^{Page 3 note 1} Apter, David E., The Politics of Modernisation (Chicago, 1965). The main source of reference here is chapter vii, especially pp. 237–53.Google Scholar

^{Page 5 note 1} House of Assembly Debates (Cape Town), 01 1965, cols. 252–67.Google Scholar

^{Page 6 note 1} Ibid. 1 August 1966, cols. 18–19.

^{Page 6 note 2} Information Service of the National Party, Vrugte van die J'asionale Bewind, 1948–1966, p. 70.Google Scholar

^{Page 6 note 3} Horrell, Muriel, A Survey of Race Relations in South Africa: 1963 (Johannesburg, 1964), p. 312;Google ScholarHouse of Assembly Debates, 28 01 1966, cols. 261–2.Google Scholar

^{Page 6 note 4} Ibid. 30 April 1965, cols. 5099–100.

^{Page 7 note 1} Ibid. 24 August 1966, col. 1381.

^{Page 7 note 2} Ibid. 27 April 1964, cols. 4957 and 5016.

^{Page 8 note 1} Horrell, , Survey of Race Relations in South Africa: 1966, pp. 60–1.Google Scholar

^{Page 8 note 2} Munger, Edwin, Notes on the Formation of South African Foreign Policy (Pasadena, The Castle Press, 1965), p. 74.Google Scholar The term laage refers to the habit of thenineteenth-centuryVoortrekkers, when threatened with attack, of drawing their wagons into a tight circle. While the men defended the position against the enemy, the women in the centre loaded guns and attended to the children and the wounded.

^{Page 9 note 1} ‘Nationalist Party… As a matter of semantics, it prefers the title “National Party” for itself with the implication that all opponents are “un-national”.’ Robertson, H. M., South Africa: economic and political aspects (Durham, North Carolina, 1957), glossary, pp. 135–6.Google Scholar

^{Page 9 note 2} Africa Digest (London), VI, 2, 09–10 1958, p. 56.Google Scholar

^{Page 9 note 3} Rand Daily Mail (Johannesburg), 17 08 1961.Google Scholar

^{Page 10 note 1} Horrell, , Survey of Race Relations in South Africa: 1963, p. I.Google Scholar

^{Page 10 note 2} Quoted by Smuts, J. C., Jan Christian Smuts (London, 1952), pp. 494–5.Google Scholar

^{Page 10 note 3} Coser, Lewis, The Functions of Social Conflict (Glencoe, 1956), p. 80.Google Scholar

^{Page 10 note 4} Coleman, James S., Community Conflict (Glencoe, 1957), p. 22.Google Scholar

^{Page 11 note 1} House of Assembly Debates, 5 03 1963, cols. 2140–1.Google Scholar

^{Page 13 note 1} Star (Johannesburg), 1 12 1960.Google Scholar

^{Page 13 note 2} Delius, Anthony, The Day Natal Took Off (Cape Town, 1963).Google Scholar

^{Page 13 note 3} See, for example, Gandar's, Laurence front-page editorial in the Rand Daily Mail, 7 09 1966.Google Scholar

^{Page 15 note 1} Munger, , Notes on the Formation of South African Foreign Policy, pp. 100 and 85.Google Scholar

^{Page 15 note 2} Apter defines a ‘consent group’ as a body from which assent to a decision is required by law or in practice before it becomes binding; The Politics of Modernization, p. 27.Google Scholar

^{Page 15 note 3} Carter, Gwendolen M., Karis, Thomas, and Stultz, Newell M., South Africa's Transkei: the politics of domestic colonialism (Evanston, 1967), p. 52.Google Scholar

^{Page 16 note 1} My discussion of S.A.B.R.A. draws heavily upon J. F. Holleman, ‘S.A.B.R.A. 1961: the great purge’, a report to the Institute for Social Research, University of Natal, prepared by its director (Durban, 1961, mimeo.)

^{Page 17 note 1} Ibid. p. 17.

^{Page 18 note 1} Apter, , The Politics of Modernization, p. 388.Google Scholar

^{Page 18 note 2} Ibid. p. 40.

^{Page 18 note 3} Brzezinski, Zbigniew, ‘Totalitarianism and Rationality’, in The American Political Science Review (Menasha), L, 3, 09 1956, p. 754.Google Scholar

^{Page 19 note 1} Apter, , The Politics of Modernization, p. 306.Google Scholar

^{Page 19 note 2} Deutsch, Karl W. and Foltz, William J. (eds.), Nation-Building (New York, 1966), p. 222.Google Scholar

^{Page 19 note 3} Thompson, Leonard, Politics in the Republic of South Africa (Boston, 1966), p. 46.Google Scholar

^{Page 19 note 4} Lewin, Julius, Politics and Law in South Africa (New York, 1963), p. 110.Google Scholar