Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2008
In the making of a post-independence Namibian society, there are few areas of agreement between the contending parties in the contemporary struggle for power. Nevertheless, both the South-West Africa People's Organisation and the South African-backed Turnhalle groups have expressed the need to establish tertiary-level education in Namibia. The absence of a university and an associated intellectual community means that, in Richard Moorsom's words, ‘Namibian society lacks the essential means either of attracting social concern or transmitting basic information’. The ramifications of this are both sharply apparent and regrettable:
page 675 note 1 Moorsom, Richard, ‘Introduction – Focus on Namibia’, in South African Labour Bulletin (Durban), 4, 01–02 1978, p. 1.Google Scholar
page 675 note 2 Thomas, Wolfgang, Economic Development in Namibia: towards acceptable development strategies for an independent Namibia (Munich, 1978), p. 301.Google Scholar
page 676 note 1 United Nations Council for Namibia, ‘Establishment of the Institute for Namibia’, U.N. General Assembly Document A/AC. 131.34, 7 October 1974.
page 676 note 2 Simuchoba, Arthur, ‘U.N. Institute for Namibia: preparing the future leaders’, in The Times of Zambia (Lusaka), 26 01 1977.Google Scholar
page 676 note 3 Excerpt from the message of His Excellency, President Kenneth Kaunda, in United Nations Institute for Namibia, Prospectus 1978 (Lusaka, 1978), p. 1.Google Scholar
page 676 note 4 ‘Report of the United Nations Council for Namibia’, Vol. IV, Part 3, Annex XXXII, ‘Charter of the United Nations Institute for Namibia’, U.N. General Assembly Document A/34/24, 5 December 1979.
page 677 note 1 United Nations Institute for Namibia, Prospectus 1980 (Lusaka, 1980)Google Scholar, passim.
page 677 note 2 Cited in Prospectus 1978, p. 16.
page 677 note 3 U.N. Document A/AC. 131. 34, p. 1.
page 677 note 4 Prospectus 1980, p. 30.
page 677 note 5 The processes and contemporary structures of underdevelopment are presented by Innes, Duncan, ‘Imperialism and the National Struggle in Namibia’, in Review of African Political Economy (London), 9, 05–08 1978, pp. 44–59Google Scholar; Moorsom, Richard, ‘Underdevelopment, Contract Labour and Worker Consciousness in Namibia, 1915–72’, in Journal of Southern African Studies (Oxford), 4, 10 1977, pp. 52–87CrossRefGoogle Scholar, and ‘Labour Consciousness and the 1971–72 Contract Workers Strike in Namibia’, in Development and Change (London and Beverly Hills), 10, 04 1979, pp. 205–31;Google Scholar and Robin Murray, ‘The Namibian Economy: an analysis of the role of foreign investment and the policies of the South African administration’, in Murray, Robin, Morris, Joe, Dugard, John, and Rubin, Neville, The Role of Foreign Firms in Namibia (Uppsala, 1974), pp. 21–127.Google Scholar
page 677 note 6 Joe Morris, ‘The Black Workers in Namibia’, in ibid. pp. 129–180. Educational policy in Namibia is analysed also by Tjitendero, Mosé Penaani, ‘Examination of an Alternative: a look at primary and secondary education in Namibia’, D.Ed. dissertation, University of Massachusetts, 1976;Google ScholarO'Callaghan, Marion, Namibia: the effects of apartheid on culture and education (Paris, 1977), esp. pp. 92–155;Google ScholarLeu, Christopher A., ‘Opposition to Apartheid in Namibia: the role of education, religion, and the contract labor system’, in Ufahamu (Los Angeles), 9, 1979, pp. 111–37;Google Scholar and Melber, Henning, Schule und Kolonialismus: das formale Erziehungswesen Namibias (Hamburg, 1979).Google Scholar
page 678 note 1 Windhoek Advertiser, 14 December 1976.
page 678 note 2 Morris, loc. cit. p. 168.
page 678 note 3 ‘Namibia: rising anger at Bantu education’, in Focus on Political Repression in Southern Africa (London), 8, 01 1977, p. 17.Google Scholar
page 678 note 4 ‘Students under Apartheid’, in ibid. 9, March 1977, pp. 16–17.
page 678 note 5 Prospectus 1978, p. 17.
page 678 note 6 A discussion on the transformed rôle of women in Namibia is provided by Collins, Carole, ‘SWAPO Images of a Future Society: women in Namibia’, in Issue (Waltham, Mass.), VII, 4, 1977, pp. 39–45.Google Scholar
page 678 note 7 United Nations Institute for Namibia, Report of the Senate of the United Nations Institute for Namibia to the United Nations Council for Namibia and the Secretary-General of the United Nations, January-December 1979 (Lusaka, 1980), P. 5.Google Scholar
page 678 note 8 UNIN News (Lusaka, 1980)Google Scholar, Special Issue on the Occasion of the Graduation of the First Batch of the Students of the United Nations Institute for Namibia.
