^{Page 57 note 1} E.g. Issa G. Shivji, ‘Tanzania — The Silent Class Struggle’, paper presented to the Universities of East Africa Social Sciences Conference, Dar es Salaam, December 1970.

^{Page 57 note 2} See Szentes, Tomas, The Political Economy of Underdevelopment (Budapest, 1971).Google Scholar

^{Page 58 note 1} Belden, Jack, ‘Sex and Revolution,’ in Monthly Review (New York), XXII, 4, 09 1970.Google Scholar

^{Page 58 note 2} Fanon, Frantz, A Dying Colonialism (London, 1970), p. 89.Google Scholar

^{Page 58 note 3} Belden, loc. cit. p. 57.

^{Page 59 note 1} Goodenough, W. N., ‘Rethinking “Status” and “Role”: toward a general model of the cultural organization of social relationships’, in Banton, M. (ed.), The Relevance of Models for Social Anthropology (London, 1965), African Studies Association Monograph, i, p. 4.Google Scholar

^{Page 59 note 2} Paulme, D. (ed.), Women of Tropical Africa (Berkeley. 1963).Google Scholar

^{Page 60 note 1} Levine, R. A. ‘Sex Roles and Economic Change in Africa’, in Ethnology (Pittsburgh), iv, 2, 04 1966, p. 186.Google Scholar

^{Page 60 note 2} Ibid. p. 187.

^{Page 61 note 1} See A. Lebeuf, ‘The Role of Women in the Political Organisation of African Societies’, in D. Paulme, op. cit. ch. 4, and Lefaucheux, M., ‘The Contribution of Women to the Economic and Social Development of African Countries,’ in International Labour Review (Geneva), LXVI, I, 07 1962.Google Scholar

^{Page 61 note 2} Smelser, N.J., ‘Towards a Theory of Modernization’, in Dalton, G. (ed.), Tribal and Peasant Economies (Garden City, N.Y., 1967).Google Scholar

^{Page 61 note 3} Levine, op. cit. p. 188.

^{Page 62 note 1} Wills, J., ‘Peasant Farming and the Theory of the Firm’, in Rural Development Review Papers (Kampala, mimeo.), 68, 1968,Google Scholar and ‘A Study of Time Allocation by Rural Women and Their Place in Decision-Making: preliminary findings from Embu District,’ ibid. 44, 1967.

^{Page 62 note 2} See Minturn and Lambert, op. cit.; and Ottenberg, P. V., ‘The Changing Economic Position of Women Among the Afikpo Ibo,’ in Bascom, O. and Herskovits, M., Continuity and Change in African Countries (Chicago, 1959).Google Scholar

^{Page 62 note 3} Swantz, M., Religious and Magical Rites of Bantu Women in Tanzania (Dar en Salaam, 1966).Google Scholar

^{Page 62 note 4} See Chabaud, Jacqueline, The Education and Advancement of Women (Paris, 1970),Google Scholar and Mbilinyi, M. J., The Education of Girls in Tanzania (Dar es Salaam, 1969).Google Scholar

^{Page 63 note 1} Source: Tanzania Second Five-Tear Plan for Economic and Social Development, 1st July 1969 – 30th June 1974 (Dar es Salaam, 1969), vol. I, table I, p. 149.

^{Page 63 note 2} Lefaucheux, loc. cit. p. 27.

^{Page 63 note 3} Ibid p. 30.

^{Page 64 note 1} Source: Central Statistical Bureau, Dar es Salaam, preliminary figures from 1967 Census for mainland Tanzania, i.e. excluding Zanzibar.

^{Page 64 note 2} Source: ibid.

^{Page 65 note 1} The percentages for Tanzania are derived from preliminary figures from the 1967 census of the mainland. For a more complete analysis of the developing occupational structures in several African nations, see Marjorie J. Mbilinyi, background paper to United Nations Seminar on the Participation of Women in Economic Life, held in Gabon, 27 July– 9 August, 1971; SO 245/3(9).

^{Page 67 note 1} The Standard (Dar es Salaam), 22 January 1971.

^{Page 68 note 1} Kassam, F. M., ‘Comments on the White Paper’, in East African Law Review (Dar as Salaam), II, 3, 12 1969, p. 337.Google Scholar

^{Page 68 note 2} E. R. Wolf, ‘Types of Latin American Peasantry,’ in Dalton, op. cit.

^{Page 69 note 1} Moore, W. E. and Tuniin, M. M., ‘Some Social Functions of Ignorance’, in American Sociological Review (Albany), XIV, 1949.Google Scholar The parentheses indicate my own comments.

^{Page 69 note 2} Ibid. p. 795.

^{Page 70 note 1} My monograph on The Education of Girls in Tanzania was based on a preliminary field study in 1968. This article draws on a major study conducted in 1969; for the methodology and findings, see my paper on ‘Traditional Attitudes Towards Women’, Universities of East Africa Social Sciences Conference, December 1970.

^{Page 72 note 1} See Rweyemamu, J. F., ‘The Structure of Tanzanian Industry,’ University of Dar es Salaam,Google Scholar Economic Research Bureau Paper 75.2, mimeo.