973.Google Scholar

^{Page 51 note 1} Green and Milone, loc. cit. p. 14.

^{Page 51 note 2} Rosser, loc. cit. p. 39.