page 678 note 9 Details of the two liberation movements are furnished by Gibson, Richard, African Liberation Movements: contemporary struggles against white minority rule (London, 1972), esp. pp. 107–41.Google Scholar
page 679 note 1 Sam Nujoma, President of S.W.A.P.O., in Prospectus 1978, p. 2.
page 679 note 2 Thomas, op. cit. p. 223.
page 679 note 3 Prospectus 1980, p. 23.
page 679 note 4 Ibid. pp. 24–5.
page 680 note 1 United Nations Institute for Namibia, , Objectives and Guidelines for the Training of the Students of the United Nations Institute for Namibia During the Secondment Period (Lusaka, 1979).Google Scholar
page 680 note 2 Prospectus 1980, p. 23.
page 680 note 3 See, for example, Strohmeyer, Eckhard, Namibische National Bibliographie, 1971–1975 (Basle, 1978);Google ScholarSchoeman, Elna, South West Africa/Namibia. An International Issue, 1920–1977: a select bibliography (Johannesburg, 1978);Google Scholar and Cross, Sholto, Namibian Documents Collection (Rome, 1977)Google Scholar, a mimeographed bibliographic handbook prepared for the United Nations Institute for Namibia under the sponsorship of F.F.H.C./A.D., F.A.O.
page 680 note 4 Moorsom, loc. cit. p. 1.
page 680 note 5 U.N. Document A/AC. 131.34, op. cit. p. 2.
page 680 note 6 United Nations Institute for Namibia, , Report of the Senate of the United Nations Institute for Namibia to the United Nations Council for Namibia and the Secretary-General of the United Nations, January–December 1977 (Lusaka, 1978), p. 9.Google Scholar
page 681 note 1 United Nations Institute for Namibia, ‘Agrarian and Laud Reform Programmes for an Independent Namibia’, mimeographed seminar report, Lusaka, 1979.Google Scholar
page 681 note 2 Green, Reginald Herbold, Manpower Estimates and Development Implications for Namibia (Lusaka, 1978), p. 1.Google Scholar
page 681 note 3 Hage G. Geingob, ‘Foreword’ to Bomani, Mark D. and Ushewokunze, C., Constitutional Options for Namibia: a historical perspective (Lusaka, 1979), p. iii.Google Scholar
page 681 note 4 Mshonga, Shakespeare, Toward Agrarian Reform: policy options for Namibia (Lusaka, 1980), p. 63.Google Scholar
page 682 note 1 Most of the following information comes from Report of the Senate, 1977, pp. 10–15, and 1979, pp. 12–13.Google Scholar
page 682 note 2 The need to reassess Namibian history has been argued most forcefully by Hamutenya, Hidipo L. and Geingob, Gottfried Hage in ‘African Nationalism in Namibia’, in Potholm, Christian P. and Dale, Richard (eds.), Southern Africa in Perspective: essays in regional politics (New York, 1972), p. 86:Google Scholar ‘the South African government is currently advancing a myth which postulates that deep-seated ethnic enmities, as well as cultural and linguistic differences, preclude any possibility of collective action for national purpose among the Africans of Namibia’.
The theme of ‘decolonising’ Namibian history is treated also by Al-Nagar, Umar, ‘African Initiative in Namibia in the Pre-Colonial Period’, International Conference on Southern African History, National University of Lesotho, Roma, 1–8 08 1977.Google Scholar For a major contribution towards rewriting Namibian history, see S.W.A.P.O., ‘Namibia: people's resistance, 1670–1970’, in Race and Class (London), XXII, Summer 1980, pp. 23–46.Google Scholar
page 683 note 1 Mazrui, Ali A., ‘The African University as a Multinational Corporation: problems of penetration and dependency’, in Harvard Educational Review (Cambridge, Mass.), 45, 05 1975, pp. 191–210.Google Scholar
page 683 note 2 See Temu, P. E., ‘Reflections on the Role of Social Scientists in Africa’, in International Social Science Journal (Paris), XXXVII, 1975, pp. 190–4.Google Scholar
page 683 note 3 The differences between ‘neo-colonialism’ and ‘national liberation’ in the context of Southern Africa are set forth by Ntalaja, Nzongola, ‘Internal Settlement, Neo-Colonialism and the Liberation of Southern Africa’, in Journal of Southern African Affairs (Brunswick, Ohio), 4, 04 1979, pp. 133–51.Google Scholar