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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2008
In 1962, shortly after independence, the Government of Mali established the Institute of ‘Human Sciences’, thereby replacing the former Institutfrançais d'Afrique noire in Soudan, known as ‘Centre IFAN’ pour le Soudan. The National Archives, the National Library, and the National Museum, with collections inherited from I.F.A.N., were reorganised, and at the same time three research Divisions were created: for History and Civilisation, Linguistics and Literature, and Socio-Economics.